Karabatsos N, 1985. International Catalogue of Arboviruses. Third edition. San Antonio, TX: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Corbet PS, Williams MC, Gillett JD, 1961. O’nyong nyong fever: an epidemic virus disease in East Africa: IV. Vector studies as epidemic sites. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 55 :463–480.
Jupp PG, McIntosh BM, 1988. Chikungunya virus disease. Monath TP, ed. The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology. Volume II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 137–157.
Haddow AJ, Davies CW, Walker AJ, 1960. O’nyong nyong fever: an epidemic virus disease in East Africa: Introduction. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 54 :517–522.
Shore H, 1961. O’nyong-nyong fever: an epidemic virus disease in East Africa. III. Some clinical and epidemiological observations in the Northern Province of Uganda. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 55 :361–373.
Carey DE, 1971. Chikungunya and dengue: a case of mistaken identity? J History Med Allied Sci 26 :243–262.
Powers AM, Brault AC, Tesh RB, Weaver SC, 2000. Re-emergence of chikungunya and o’nyong-nyong viruses: evidence for distinct geographical lineages and distant evolutionary relationships. J Gen Virol 81 :471–479.
Kiwanuka N, Sanders EJ, Rwaguma EB, Kawamata J, Ssengooba FP, Najjemba R, Were WA, Lamunu M, Bagambisa G, Burkot TR, Dunster L, Lutwama JJ, Martin DA, Cropp CB, Karabatsos N, Lanciotti RS, Tsai TF, Campbell GL, 1999. O’Nyong-Nyong Fever in South-Central Uganda, 1996–1997: clinical features and validation of a clinical case definition for surveillance purposes. Clin Infect Dis 29 :1243–1250.
Ross RW, 1956. The Newala epidemic. III. The virus: isolation, pathogenic properties and relationship to the epidemic. J Hyg 54 :177–191.
Pavri KM, 1964. Presence of chikungunya antibodies in human sera collected from Calcutta and Jamshedpur before 1963. Ind J Med Res 52 :698–702.
Halstead SB, Scanlon JE, Umpaivit P, Udomsakdi S, 1969a. Dengue and Chikungunya virus infection in man in Thailand, 1962–1964. IV. Epidemiologic studies in the Bankok metropolitan area. Am J Trop Med Hyg 18 :997–1021.
Halstead SB, Udomasakdi S, Scanlon JE, Rohitayodhin S, 1969b. Dengue and Chikungunya virus infection in man in Thailand, 1962–1964. V. Epidemiologic observations outside Bankok. Am J Trop Med Hyg 18 :1022–1033.
Rao TR, 1966. Recent epidemics caused by Chikungunya virus in India, 1963–1965. Sci Culture 32 :215.
Rwaguma E, Lutwama JJ, Sempala SDK, Kiwanuka N, Kamugisha J, Okware S, Bagambisa G, Lanciiotti R, Roehrig JT, Gubler DJ, 1997. Emergence of epidemic O’nyong nyong fever in southwestern Uganda after and absence of 35 years. Emerg Infect Dis 3 :77.
Williams MC, Woodall JP, Corbet PS, Gillett JD, 1965. O’nyong-nyong fever: an epidemic virus disease in East Africa. VIII. Virus isolations from Anopheles mosquitoes. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 59 :300–306.
Johnson BK, 1988. O’nyong-nyong virus disease. Monath TP, ed. The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology. Volume II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 217–223.
Lanciotti RS, Ludwig ML, Rwaguma EB, Lutwama JJ, Kram T, Karabatsos N, Cropp BC, Miller BR, 1998. Emergence of O’nyong-nyong fever in Uganda after a 35-year absence: genetic characterization of the virus. Virol 252 :258–268.
Williams MC, Woodall JP, 1961. O’nyong nyong fever: an epidemic virus disease in East Africa: isolation and some properties of the virus. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 55 :135–141.
Moore DL, Causey OR, Cary DE, Reddy S, Cooke AR, Akinkugbe FM, David-West TS, Kemp GE, 1975. Arthropod-borne viral infections of man in Nigeria, 1964–1970. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 69 :49–64.
Levinson RS, Strauss JH, Strauss EG, 1990. Complete sequence of the genomic RNA of O’nyong-nyong virus and its use in the construction of alphavirus phylogenetic trees. Virol 175 :110–123.
Olaleye OD, Omilabu SA, Fagbami AH, 1988. Igbo Ora virus (an alphavirus isolated in Nigeria): a serological survey for haemagglutination inhibiting antibody in humans and domestic animals. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 82 :905–906.
Olaleye OK, Omilabu SA, Baba SS, 1990. Growth of Igbo-Ora virus in some tissue cultures. Acta Virol 34 :367–371.
Wendell MD, Wilson TG, Higgs S, Black WC IV, 2000. Chemical and gamma-ray mutagenesis of the white gene in Aedes aegypti.Insect Mol Biol 9 :119–125.
Miller BR, Mitchell CJ, 1991. Genetic selection of a flavivirus-refractory strain of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti.Am J Trop Med Hyg 45 :399–407.
Higgs S, 2004. Care, maintenance, and experimental infection of mosquitoes. Marquardt WC, Kondratieff B, Moore, CG, Freier J, Hagedorn HH, Black W III, James AA, Hemingway J, Higgs S, eds. The Biology of Disease Vectors. New York: Elsevier Academic Press, 733–739.
Cosgrove JB, Wood RJ, Petric D, Evans DT, Abbott RHR, 1994. A convenient mosquito membrane feeding system. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 44 :177–185.
Higgs S, Olson KE, Kamrud KI, Powers AM, Beaty BJ, 1997. Viral expression systems and viral infections in insects. Crampton JM, Beard CB, Louis C, eds. The Molecular Biology of Disease Vectors: A Methods Manual. London, Chapman and Hall, 457–483.
Gould EA, Buckley A, Cammack N, Barrett AET, Clegg JCS, Ishak R, Varma MGR, 1985a. Examination of the immunological relationships between flaviviruses using yellow fever virus monoclonal antibodies. J Gen Virol 66 :1369–1382.
Gould EA, Buckley A, Cammak N, 1985b. Use of a biotin-streptavidin interaction to improve flavivirus detection by immunofluorescence and ELISA tests. J Virol Methods 11 :41–48.
Karabatsos N, Buckley SM, 1967. Susceptibility of the baby-hamster kidney-cell line (BHK-21) to infection with arbovi-ruses. Am J Trop Med Hyg 16 :99–105.
Buckley SM, 1971. Multiplication of chikungunya and o’nyong nyong viruses in Singh’s Aedes cell lines. Current Topics Micro Imm 55 :133–137.
Chanas AC, Johnson BK, Simpson DIH, 1976. Antigenic relationships of alphaviruses by a simple micro-culture cross-neutralization method. J Gen Virol 32 :295–300.
Buckley SM, 1964. Applicability of the HeLa (Gey) strain of human malignant epithelial cells to the propagation of arbo-viruses. (29246). Proc Soc Exper Bio Med 116 :354–358.
Stim TB, 1969. Arbovirus plaquing in two simian kidney cell lines. J Gen Virol 5 :329–338.
Karabatsos N, 1975. Antigenic relationships of group A arbovi-ruses by plaque reduction neutralization testing. Am J Trop Med Hyg 24 :527–532.
Leake CJ, Varma MGR, Pudney M, 1977. Cytopathic effect and plaque formation by arboviruses in a continuous cell line (XTC-2) from the toad Xenopus leavis.J Gen Virol 35 :335–339.
Buckley SM, Singh KRP, Bhat UKM, 1975. Small- and large-plaque variants of chikungunya virus in two vertebrate and seven invertebrate cell lines. Acta Virol 19 :10–18.
Igarashi A, 1978. Isolation of a Singh’s Aedes albopictus cell clone sensitive to dengue and chikungunya viruses. J Gen Virol 40 :531–544.
Pudney M, Leake CJ, Varma MGR, 1979. Replication of arbo-viruses in arthropod in vitro systems. Kurstak E, ed. Arctic and Tropical Arboviruses. New York: Academic Press, 245–262.
Marhoul Z, Pudney M, 1972. A mosquito cell line (Mos. 55) from Anopheles gambiae larvae. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 66 :183–184.
Leake CJ, Pudney M, Varma MGR, 1980. Studies on arboviruses in established tick cell lines. Kurstak E, Maramamorosch K, Dübendorfer A, eds. Invertebrate Systems in Vitro. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, 327–335.
Matsubara T, Beeman RW, Besansky N, Mukabayire O, Higgs S, James AA, Burns JC, 1996. Pantropic retroviral vectors integrate and express in cells of the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae.Proc Natl Acad Sci 93 :6181–6185.
Gilotra SK, Shah KV, 1967. Laboratory studies on transmission of Chikungunya virus by mosquitoes. Am J Epidem 86 :379–385.
McIntosh BM, Paterson HE, Donaldson JM, Sousa J, 1963. Chikungunya virus: viral susceptibility and transmission studies with some vertebrates and mosquitoes. S African J Med Sci 28 :45–52.
Rao TR, Singh KRP, Pavri KM, 1964. Laboratory transmission of an Indian strain of chikungunya virus. Curr Sci 33 :235.
Paterson HE, McIntosh BM, 1964. Further studies on the chikungunya outbreak in Southern Rhodesia in 1962: II.– transmission experiments with the Aedes furcifertaylori group of mosquitoes and with a member of the Anopheles gambiae complex. Annals Trop Med. Parasit 58 :52–55.
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O’nyong-nyong virus (ONNV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) are closely related alphaviruses that cause human disease in Africa and Asia. Like most alphaviruses, CHIKV is vectored by culicine mosquitoes. ONNV is considered unusual as it primarily infects anopheline mosquitoes; however, there are relatively few experimental data to support this. In this study, three strains of ONNV and one strain of CHIKV were evaluated in Anopheles gambiae and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes and in four cell lines. As predicted, CHIKV was not infectious to An. gambiae, and we observed strain-variability for ONNV with respect to the ability of the virus to infect An. gambiae and Ae. aegypti. The species specificity in vivo was reflected by in vitro experiments using culicine and anopheline-derived cell lines.
Karabatsos N, 1985. International Catalogue of Arboviruses. Third edition. San Antonio, TX: American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.
Corbet PS, Williams MC, Gillett JD, 1961. O’nyong nyong fever: an epidemic virus disease in East Africa: IV. Vector studies as epidemic sites. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 55 :463–480.
Jupp PG, McIntosh BM, 1988. Chikungunya virus disease. Monath TP, ed. The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology. Volume II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 137–157.
Haddow AJ, Davies CW, Walker AJ, 1960. O’nyong nyong fever: an epidemic virus disease in East Africa: Introduction. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 54 :517–522.
Shore H, 1961. O’nyong-nyong fever: an epidemic virus disease in East Africa. III. Some clinical and epidemiological observations in the Northern Province of Uganda. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 55 :361–373.
Carey DE, 1971. Chikungunya and dengue: a case of mistaken identity? J History Med Allied Sci 26 :243–262.
Powers AM, Brault AC, Tesh RB, Weaver SC, 2000. Re-emergence of chikungunya and o’nyong-nyong viruses: evidence for distinct geographical lineages and distant evolutionary relationships. J Gen Virol 81 :471–479.
Kiwanuka N, Sanders EJ, Rwaguma EB, Kawamata J, Ssengooba FP, Najjemba R, Were WA, Lamunu M, Bagambisa G, Burkot TR, Dunster L, Lutwama JJ, Martin DA, Cropp CB, Karabatsos N, Lanciotti RS, Tsai TF, Campbell GL, 1999. O’Nyong-Nyong Fever in South-Central Uganda, 1996–1997: clinical features and validation of a clinical case definition for surveillance purposes. Clin Infect Dis 29 :1243–1250.
Ross RW, 1956. The Newala epidemic. III. The virus: isolation, pathogenic properties and relationship to the epidemic. J Hyg 54 :177–191.
Pavri KM, 1964. Presence of chikungunya antibodies in human sera collected from Calcutta and Jamshedpur before 1963. Ind J Med Res 52 :698–702.
Halstead SB, Scanlon JE, Umpaivit P, Udomsakdi S, 1969a. Dengue and Chikungunya virus infection in man in Thailand, 1962–1964. IV. Epidemiologic studies in the Bankok metropolitan area. Am J Trop Med Hyg 18 :997–1021.
Halstead SB, Udomasakdi S, Scanlon JE, Rohitayodhin S, 1969b. Dengue and Chikungunya virus infection in man in Thailand, 1962–1964. V. Epidemiologic observations outside Bankok. Am J Trop Med Hyg 18 :1022–1033.
Rao TR, 1966. Recent epidemics caused by Chikungunya virus in India, 1963–1965. Sci Culture 32 :215.
Rwaguma E, Lutwama JJ, Sempala SDK, Kiwanuka N, Kamugisha J, Okware S, Bagambisa G, Lanciiotti R, Roehrig JT, Gubler DJ, 1997. Emergence of epidemic O’nyong nyong fever in southwestern Uganda after and absence of 35 years. Emerg Infect Dis 3 :77.
Williams MC, Woodall JP, Corbet PS, Gillett JD, 1965. O’nyong-nyong fever: an epidemic virus disease in East Africa. VIII. Virus isolations from Anopheles mosquitoes. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 59 :300–306.
Johnson BK, 1988. O’nyong-nyong virus disease. Monath TP, ed. The Arboviruses: Epidemiology and Ecology. Volume II. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 217–223.
Lanciotti RS, Ludwig ML, Rwaguma EB, Lutwama JJ, Kram T, Karabatsos N, Cropp BC, Miller BR, 1998. Emergence of O’nyong-nyong fever in Uganda after a 35-year absence: genetic characterization of the virus. Virol 252 :258–268.
Williams MC, Woodall JP, 1961. O’nyong nyong fever: an epidemic virus disease in East Africa: isolation and some properties of the virus. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 55 :135–141.
Moore DL, Causey OR, Cary DE, Reddy S, Cooke AR, Akinkugbe FM, David-West TS, Kemp GE, 1975. Arthropod-borne viral infections of man in Nigeria, 1964–1970. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 69 :49–64.
Levinson RS, Strauss JH, Strauss EG, 1990. Complete sequence of the genomic RNA of O’nyong-nyong virus and its use in the construction of alphavirus phylogenetic trees. Virol 175 :110–123.
Olaleye OD, Omilabu SA, Fagbami AH, 1988. Igbo Ora virus (an alphavirus isolated in Nigeria): a serological survey for haemagglutination inhibiting antibody in humans and domestic animals. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 82 :905–906.
Olaleye OK, Omilabu SA, Baba SS, 1990. Growth of Igbo-Ora virus in some tissue cultures. Acta Virol 34 :367–371.
Wendell MD, Wilson TG, Higgs S, Black WC IV, 2000. Chemical and gamma-ray mutagenesis of the white gene in Aedes aegypti.Insect Mol Biol 9 :119–125.
Miller BR, Mitchell CJ, 1991. Genetic selection of a flavivirus-refractory strain of the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti.Am J Trop Med Hyg 45 :399–407.
Higgs S, 2004. Care, maintenance, and experimental infection of mosquitoes. Marquardt WC, Kondratieff B, Moore, CG, Freier J, Hagedorn HH, Black W III, James AA, Hemingway J, Higgs S, eds. The Biology of Disease Vectors. New York: Elsevier Academic Press, 733–739.
Cosgrove JB, Wood RJ, Petric D, Evans DT, Abbott RHR, 1994. A convenient mosquito membrane feeding system. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 44 :177–185.
Higgs S, Olson KE, Kamrud KI, Powers AM, Beaty BJ, 1997. Viral expression systems and viral infections in insects. Crampton JM, Beard CB, Louis C, eds. The Molecular Biology of Disease Vectors: A Methods Manual. London, Chapman and Hall, 457–483.
Gould EA, Buckley A, Cammack N, Barrett AET, Clegg JCS, Ishak R, Varma MGR, 1985a. Examination of the immunological relationships between flaviviruses using yellow fever virus monoclonal antibodies. J Gen Virol 66 :1369–1382.
Gould EA, Buckley A, Cammak N, 1985b. Use of a biotin-streptavidin interaction to improve flavivirus detection by immunofluorescence and ELISA tests. J Virol Methods 11 :41–48.
Karabatsos N, Buckley SM, 1967. Susceptibility of the baby-hamster kidney-cell line (BHK-21) to infection with arbovi-ruses. Am J Trop Med Hyg 16 :99–105.
Buckley SM, 1971. Multiplication of chikungunya and o’nyong nyong viruses in Singh’s Aedes cell lines. Current Topics Micro Imm 55 :133–137.
Chanas AC, Johnson BK, Simpson DIH, 1976. Antigenic relationships of alphaviruses by a simple micro-culture cross-neutralization method. J Gen Virol 32 :295–300.
Buckley SM, 1964. Applicability of the HeLa (Gey) strain of human malignant epithelial cells to the propagation of arbo-viruses. (29246). Proc Soc Exper Bio Med 116 :354–358.
Stim TB, 1969. Arbovirus plaquing in two simian kidney cell lines. J Gen Virol 5 :329–338.
Karabatsos N, 1975. Antigenic relationships of group A arbovi-ruses by plaque reduction neutralization testing. Am J Trop Med Hyg 24 :527–532.
Leake CJ, Varma MGR, Pudney M, 1977. Cytopathic effect and plaque formation by arboviruses in a continuous cell line (XTC-2) from the toad Xenopus leavis.J Gen Virol 35 :335–339.
Buckley SM, Singh KRP, Bhat UKM, 1975. Small- and large-plaque variants of chikungunya virus in two vertebrate and seven invertebrate cell lines. Acta Virol 19 :10–18.
Igarashi A, 1978. Isolation of a Singh’s Aedes albopictus cell clone sensitive to dengue and chikungunya viruses. J Gen Virol 40 :531–544.
Pudney M, Leake CJ, Varma MGR, 1979. Replication of arbo-viruses in arthropod in vitro systems. Kurstak E, ed. Arctic and Tropical Arboviruses. New York: Academic Press, 245–262.
Marhoul Z, Pudney M, 1972. A mosquito cell line (Mos. 55) from Anopheles gambiae larvae. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 66 :183–184.
Leake CJ, Pudney M, Varma MGR, 1980. Studies on arboviruses in established tick cell lines. Kurstak E, Maramamorosch K, Dübendorfer A, eds. Invertebrate Systems in Vitro. Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, 327–335.
Matsubara T, Beeman RW, Besansky N, Mukabayire O, Higgs S, James AA, Burns JC, 1996. Pantropic retroviral vectors integrate and express in cells of the malaria mosquito, Anopheles gambiae.Proc Natl Acad Sci 93 :6181–6185.
Gilotra SK, Shah KV, 1967. Laboratory studies on transmission of Chikungunya virus by mosquitoes. Am J Epidem 86 :379–385.
McIntosh BM, Paterson HE, Donaldson JM, Sousa J, 1963. Chikungunya virus: viral susceptibility and transmission studies with some vertebrates and mosquitoes. S African J Med Sci 28 :45–52.
Rao TR, Singh KRP, Pavri KM, 1964. Laboratory transmission of an Indian strain of chikungunya virus. Curr Sci 33 :235.
Paterson HE, McIntosh BM, 1964. Further studies on the chikungunya outbreak in Southern Rhodesia in 1962: II.– transmission experiments with the Aedes furcifertaylori group of mosquitoes and with a member of the Anopheles gambiae complex. Annals Trop Med. Parasit 58 :52–55.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 428 | 355 | 23 |
Full Text Views | 597 | 15 | 1 |
PDF Downloads | 238 | 20 | 1 |