DETECTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF WOLBACHIA INFECTIONS IN WUCHERERIA BANCROFTI (SPIRURIDA: ONCHOCERCIDAE) VAR. PACIFICA AND AEDES (STEGOMYIA) POLYNESIENSIS (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE)

CATHERINE PLICHART Laboratoire de Recherche en Parasitologie Médicale, Institut Louis Malardé, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia

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ANNE-MARIE LEGRAND Laboratoire de Recherche en Parasitologie Médicale, Institut Louis Malardé, Papeete, Tahiti, French Polynesia

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Despite control programs based on mass drug administration (MDA) of microfilaricidal compounds, Bancroftian lymphatic filariasis remains a problem in French Polynesia. For an alternative strategy to MDA, we investigated the potential role of Wolbachia to control filarial transmission. Wolbachia are intracellular α-proteobacteria endosymbionts that infect a broad range of insects and nematodes. These bacteria have a suspected role in the pathogenesis of filariasis. They also may be useful in mosquito control through cytoplasmic incompatibility. To detect and characterize these bacteria in the filarial and mosquito-vectors in French Polynesia, a survey was conducted on field-collected mosquitoes and microfilariae from infected people. Samples were analyzed by a polymerase chain reaction and gene sequencing. The results indicate that these bacteria are widespread. Sequence analysis of the wsp and ftsZ genes positioned the Aedes polynesiensis Wolbachia in cluster A and Wuchereria bancrofti var. pacifica Wolbachia in cluster D. The implications for possible improved treatment and vector control are discussed.

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