DISSEMINATED HISTOPLASMOSIS: A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN PATIENTS WITH ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME AND NON-HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS–INFECTED INDIVIDUALS

ANGELA M. TOBÓN Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital La María, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Policlínica Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina y Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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CARLOS A. AGUDELO Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital La María, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Policlínica Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina y Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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DAVID S. ROSERO Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital La María, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Policlínica Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina y Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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JUAN E. OCHOA Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital La María, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Policlínica Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina y Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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CATALINA DE BEDOUT Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital La María, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Policlínica Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina y Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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ALEJANDRA ZULUAGA Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital La María, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Policlínica Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina y Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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MYRTHA ARANGO Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital La María, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Policlínica Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina y Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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LUZ E. CANO Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital La María, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Policlínica Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina y Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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JAIME SAMPEDRO Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital La María, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Policlínica Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina y Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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ANGELA RESTREPO Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Medellín, Colombia; Hospital La María, Medellín, Colombia; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Medellín, Colombia; Policlínica Villarrobledo, Albacete, Spain; Facultad de Medicina y Escuela de Bacteriología y Laboratorio Clínico, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia

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We studied 52 patients with disseminated histoplasmosis, 30 with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (cohort 1) and 22 not co-infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (cohort 2). Demographic, clinical, laboratory, mycologic findings, as well as antifungal therapy and highly active antiretroviral (HAART), were analyzed. Skin lesions were significantly higher in cohort 1 than in cohort 2 (P = 0.001). Anemia, leukopenia, and an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate were also more pronounced in cohort 1 than in cohort 2 (P < 0.001). Histoplasma capsulatum was isolated more often in cohort 1 than in cohort 2 (P < 0.05) patients, but antibodies to H. capsulatum were detected more frequently in cohort 2 than in cohort 1 (P < 0.05). Itraconazole treatment was less effective in cohort 1 than in cohort 2 (P = 0.012). In cohort 1 patients, HAART improved response to antifungals when compared with individuals not given HAART (P = 0.003), who exhibited higher mortality rates (P = 0.025). Cohort 1 patients who were given dual antifungal and anti-retroviral therapies responded as well as the non-HIV patients in cohort 2, who were treated only with itraconazole. These results indicate the need to promote restoration of the immune system in patients with AIDS and histoplasmosis.

Author Notes

Reprint requests: Angela Restrepo, Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas, Carrera 72A # 78B-141, Medellín, Colombia.
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