ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1
RBM, What is Malaria? World Health Organization Roll Back Malaria. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
-
2
D’Alessandro U, 1998. Antimalarial drug resistance: surveillance and molecular methods for national malaria control programmes. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 93 :627–630.
-
3
Wellems TE, Plowe CV, 2001. Chloroquine-resistant malaria. J Infect Dis 184 :770–776.
-
4
Fidock DA, Nomura T, Talley AK, Cooper RA, Dzekunov SM, Ferdig MT, Ursos LM, Sidhu AB, Naude B, Deitsch KW, Su XZ, Wootton JC, Roepe PD, Wellems TE, 2000. Mutations in the P. falciparum digestive vacuole transmembrane protein PfCRT and evidence for their role in chloroquine resistance. Mol Cell 6 :861–871.
-
5
Adagut IS, Warhurst DC, 2001. Plasmodium falciparum: linkage disequilibrium between loci in chromosomes 7 and 5 and chloroquine selective pressure in Northern Nigeria. Parasitology 123 :219–224.
-
6
Chen N, Russell B, Staley J, Kotecka B, Nasveld P, Cheng Q, 2001. Sequence polymorphisms in pfcrt are strongly associated with chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium berghei. Plasmodium falciparum. J Infect Dis 183 :1543–1545.
-
7
Djimde A, Doumbo OK, Cortese JF, Kayentao K, Doumbo S, Diourte Y, Dicko A, Su XZ, Nomura T, Fidock DA, Wellems TE, Plowe CV, Coulibaly D, 2001. A molecular marker for chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria. N Engl J Med 344 :257–263.
-
8
Babiker HA, Pringle SJ, Abdel-Muhsin A, Mackinnon M, Hunt P, Walliker D, 2001. High-level chloroquine resistance in Sudanese isolates of Plasmodium falciparum is associated with mutations in the chloroquine resistance transporter gene pfcrt and the multidrug resistance Gene pfmdr1. J Infect Dis 183 :1535–1538.
-
9
Adagu IS, Warhurst DC, 1999. Association of cg2 and pfmdr1 genotype with chloroquine resistance in field samples of Plasmodium falciparum from Nigeria. Parasitology 119 :343–348.
-
10
Price RN, Cassar C, Brockman A, Duraisingh M, van Vugt M, White NJ, Nosten F, Krishna S, 1999. The pfmdr1 gene is associated with a multidrug-resistant phenotype in Plasmodium falciparum from the western border of Thailand. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 43 :2943–2949.
-
11
Zalis MG, Pang L, Silveira MS, Milhous WK, Wirth DF, 1998. Characterization of Plasmodium falciparum isolated from the Amazon region of Brazil: evidence for quinine resistance. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 :630–637.
-
12
Dorsey G, Kamya MR, Singh A, Rosenthal PJ, 2001. Polymorphisms in the Plasmodium falciparum pfcrt and pfmdr-1 genes and clinical response to chloroquine in Kampala, Uganda. J Infect Dis 183 :1417–1420.
-
13
Pillai DR, Labbe AC, Vanisaveth V, Hongvangthong B, Pomphida S, Inkathone S, Zhong K, Kain KC, 2001. Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Laos: chloroquine treatment outcome and predictive value of molecular markers. J Infect Dis 183 :789–795.
-
14
Chaiyaroj SC, Buranakiti A, Angkasekwinai P, Looressuwan S, Cowman AF, 1999. Analysis of mefloquine resistance and amplification of pfmdr1 in multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61 :780–783.
-
15
Povoa MM, Adagu IS, Oliveira SG, Machado RL, Miles MA, Warhurst DC, 1998. Pfmdr1 Asn1042Asp and Asp1246Tyr polymorphisms, thought to be associated with chloroquine resistance, are present in chloroquine-resistant and -sensitive Brazilian field isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. Exp Parasitol 88 :64–68.
-
16
Pillai DR, Hijar G, Montoya Y, Marouino W, Ruebush TK 2nd, Wongsrichanalai C, Kain KC, 2003. Lack of prediction of mefloquine and mefloquine-artesunate treatment outcome by mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1) gene for P. falciparum malaria in Peru. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 :107–110.
-
17
Pickard AL, Wongsrichanalai C, Purfield A, Kamwendo D, Emery K, Zalewski C, Kawamoto F, Miller RS, Meshnick SR, 2003. Resistance to antimalarials in Southeast Asia and genetic polymorphisms in pfmdr1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47 :2418–2423.
-
18
Webster HK, Boudreau EF, Pavanand K, Yongvanitchit K, Pang LW, 1985. Antimalarial drug susceptibility testing of Plasmodium falciparum in Thailand using a microdilution radioisotope method. Am J Trop Med Hyg 34 :228–235.
-
19
Purfield A, Nelson A, Laoboonchai A, Congpuong K, McDaniel P, Miller RS, Welch K, Wongsrichanalai C, Meshnick SR, 2004. A new method for detection of pfmdr1 mutations in Plasmodium falciparum DNA using real time PCR. Malaria 3(1): 9–15.
-
20
Cowman AF, Galatis D, Thompson JK, 1994. Selection for mefloquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is linked to amplification of the pfmdr1 gene and cross-resistance to halofantrine and quinine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91 :1143–1147.
-
21
Kim HS, Okuda Y, Begum K, Nagai Y, Wataya Y, Kimura M, Huruta T, 2001. Analysis of Pfmdr 1 gene in mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Nucleic Acids Res (Suppl):231–232.
-
22
Begum K, Kim HS, Okuda Y, Wataya Y, Kimura M, Huruta T, 2002. Genomic analysis of mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Nucleic Acids Res 2 (Suppl 30):223–224.
-
23
Gervais GW, Trujillo K, Robinson BL, Peters W, Serrano AE, 1999. Plasmodium berghei: identification of an mdr-like gene associated with drug resistance. Exp Parasitol 91 :86–92.
-
24
Wilson CM, Volkman SK, Thaithong S, Martin RK, Kyle DE, Milhous WK, Wirth DF, 1993. Amplification of pfmdr 1 associated with mefloquine and halofantrine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum from Thailand. Mol Biochem Parasitol 57 :151–160.
-
25
Basco LK, Le Bras J, Rhoades Z, Wilson CM, 1995. Analysis of pfmdr1 and drug susceptibility in fresh isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from subsaharan Africa. Mol Biochem Parasitol 74 :157–166.
-
26
Ringwald P, Basco LK, 1999. Comparison of in vivo and in vitro tests of resistance in patients treated with chloroquine in Yaounde, Cameroon. Bull World Health Org 77 :34–43.
-
27
Ittarat W, Pickard AL, Rattanasinganchan P, Wilairatana P, Looareesuwan S, Emery K, Low J, Udomsangpetch R, Meshnick SR, 2003. Recrudescence in artesunate-treated patients with falciparum malaria is dependent on parasite burden not on parasite factors. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 :147–152.
-
28
Mawili-Mboumba DP, Kun JF, Lell B, Kremsner PG, Ntoumi F, 2002. Pfmdr1 alleles and response to ultralow-dose mefloquine treatment in Gabonese patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46 :166–170.
-
29
Price RN, Uhlemann AC, Brockman A, McGready R, Ashley E, Phaipun L, Patel R, Laing K, Looareesuwan S, White NJ, Nosten F, Krishna S, 2004. Mefloquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum and increased pfmdr1 gene copy number. Lancet 364 :438–447.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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| Abstract Views | 919 | 854 | 314 |
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pfmdr1 GENOTYPING AND IN VIVO MEFLOQUINE RESISTANCE ON THE THAI-MYANMAR BORDER
AMY L. NELSON
AMY L. NELSON
University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Armed Forces Research Institute for the Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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ANNE PURFIELD
ANNE PURFIELD
University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Armed Forces Research Institute for the Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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PHILIP MCDANIEL
PHILIP MCDANIEL
University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Armed Forces Research Institute for the Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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NICHIPAT UTHAIMONGKOL
NICHIPAT UTHAIMONGKOL
University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Armed Forces Research Institute for the Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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NILLAWAN BUATHONG
NILLAWAN BUATHONG
University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Armed Forces Research Institute for the Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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SABAITIP SRIWICHAI
SABAITIP SRIWICHAI
University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Armed Forces Research Institute for the Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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R. SCOTT MILLER
R. SCOTT MILLER
University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Armed Forces Research Institute for the Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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CHANSUDA WONGSRICHANALAI
CHANSUDA WONGSRICHANALAI
University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Armed Forces Research Institute for the Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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STEVEN R. MESHNICK
STEVEN R. MESHNICK
University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; Armed Forces Research Institute for the Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
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Molecular markers have been proposed as a method of monitoring malaria drug resistance and could potentially be used to prolong the life span of antimalarial drugs. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the Plasmodium falciparum gene pfmdr1 and increased gene copy number have been associated with in vitro drug resistance but have not been well studied in vivo. In a prospective cohort study of malaria patients receiving mefloquine treatment on the Thai-Myanmar border, there was no significant association between either pfmdr1 SNPs or in vitro drug sensitivity and mefloquine resistance in vivo. Increased pfmdr1 gene copy number was significantly associated with recrudescence (relative risk 2.30, 95% CI 1.27–4.15). pfmdr1 gene copy number may be a useful surveillance tool for mefloquine-resistant falciparum malaria in Thailand.
Author Notes
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
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-
1
RBM, What is Malaria? World Health Organization Roll Back Malaria. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland.
-
2
D’Alessandro U, 1998. Antimalarial drug resistance: surveillance and molecular methods for national malaria control programmes. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 93 :627–630.
-
3
Wellems TE, Plowe CV, 2001. Chloroquine-resistant malaria. J Infect Dis 184 :770–776.
-
4
Fidock DA, Nomura T, Talley AK, Cooper RA, Dzekunov SM, Ferdig MT, Ursos LM, Sidhu AB, Naude B, Deitsch KW, Su XZ, Wootton JC, Roepe PD, Wellems TE, 2000. Mutations in the P. falciparum digestive vacuole transmembrane protein PfCRT and evidence for their role in chloroquine resistance. Mol Cell 6 :861–871.
-
5
Adagut IS, Warhurst DC, 2001. Plasmodium falciparum: linkage disequilibrium between loci in chromosomes 7 and 5 and chloroquine selective pressure in Northern Nigeria. Parasitology 123 :219–224.
-
6
Chen N, Russell B, Staley J, Kotecka B, Nasveld P, Cheng Q, 2001. Sequence polymorphisms in pfcrt are strongly associated with chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium berghei. Plasmodium falciparum. J Infect Dis 183 :1543–1545.
-
7
Djimde A, Doumbo OK, Cortese JF, Kayentao K, Doumbo S, Diourte Y, Dicko A, Su XZ, Nomura T, Fidock DA, Wellems TE, Plowe CV, Coulibaly D, 2001. A molecular marker for chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria. N Engl J Med 344 :257–263.
-
8
Babiker HA, Pringle SJ, Abdel-Muhsin A, Mackinnon M, Hunt P, Walliker D, 2001. High-level chloroquine resistance in Sudanese isolates of Plasmodium falciparum is associated with mutations in the chloroquine resistance transporter gene pfcrt and the multidrug resistance Gene pfmdr1. J Infect Dis 183 :1535–1538.
-
9
Adagu IS, Warhurst DC, 1999. Association of cg2 and pfmdr1 genotype with chloroquine resistance in field samples of Plasmodium falciparum from Nigeria. Parasitology 119 :343–348.
-
10
Price RN, Cassar C, Brockman A, Duraisingh M, van Vugt M, White NJ, Nosten F, Krishna S, 1999. The pfmdr1 gene is associated with a multidrug-resistant phenotype in Plasmodium falciparum from the western border of Thailand. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 43 :2943–2949.
-
11
Zalis MG, Pang L, Silveira MS, Milhous WK, Wirth DF, 1998. Characterization of Plasmodium falciparum isolated from the Amazon region of Brazil: evidence for quinine resistance. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 :630–637.
-
12
Dorsey G, Kamya MR, Singh A, Rosenthal PJ, 2001. Polymorphisms in the Plasmodium falciparum pfcrt and pfmdr-1 genes and clinical response to chloroquine in Kampala, Uganda. J Infect Dis 183 :1417–1420.
-
13
Pillai DR, Labbe AC, Vanisaveth V, Hongvangthong B, Pomphida S, Inkathone S, Zhong K, Kain KC, 2001. Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Laos: chloroquine treatment outcome and predictive value of molecular markers. J Infect Dis 183 :789–795.
-
14
Chaiyaroj SC, Buranakiti A, Angkasekwinai P, Looressuwan S, Cowman AF, 1999. Analysis of mefloquine resistance and amplification of pfmdr1 in multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Thailand. Am J Trop Med Hyg 61 :780–783.
-
15
Povoa MM, Adagu IS, Oliveira SG, Machado RL, Miles MA, Warhurst DC, 1998. Pfmdr1 Asn1042Asp and Asp1246Tyr polymorphisms, thought to be associated with chloroquine resistance, are present in chloroquine-resistant and -sensitive Brazilian field isolates of Plasmodium falciparum. Exp Parasitol 88 :64–68.
-
16
Pillai DR, Hijar G, Montoya Y, Marouino W, Ruebush TK 2nd, Wongsrichanalai C, Kain KC, 2003. Lack of prediction of mefloquine and mefloquine-artesunate treatment outcome by mutations in the Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistance 1 (pfmdr1) gene for P. falciparum malaria in Peru. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 :107–110.
-
17
Pickard AL, Wongsrichanalai C, Purfield A, Kamwendo D, Emery K, Zalewski C, Kawamoto F, Miller RS, Meshnick SR, 2003. Resistance to antimalarials in Southeast Asia and genetic polymorphisms in pfmdr1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47 :2418–2423.
-
18
Webster HK, Boudreau EF, Pavanand K, Yongvanitchit K, Pang LW, 1985. Antimalarial drug susceptibility testing of Plasmodium falciparum in Thailand using a microdilution radioisotope method. Am J Trop Med Hyg 34 :228–235.
-
19
Purfield A, Nelson A, Laoboonchai A, Congpuong K, McDaniel P, Miller RS, Welch K, Wongsrichanalai C, Meshnick SR, 2004. A new method for detection of pfmdr1 mutations in Plasmodium falciparum DNA using real time PCR. Malaria 3(1): 9–15.
-
20
Cowman AF, Galatis D, Thompson JK, 1994. Selection for mefloquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is linked to amplification of the pfmdr1 gene and cross-resistance to halofantrine and quinine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 91 :1143–1147.
-
21
Kim HS, Okuda Y, Begum K, Nagai Y, Wataya Y, Kimura M, Huruta T, 2001. Analysis of Pfmdr 1 gene in mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Nucleic Acids Res (Suppl):231–232.
-
22
Begum K, Kim HS, Okuda Y, Wataya Y, Kimura M, Huruta T, 2002. Genomic analysis of mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Nucleic Acids Res 2 (Suppl 30):223–224.
-
23
Gervais GW, Trujillo K, Robinson BL, Peters W, Serrano AE, 1999. Plasmodium berghei: identification of an mdr-like gene associated with drug resistance. Exp Parasitol 91 :86–92.
-
24
Wilson CM, Volkman SK, Thaithong S, Martin RK, Kyle DE, Milhous WK, Wirth DF, 1993. Amplification of pfmdr 1 associated with mefloquine and halofantrine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum from Thailand. Mol Biochem Parasitol 57 :151–160.
-
25
Basco LK, Le Bras J, Rhoades Z, Wilson CM, 1995. Analysis of pfmdr1 and drug susceptibility in fresh isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from subsaharan Africa. Mol Biochem Parasitol 74 :157–166.
-
26
Ringwald P, Basco LK, 1999. Comparison of in vivo and in vitro tests of resistance in patients treated with chloroquine in Yaounde, Cameroon. Bull World Health Org 77 :34–43.
-
27
Ittarat W, Pickard AL, Rattanasinganchan P, Wilairatana P, Looareesuwan S, Emery K, Low J, Udomsangpetch R, Meshnick SR, 2003. Recrudescence in artesunate-treated patients with falciparum malaria is dependent on parasite burden not on parasite factors. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 :147–152.
-
28
Mawili-Mboumba DP, Kun JF, Lell B, Kremsner PG, Ntoumi F, 2002. Pfmdr1 alleles and response to ultralow-dose mefloquine treatment in Gabonese patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 46 :166–170.
-
29
Price RN, Uhlemann AC, Brockman A, McGready R, Ashley E, Phaipun L, Patel R, Laing K, Looareesuwan S, White NJ, Nosten F, Krishna S, 2004. Mefloquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum and increased pfmdr1 gene copy number. Lancet 364 :438–447.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 919 | 854 | 314 |
| Full Text Views | 300 | 9 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 52 | 8 | 0 |