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1
Suarez PG, Watt CJ, Alarcon E, Portocarrero J, Zavala D, Canales R, Luelmo F, Espinal MA, Dye C, 2001. The dynamics of tuberculosis in response to 10 years of intensive control effort in Peru. J Infect Dis 184 :473–478.
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2
WHO, 2001. WHO Report 2001 Global TB Control. Geneva: World Health Organization.
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3
Tuberculosis en el Perú, Informe,2000. Lima: Dirección General de Salud de las Personas, Ministerio de Salud.
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4
Sanghavi DM, Gilman RH, Lescano-Guevara AG, Checkley W, Cabrera LZ, Cardenas V, 1998. Hyperendemic pulmonary tuberculosis in a Peruvian shantytown. Am J Epidemiol 148 :384–389.
-
5
Población Total Proyectada al 30 de Junio de 1994, 1994. Lima: Instituto Nacional Estadística.
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6
Peru, estimaciones y proyecciones de población 1950–2050, 2001. Boletín de Análisis Demográfico: Dirección Técnica de Demografía e Indicadores Sociales. Lima, Peru: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática.
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7
Hudson RA, 1993. Peru: A Country Study: Washington, DC: Defense Department, U.S. Army.
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8
Escobar GJ, Salazar E, Chuy M, 1983. Beliefs regarding the etiology and treatment of infantile diarrhea in Lima, Peru. Soc Sci Med 17: 1257–1269.
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9
Davidson J, 1983. The survival of traditional medicine in a Peruvian barriada. Soc Sci Med 17 :1271–1280.
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10
Roemer MI, 1986. The changeability of health care systems. Latin American experience. Med Care 24 :24–29.
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11
de Feo V, 2003. Ethnomedical field study in northern Peruvian Andes with particular reference to divination practices. J Ethnopharmacol 85 :243–256.
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12
Eastwood SV, Hill PC, 2004. A gender-focused qualitative study of barriers to accessing tuberculosis treatment in The Gambia, west Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 8 :70–75.
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13
Edginton ME, Sekatane CS, Goldstein SJ, 2002. Patients’ beliefs: do they affect tuberculosis control? A study in a rural district of South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 6 :1075–1082.
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14
Wandwalo ER, Morkve O, 2000. Knowledge of disease and treatment among tuberculosis patients in Mwanza, Tanzania. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 4 :1041–1046.
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15
Johansson E, Long NH, Diwan VK, Winkvist A, 2000. Gender and tuberculosis control: perspectives on health seeking behaviour among men and women in Vietnam. Health Policy 52 :33–51.
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16
Lienhardt C, Rowley J, Manneh K, Lahai G, Needham D, Milligan P, McAdam KP, 2001. Factors affecting time delay to treatment in a tuberculosis control programme in a sub-Saharan African country: the experience of The Gambia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 5 :233–239.
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17
Barnes PM, Powell-Griner E, McFann K, Nahin RL, 2004. Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults: United States, 2002. Adv Data (343):1–19.
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18
Nigenda G, Mora-Flores G, Aldama-Lopez S, Orozco-Nunez E, 2001. Practice of traditional medicine in Latin America and the Caribbean: the dilemma between regulation and tolerance. Salud Publica Mex 43 :41–51.
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19
Miranda JJ, Nunez H, Alca A, 2002. Traditional healers, still part of the community health systems in the Andes. J Epidemiol Community Health 56 :733.
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20
Giese C, 1989. “Curanderos” Traditionelle Heiler in Nord Peru: Muenchner Beitraege zur Amerikanistik. Hoehenschaftlarn, Germany: Klaus Renner Verlag.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 897 | 775 | 210 |
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DOES TRADITIONAL MEDICINE USE HAMPER EFFORTS AT TUBERCULOSIS CONTROL IN URBAN PERU?
CLARISSA C. OESER
CLARISSA C. OESER
Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Infectious Diseases and Wellcome Centre for Clinical Tropical Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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ADRIAN R. ESCOMBE
ADRIAN R. ESCOMBE
Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Infectious Diseases and Wellcome Centre for Clinical Tropical Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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ROBERT H. GILMAN
ROBERT H. GILMAN
Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Infectious Diseases and Wellcome Centre for Clinical Tropical Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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JON S. FRIEDLAND
JON S. FRIEDLAND
Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Infectious Diseases and Wellcome Centre for Clinical Tropical Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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CARLTON A. W. EVANS
CARLTON A. W. EVANS
Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Infectious Diseases and Wellcome Centre for Clinical Tropical Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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DAVID A. J. MOORE
DAVID A. J. MOORE
Asociación Benéfica PRISMA, Lima, Peru; Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Department of Infectious Diseases and Wellcome Centre for Clinical Tropical Medicine, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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Decades of social and political unrest have contributed to the urbanization of the population of Peru with large-scale migration from rural Andean and Amazonian communities to overcrowded shantytowns around Lima. We administered a face-to-face survey questionnaire to 116 patients with suspected and proven tuberculosis (TB) in northern Lima to determine the extent to which the use of traditional therapies from indigenous regions persists and the impact of any such use on TB control. Sixty-three percent of participants reported some form of self-treatment prior to presentation to the National Tuberculosis Program; 52% of them used traditional remedies. Symptom duration was longer among self-remedy users than non-users (median = 25 versus 15 days; P = 0.07) and among those exclusively using western remedies rather than traditional remedies (median = 30 versus 15 days; P = 0.01). We thus found no evidence that use of traditional remedies has an appreciable effect on diagnostic delay in Lima.
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-
1
Suarez PG, Watt CJ, Alarcon E, Portocarrero J, Zavala D, Canales R, Luelmo F, Espinal MA, Dye C, 2001. The dynamics of tuberculosis in response to 10 years of intensive control effort in Peru. J Infect Dis 184 :473–478.
-
2
WHO, 2001. WHO Report 2001 Global TB Control. Geneva: World Health Organization.
-
3
Tuberculosis en el Perú, Informe,2000. Lima: Dirección General de Salud de las Personas, Ministerio de Salud.
-
4
Sanghavi DM, Gilman RH, Lescano-Guevara AG, Checkley W, Cabrera LZ, Cardenas V, 1998. Hyperendemic pulmonary tuberculosis in a Peruvian shantytown. Am J Epidemiol 148 :384–389.
-
5
Población Total Proyectada al 30 de Junio de 1994, 1994. Lima: Instituto Nacional Estadística.
-
6
Peru, estimaciones y proyecciones de población 1950–2050, 2001. Boletín de Análisis Demográfico: Dirección Técnica de Demografía e Indicadores Sociales. Lima, Peru: Instituto Nacional de Estadística e Informática.
-
7
Hudson RA, 1993. Peru: A Country Study: Washington, DC: Defense Department, U.S. Army.
-
8
Escobar GJ, Salazar E, Chuy M, 1983. Beliefs regarding the etiology and treatment of infantile diarrhea in Lima, Peru. Soc Sci Med 17: 1257–1269.
-
9
Davidson J, 1983. The survival of traditional medicine in a Peruvian barriada. Soc Sci Med 17 :1271–1280.
-
10
Roemer MI, 1986. The changeability of health care systems. Latin American experience. Med Care 24 :24–29.
-
11
de Feo V, 2003. Ethnomedical field study in northern Peruvian Andes with particular reference to divination practices. J Ethnopharmacol 85 :243–256.
-
12
Eastwood SV, Hill PC, 2004. A gender-focused qualitative study of barriers to accessing tuberculosis treatment in The Gambia, west Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 8 :70–75.
-
13
Edginton ME, Sekatane CS, Goldstein SJ, 2002. Patients’ beliefs: do they affect tuberculosis control? A study in a rural district of South Africa. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 6 :1075–1082.
-
14
Wandwalo ER, Morkve O, 2000. Knowledge of disease and treatment among tuberculosis patients in Mwanza, Tanzania. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 4 :1041–1046.
-
15
Johansson E, Long NH, Diwan VK, Winkvist A, 2000. Gender and tuberculosis control: perspectives on health seeking behaviour among men and women in Vietnam. Health Policy 52 :33–51.
-
16
Lienhardt C, Rowley J, Manneh K, Lahai G, Needham D, Milligan P, McAdam KP, 2001. Factors affecting time delay to treatment in a tuberculosis control programme in a sub-Saharan African country: the experience of The Gambia. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 5 :233–239.
-
17
Barnes PM, Powell-Griner E, McFann K, Nahin RL, 2004. Complementary and alternative medicine use among adults: United States, 2002. Adv Data (343):1–19.
-
18
Nigenda G, Mora-Flores G, Aldama-Lopez S, Orozco-Nunez E, 2001. Practice of traditional medicine in Latin America and the Caribbean: the dilemma between regulation and tolerance. Salud Publica Mex 43 :41–51.
-
19
Miranda JJ, Nunez H, Alca A, 2002. Traditional healers, still part of the community health systems in the Andes. J Epidemiol Community Health 56 :733.
-
20
Giese C, 1989. “Curanderos” Traditionelle Heiler in Nord Peru: Muenchner Beitraege zur Amerikanistik. Hoehenschaftlarn, Germany: Klaus Renner Verlag.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 897 | 775 | 210 |
| Full Text Views | 525 | 16 | 5 |
| PDF Downloads | 108 | 12 | 2 |