Author:
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-
1
Soave R, Johnson WD, 1988. Cryptosporidium and Isospora belli infections. J Infect Dis 157 :225–229.
-
2
Macallan DC, Noble C, Baldwin C, Jebb SA, Prentice AM, Coward WA, Sawyer MB, McManus TJ, Griffin GE, 1995. Energy expenditure and wasting in human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 333 :83–88.
-
3
Weber R, Ledergerber B, Zhinden R, Altwegg M, Pfyffer GE, Spycher MA, Briner J, Kaiser L, Opravil M, Mayenberger C, Flepp M, 1999. Enteric infections and diarrhea in human immunodeficiency virus infected persons: prospective community-based cohort study. Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Arch Intern Med 159 :1473–1480.
-
4
Kartalija M, Sande M, 1999. Diarrhea and AIDS in the era of highly active anti-retoviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 28 :701–707.
-
5
Nuñez L, Arenas A, Comegna M, Guzmán M, 1999. Diarreas parasitarias en pacientes con infección por VIH. Rev Panam Infectología 3 :10–16.
-
6
Henricksen SA, Pohlenz JFL, 1981. Staining of Cryptosporidia by a modified Ziehl Neelsen technique. Acta Vet Scand 22 :594–596.
-
7
Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 1991. 12th edition. Volume 1. New York: McGraw-Gill. International Edition. Appendix A-10.
-
8
Cimerman S, Cimerman B, Lewi DS, 1999. Avaliacao da relacao entre parasitoses intestinais e factores de risco para o HIV em pacientes com AIDS (Evaluation of the relationship between of intestinal parasitotes and risk factors for HIV infection in AIDS patients). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 32 :181–185.
-
9
Punpoowung B, Viriyavejakul P, Riganti M, Pongponarah E, Chaisri U, Maneerat Y, 1998. Opportunistic protozoa in stool samples from HIV infected patients. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Healh 29 :31–34.
-
10
Prasad KN, Nag VL, Dhole TN, Ayyagari AA, 2000. Identification of enteric pathogens in HIV positive patients with diarrhea in northern India. J Health Popul Nutr 18 :23–26.
-
11
Navin TR, Weber R, Vugia DJ, Rimlan D, Roberts JM, Addis DG, Visvesvara GS, Wahlquist SP, Hogan SE, Gallager LE, Juranek DD, Schartz DA, Wilcox CM, Stewart JM, Thompson SE III, Bryan RT, 1999. Declining CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts are associated with increased risk of enteric parasitosis and chronic diarrhea: Results of a 3-year longitudinal study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 20 :154–159.
-
12
Dehowitz J, Pape J, Boncy M, Johnson W, 1986. Clinical manifestations and therapy of Isospora belli infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 315 :87–90.
-
13
Strickland GT, 2000. Hunter’s Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases. Eighth edition. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
-
14
Newman R, Sears C, Moore S, Nataro J, Wuhib T, Agnew D, Guerrant R, Lima A, 1999. Longitudinal study of Cryptosporidium infection in children in northeastern Brazil. J Infect Dis 180 :167–175.
-
15
Dos Santos JI, Vituri CL, 1996. Some hematimetric findings in human Giardia lamblia infection. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 38 :91–95.
-
16
Di Prisco MC, Hagel I, Lynch NR, 1998. Association between giardiasis and allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 81 :261–265.
-
17
Formal SB, Hale TL, Sansonetti PJ, 1983. Invasive enteric pathogens. Rev Infect Dis (Suppl 4):S702–S707.
-
18
Malvy D, Thiebaut R, Marimoutou C, Dabis F, and the Groupe d‘Epidémiologique Clinique du SIDA en Aquitaine, 2001. J Am Coll Nutr 20 :609–615.
-
19
Gilquin B, Marchandise X, 1997. Composition corporelle au cours de l‘infection à VIH: physiophatologie, méthodes de mesure et revue des résultats. Rev Med Interne 18 :786–794.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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| Abstract Views | 23 | 23 | 11 |
| Full Text Views | 289 | 108 | 1 |
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ISOSPORIASIS IN VENEZUELAN ADULTS INFECTED WITH HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS: CLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION
GABRIELA CERTAD
GABRIELA CERTAD
Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina J. M. Vargas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, San José, Caracas, Venezuela; Unidad de Investigación Quirúrgica, Hospital Vargas de Caracas, San José, Caracas, Venezuela
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ALEJANDRO ARENAS-PINTO
ALEJANDRO ARENAS-PINTO
Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina J. M. Vargas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, San José, Caracas, Venezuela; Unidad de Investigación Quirúrgica, Hospital Vargas de Caracas, San José, Caracas, Venezuela
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LEONOR POCATERRA
LEONOR POCATERRA
Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina J. M. Vargas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, San José, Caracas, Venezuela; Unidad de Investigación Quirúrgica, Hospital Vargas de Caracas, San José, Caracas, Venezuela
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GIUSEPPE FERRARA
GIUSEPPE FERRARA
Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina J. M. Vargas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, San José, Caracas, Venezuela; Unidad de Investigación Quirúrgica, Hospital Vargas de Caracas, San José, Caracas, Venezuela
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JULIO CASTRO
JULIO CASTRO
Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina J. M. Vargas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, San José, Caracas, Venezuela; Unidad de Investigación Quirúrgica, Hospital Vargas de Caracas, San José, Caracas, Venezuela
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ANDREINA BELLO
ANDREINA BELLO
Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina J. M. Vargas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, San José, Caracas, Venezuela; Unidad de Investigación Quirúrgica, Hospital Vargas de Caracas, San José, Caracas, Venezuela
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LUZ NÚÑEZ
LUZ NÚÑEZ
Cátedra de Parasitología, Escuela de Medicina J. M. Vargas, Universidad Central de Venezuela, San José, Caracas, Venezuela; Unidad de Investigación Quirúrgica, Hospital Vargas de Caracas, San José, Caracas, Venezuela
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A cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of isosporiasis and its clinical and laboratory pattern in Venezuelan patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (n = 397). At enrollment, they underwent a thorough clinical history and physical examination, and provided stool specimens for the identification of Isospora belli and other parasites. Isospora belli was identified in 56 subjects (14%) and diarrhea, either acute or chronic, was present in 98% of these cases (P < 0.001). Eosinophilia was strongly associated with isosporiasis (P = 0.01). It was also found that the presence of eosinophilia was more common in I. belli-infected patients without weight loss (P < 0.001). Twenty-six (81.25%) subjects with I. belli infection had CD4+ cell counts < 200 cells/mm3 (P = 0.03). In addition, the data and its description shows the association to be < 100 cells/mm3. This infection seems to be seasonal because the recovery of oocysts occurred mainly in months with significant rainfall. In fact, isosporiasis should be suspected in HIV-infected patients from tropical countries with diarrhea, weight loss, eosinophilia, and low CD4+ cell counts.
Author Notes
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
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-
1
Soave R, Johnson WD, 1988. Cryptosporidium and Isospora belli infections. J Infect Dis 157 :225–229.
-
2
Macallan DC, Noble C, Baldwin C, Jebb SA, Prentice AM, Coward WA, Sawyer MB, McManus TJ, Griffin GE, 1995. Energy expenditure and wasting in human immunodeficiency virus infection. N Engl J Med 333 :83–88.
-
3
Weber R, Ledergerber B, Zhinden R, Altwegg M, Pfyffer GE, Spycher MA, Briner J, Kaiser L, Opravil M, Mayenberger C, Flepp M, 1999. Enteric infections and diarrhea in human immunodeficiency virus infected persons: prospective community-based cohort study. Swiss HIV Cohort Study. Arch Intern Med 159 :1473–1480.
-
4
Kartalija M, Sande M, 1999. Diarrhea and AIDS in the era of highly active anti-retoviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis 28 :701–707.
-
5
Nuñez L, Arenas A, Comegna M, Guzmán M, 1999. Diarreas parasitarias en pacientes con infección por VIH. Rev Panam Infectología 3 :10–16.
-
6
Henricksen SA, Pohlenz JFL, 1981. Staining of Cryptosporidia by a modified Ziehl Neelsen technique. Acta Vet Scand 22 :594–596.
-
7
Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 1991. 12th edition. Volume 1. New York: McGraw-Gill. International Edition. Appendix A-10.
-
8
Cimerman S, Cimerman B, Lewi DS, 1999. Avaliacao da relacao entre parasitoses intestinais e factores de risco para o HIV em pacientes com AIDS (Evaluation of the relationship between of intestinal parasitotes and risk factors for HIV infection in AIDS patients). Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 32 :181–185.
-
9
Punpoowung B, Viriyavejakul P, Riganti M, Pongponarah E, Chaisri U, Maneerat Y, 1998. Opportunistic protozoa in stool samples from HIV infected patients. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Healh 29 :31–34.
-
10
Prasad KN, Nag VL, Dhole TN, Ayyagari AA, 2000. Identification of enteric pathogens in HIV positive patients with diarrhea in northern India. J Health Popul Nutr 18 :23–26.
-
11
Navin TR, Weber R, Vugia DJ, Rimlan D, Roberts JM, Addis DG, Visvesvara GS, Wahlquist SP, Hogan SE, Gallager LE, Juranek DD, Schartz DA, Wilcox CM, Stewart JM, Thompson SE III, Bryan RT, 1999. Declining CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts are associated with increased risk of enteric parasitosis and chronic diarrhea: Results of a 3-year longitudinal study. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 20 :154–159.
-
12
Dehowitz J, Pape J, Boncy M, Johnson W, 1986. Clinical manifestations and therapy of Isospora belli infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. N Engl J Med 315 :87–90.
-
13
Strickland GT, 2000. Hunter’s Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases. Eighth edition. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders.
-
14
Newman R, Sears C, Moore S, Nataro J, Wuhib T, Agnew D, Guerrant R, Lima A, 1999. Longitudinal study of Cryptosporidium infection in children in northeastern Brazil. J Infect Dis 180 :167–175.
-
15
Dos Santos JI, Vituri CL, 1996. Some hematimetric findings in human Giardia lamblia infection. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 38 :91–95.
-
16
Di Prisco MC, Hagel I, Lynch NR, 1998. Association between giardiasis and allergy. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 81 :261–265.
-
17
Formal SB, Hale TL, Sansonetti PJ, 1983. Invasive enteric pathogens. Rev Infect Dis (Suppl 4):S702–S707.
-
18
Malvy D, Thiebaut R, Marimoutou C, Dabis F, and the Groupe d‘Epidémiologique Clinique du SIDA en Aquitaine, 2001. J Am Coll Nutr 20 :609–615.
-
19
Gilquin B, Marchandise X, 1997. Composition corporelle au cours de l‘infection à VIH: physiophatologie, méthodes de mesure et revue des résultats. Rev Med Interne 18 :786–794.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 23 | 23 | 11 |
| Full Text Views | 289 | 108 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 46 | 17 | 0 |