McIntosh HM, Olliaro P, 2000. Artemisinin derivatives for treating uncomplicated malaria. Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews.
McIntosh HM, Olliaro P, 2000. Artemisinin derivatives for treating severe malaria. Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews.
Luo XD, Shen CC, 1987. The chemistry, pharmacology, and clinical applications of qinghaosu (artemisinin) and its derivatives. Med Res Rev 7 :29–52.
Alin MH, Bjorkman A, Ashton M, 1990. In vitro activity of artemisinin, its derivatives, and pyronaridine against different strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84 :635–637.
Basco LK, Le Bras J, 1993. In vitro activity of artemisinin derivatives against African isolates and clones of Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 49 :301–307.
Le Bras J, 1998. In vitro susceptibility of African Plasmodium falciparum isolates to dihydroartemisinin and the risk factors for resistance to qinghaosu. Med Trop (Mars) 58 (Suppl):18–21.
Klayman DL, 1985. Qinghaosu (artemisinin): an antimalarial drug from China. Science 228 :1049–1055.
Li GQ, Guo XB, Fu LC, Jian HX, Wang HX, 1994. Clinical trials of artemisinin and its derivatives in the treatment of malaria in China. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 88 (Suppl 1):S5–S6.
Looareesuwan S, Wilairatana P, Vanijanonta S, Pitisuttithum P, Viravan C, Kraisintu K, 1996. Treatment of acute, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria with oral dihydroartemisinin. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 90 :21–28.
Le NH, Na-Bangchang K, Le TD, Thrinh KA, Karbwang J, 1999. Pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of dihydroartemisinin in Vietnamese healthy volunteers. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 30 :11–16.
Na-Bangchang K, Congpoung K, Ubalee R, Thanavibul A, Tan-ariya P, Karbwang J, 1997. Pharmacokinetics and ex vivo antimalarial activity of sera following a single oral dose of dihydroartemisinin in healthy Thai males. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 28 :731–735.
Na-Bangchang K, Karbwang J, Congpoung K, Thanavibul A, Ubalee R, 1998. Pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence evaluation of two generic formulations of oral artesunate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 53 :375–376.
Na-Bangchang K, Karbwang J, Palacios PA, Ubalee R, Saeng-tertsilapachai S, Wernsdorfer WH, 2000. Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence evaluation of three commercial tablet formulations of mefloquine when given in combination with dihydroartemisinin in patients with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 55 :743–748.
Ponnudurai T, Leewenburg ADEM, Meuwissen HET, 1982. Chloroquine sensitivity of isolates of Plasmodium falciparum adapted in in vitro culture. Trop Geogr Med 33 :50–54.
Gluzman IY, Schlesinger PH, Krogstad DJ, 1987. Inoculum effect with chloroquine and Plasmodium falciparum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 31 :32–36.
Geary TG, Divo AD, Jensen JB, Zangwill M, Ginsburg H, 1990. Kinetic modelling of the response of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and its experimental testing in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 40 :685–691.
Bray PG, Hawley SR, Ward SA, 1996. 4-Aminoquinoline resistance of Plasmodium falciparum: insights from the study of amodiaquine uptake. Mol Pharmacol 50 :1551–1558.
Ritchie GY, Mungthin M, Green JE, Bray PG, Hawley SR, Ward SA, 1996. In vitro selection of halofantrine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is not associated with increased expression of Pgh1. Mol Biochem Parasitol 83 :35–46.
Hawley SR, Bray PG, O’Neill PM, Naisbitt DJ, Park BK, Ward SA, 1996. Manipulation of the N-alkyl substituent in amodiaquine to overcome the verapamil-sensitivity chloroquine resistance component. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996 :2345–2349.
Duraisingh MT, Jones P, Sambou I, von Seildlein L, Pinder M, Warhurst DC, 1999. Inoculum effect leads to overestimation of in vitro resistance for artemisinin derivatives and standard antimalarials: a Gambian field study. Parasitology 119 :435–440.
Na-Bangchang K, Congpoung K, Hung LN, Molunto P, Karbwang J, 1998. Simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detection for the simultaneous determination of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin in biological fluids. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 708 :201–207.
Rieckmann KH, Campbell GH, Sax LJ, Mrema JE, 1978. Drug sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum and in vitro microtechnique. Lancet 1 :22–23.
Tan-ariya P, Brockelman CR, Menabadhu C, 1987. Optimal concentration of p-aminobenzoic acid and folic acid in the in vitro assay of antifolates against Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 37 :42–48.
Gibaldi M, 1991. Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Fourth edition. London: Lea and Febiger, 14–23.
Geary TG, Divo AA, Jensen JB, 1989. Stage specific actions of antimalarial drugs on Plasmodium falciparum in culture. Am J Trop Med Hyg 40 :240–244.
ter Kuile F, White NJ, Holloway P, Pasvol G, Krishna S, 1993. Plasmodium falciparum: in vitro studies of the pharmacodynamic properties of drugs used for the treatment of severe malaria. Exp Parasitol 76 :85–95.
Alin MH, Bjorkman A, 1994. Concentration and time dependency of artemisinin efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Am J Trop Med Hyg 50 :771–776.
Maeno Y, Toyoshima T, Fujioka H, Ito Y, Meshnick SR, Benakis A, Milhous WK, Aikawa M, 1993. Morphologic effects of artemisinin in Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 49 :485–491.
Na-Bangchang K, Tippawangkosol P, Thanavibul A, Ubalee R, Karbwang J, 1999. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of mefloquine and dihydroartemisinin. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 19 :9–17.
Ubalee R, Songthammawat D, Na-Bangchang K, Tan-ariya P, Karbwang J, 1999. Ex vivo blood schizontocidal activities of artemisinin derivatives against Plasmodium falciparum. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 30 :225–231.
Karbwang J, Na-Bangchang K, 1992. Principles and planning of clinical pharmacokinetic studies. Karbwang J, Back DJ, Breckenridge D, eds. Clinical Pharmacology in Parasitic Diseases. Bangkok: Thai Wattana Panich, 65–71.
Karbwang J, Na-Bangchang K, Congpuong K, Molunto P, Thanavibul A, 1997. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral and intramuscular artemether. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 52 :307–310.
Food and Drug Administration, 1992. FDA Guidance: Statistical Procedures for Bioequivalence Studies Using a Standard Two-Treatment Cross-Over Design. Washington, DC: Food and Drug Administration.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 638 | 593 | 44 |
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Sera collected at various time intervals from healthy Thai male subjects after the administration of the three oral formulations of dihydroartemisinin (Cotecxin® manufactured in the People’s Republic of China, a formulation manufactured by Arenco n.v. Pharmaceutica in Belgium, and a formulation manufactured by the Faculty of Pharmacy of Mahidol University in Thailand) were investigated for their ex vivo blood schizontocidal activities against the K1 strain of Plasmodium falciparum. Blood schizontocidal activities of sera were evaluated using the maximum inhibitory dilution as a parameter. Sera obtained following the administration of the three formulations of dihydroartemisinin showed significantly distinct degree of ex vivo antimalarial activities. The differences may reflect the bioinequivalence between these three formulations of dihydroartemisinin. The ex vivo blood schizontocidal activity profiles generally coincided with plasma concentration-time profiles. Thus, the ex vivo model might be the useful tool for evaluating and comparing the bioequivalence of the interesting drugs especially where high-performance liquid chromatography with reductive electrochemical detection for drug analysis is not available. The effect of inoculum size of P. falciparum was shown in the ex vivo model as presented in the in vitro sensitivity test. To determine the effect of the inoculum size on the drug activity, the ex vivo model might be superior to the in vitro model since the pharmacokinetic profiles can be considered.
McIntosh HM, Olliaro P, 2000. Artemisinin derivatives for treating uncomplicated malaria. Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews.
McIntosh HM, Olliaro P, 2000. Artemisinin derivatives for treating severe malaria. Cochrane Database of Systemic Reviews.
Luo XD, Shen CC, 1987. The chemistry, pharmacology, and clinical applications of qinghaosu (artemisinin) and its derivatives. Med Res Rev 7 :29–52.
Alin MH, Bjorkman A, Ashton M, 1990. In vitro activity of artemisinin, its derivatives, and pyronaridine against different strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 84 :635–637.
Basco LK, Le Bras J, 1993. In vitro activity of artemisinin derivatives against African isolates and clones of Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 49 :301–307.
Le Bras J, 1998. In vitro susceptibility of African Plasmodium falciparum isolates to dihydroartemisinin and the risk factors for resistance to qinghaosu. Med Trop (Mars) 58 (Suppl):18–21.
Klayman DL, 1985. Qinghaosu (artemisinin): an antimalarial drug from China. Science 228 :1049–1055.
Li GQ, Guo XB, Fu LC, Jian HX, Wang HX, 1994. Clinical trials of artemisinin and its derivatives in the treatment of malaria in China. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 88 (Suppl 1):S5–S6.
Looareesuwan S, Wilairatana P, Vanijanonta S, Pitisuttithum P, Viravan C, Kraisintu K, 1996. Treatment of acute, uncomplicated, falciparum malaria with oral dihydroartemisinin. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 90 :21–28.
Le NH, Na-Bangchang K, Le TD, Thrinh KA, Karbwang J, 1999. Pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of dihydroartemisinin in Vietnamese healthy volunteers. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 30 :11–16.
Na-Bangchang K, Congpoung K, Ubalee R, Thanavibul A, Tan-ariya P, Karbwang J, 1997. Pharmacokinetics and ex vivo antimalarial activity of sera following a single oral dose of dihydroartemisinin in healthy Thai males. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 28 :731–735.
Na-Bangchang K, Karbwang J, Congpoung K, Thanavibul A, Ubalee R, 1998. Pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence evaluation of two generic formulations of oral artesunate. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 53 :375–376.
Na-Bangchang K, Karbwang J, Palacios PA, Ubalee R, Saeng-tertsilapachai S, Wernsdorfer WH, 2000. Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence evaluation of three commercial tablet formulations of mefloquine when given in combination with dihydroartemisinin in patients with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 55 :743–748.
Ponnudurai T, Leewenburg ADEM, Meuwissen HET, 1982. Chloroquine sensitivity of isolates of Plasmodium falciparum adapted in in vitro culture. Trop Geogr Med 33 :50–54.
Gluzman IY, Schlesinger PH, Krogstad DJ, 1987. Inoculum effect with chloroquine and Plasmodium falciparum. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 31 :32–36.
Geary TG, Divo AD, Jensen JB, Zangwill M, Ginsburg H, 1990. Kinetic modelling of the response of Plasmodium falciparum to chloroquine and its experimental testing in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 40 :685–691.
Bray PG, Hawley SR, Ward SA, 1996. 4-Aminoquinoline resistance of Plasmodium falciparum: insights from the study of amodiaquine uptake. Mol Pharmacol 50 :1551–1558.
Ritchie GY, Mungthin M, Green JE, Bray PG, Hawley SR, Ward SA, 1996. In vitro selection of halofantrine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum is not associated with increased expression of Pgh1. Mol Biochem Parasitol 83 :35–46.
Hawley SR, Bray PG, O’Neill PM, Naisbitt DJ, Park BK, Ward SA, 1996. Manipulation of the N-alkyl substituent in amodiaquine to overcome the verapamil-sensitivity chloroquine resistance component. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996 :2345–2349.
Duraisingh MT, Jones P, Sambou I, von Seildlein L, Pinder M, Warhurst DC, 1999. Inoculum effect leads to overestimation of in vitro resistance for artemisinin derivatives and standard antimalarials: a Gambian field study. Parasitology 119 :435–440.
Na-Bangchang K, Congpoung K, Hung LN, Molunto P, Karbwang J, 1998. Simple high-performance liquid chromatographic method with electrochemical detection for the simultaneous determination of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin in biological fluids. J Chromatogr B Biomed Sci Appl 708 :201–207.
Rieckmann KH, Campbell GH, Sax LJ, Mrema JE, 1978. Drug sensitivity of Plasmodium falciparum and in vitro microtechnique. Lancet 1 :22–23.
Tan-ariya P, Brockelman CR, Menabadhu C, 1987. Optimal concentration of p-aminobenzoic acid and folic acid in the in vitro assay of antifolates against Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 37 :42–48.
Gibaldi M, 1991. Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacokinetics. Fourth edition. London: Lea and Febiger, 14–23.
Geary TG, Divo AA, Jensen JB, 1989. Stage specific actions of antimalarial drugs on Plasmodium falciparum in culture. Am J Trop Med Hyg 40 :240–244.
ter Kuile F, White NJ, Holloway P, Pasvol G, Krishna S, 1993. Plasmodium falciparum: in vitro studies of the pharmacodynamic properties of drugs used for the treatment of severe malaria. Exp Parasitol 76 :85–95.
Alin MH, Bjorkman A, 1994. Concentration and time dependency of artemisinin efficacy against Plasmodium falciparum in vitro. Am J Trop Med Hyg 50 :771–776.
Maeno Y, Toyoshima T, Fujioka H, Ito Y, Meshnick SR, Benakis A, Milhous WK, Aikawa M, 1993. Morphologic effects of artemisinin in Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 49 :485–491.
Na-Bangchang K, Tippawangkosol P, Thanavibul A, Ubalee R, Karbwang J, 1999. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions of mefloquine and dihydroartemisinin. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res 19 :9–17.
Ubalee R, Songthammawat D, Na-Bangchang K, Tan-ariya P, Karbwang J, 1999. Ex vivo blood schizontocidal activities of artemisinin derivatives against Plasmodium falciparum. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 30 :225–231.
Karbwang J, Na-Bangchang K, 1992. Principles and planning of clinical pharmacokinetic studies. Karbwang J, Back DJ, Breckenridge D, eds. Clinical Pharmacology in Parasitic Diseases. Bangkok: Thai Wattana Panich, 65–71.
Karbwang J, Na-Bangchang K, Congpuong K, Molunto P, Thanavibul A, 1997. Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral and intramuscular artemether. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 52 :307–310.
Food and Drug Administration, 1992. FDA Guidance: Statistical Procedures for Bioequivalence Studies Using a Standard Two-Treatment Cross-Over Design. Washington, DC: Food and Drug Administration.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 638 | 593 | 44 |
| Full Text Views | 300 | 8 | 2 |
| PDF Downloads | 76 | 8 | 2 |
