Authors:
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-
1
Miyazaki I, 1991. Section III. Nematode Zoonoses. 33. Gnathostomiasis. An Illustrated Book of Helminthic Zoonoses. Tokyo: International Medical Foundation of Japan, 368–409.
-
2
Rusnak JM, Lucey DR, 1993. Clinical gnathostomiasis: case report and review of the English-language literature. Clin Infect Dis 16 :33–50.
-
3
McCarthy J, Moore TA, 2000. Emerging helminth zoonoses. Int J Parasitol 30 :1351–1360.
-
4
Nawa Y, 1991. Historical review and current status of gnathostomiasis in Asia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 22 (Suppl):217–219.
-
5
Gyi K, 1960. Intra-ocular gnathostomiasis. Br J Ophthalmol 44 :42–45.
-
6
Khin T, 1968. Intra-ocular gnathostomiasis. Br J Ophthalmol 52 :57–60.
-
7
Lee SH, Hong ST, Chai JY, 1988. Description of a male Gnathostoma spinigerum recovered from a Thai woman with meningoencephalitis. Korean J Parasitol 26 :33–38.
-
8
Kim YK, 1973. A study on Gnathostoma. 1. An investigation into the geographical distribution of larvae on the second-third stage in Gyengsang Nam do. Bull Pusan Natl Univ 15 :111–116.
-
9
Sohn WM, Lee SH, 1998. The first discovery of larval Gnathostoma hispidum (Nematoda: Gnathostomidae) from a snake host, Agkistrodon brevicaudus. Korean J Parasitol 36 :81–89.
-
10
Sohn WM, Kho WG, Lee SH, 1993. Larval Gnathostoma nipponicum found in the imported Chinese loaches. Korean J Parasitol 31 :347–352.
-
11
Sohn WM, Lee SH, 1996. Identification of larval Gnathostoma obtained from imported Chinese loaches. Korean J Parasitol 34 :161–167.
-
12
Diaz Camacho SP, Zazueta Ramos M, Ponce Torrecillas E, Osuna Ramirez I, Castro Velazquez R, Flores Gaxiola A, Baquera Heredia J, Willms K, Akahane H, Ogata K, Nawa Y, 1998. Clinical manifestations and immunodiagnosis of gnathostomiasis in Culiacan, Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :908–915.
-
13
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ, 1951. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193 :265–275.
-
14
Miyazaki I, Ishii Y, 1952. On a gnathostome larva encysted in the muscle of a salamander, Hynobius. Acta Med (Fukuoka) 22 :467–473.
-
15
Koga M, Ishibashi J, Ishii Y, Hasegawa H, Choi DW, Lo TY, 1985. Morphology and experimental infections of gnathostome larvae from imported loaches, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Jpn J Parasitol 34 :361–370.
-
16
Nomura Y, Nagakura K, Kagei N, Tsutsumi Y, Araki K, Sugawara M, 2000. Gnathostomiasis possibly caused by Gnathostoma malaysiae. Tokai J Exp Clin Med 25 :1–6.
-
17
Suntharassamai P, Desakorn V, Migasena S, Bunnag D, Harinasuta T, 1985. ELISA for immunodiagnosis of human gnathostomiasis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 16 :274–279.
-
18
Dharmkrong-at A, Migasena S, Suntharasamai P, Bunnang D, Priwan R, Sirisinha S, 1986. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody to Gnathostoma antigen in patients with intermittent cutaneous migratory swelling. J Clin Microbiol 23 :847–851.
-
19
Tada I, Araki T, Matsuda H, Araki K, Akahane H, Mimori T, 1987. A study on immunodiagnosis of gnathostomiasis by ELISA and double diffusion with special reference to the antigenicity of Gnathostoma doloresi. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 18 :444–448.
-
20
Anantaphruti MT, 1989. ELISA for diagnosis of gnathostomiasis using antigens from Gnathostoma doloresi and G. spinigerum. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 20 :297–304.
-
21
Almeyda-Artigas RJ, Bargues MD, Mas-Coma S, 2000. ITS-2 rDNA sequencing of Gnathostoma species (Nematoda) and elucidation of the species causing human gnathostomiasis in the Americas. J Parasitol 86 :537–544.
-
22
Kraivichian P, Kulkumthorn M, Yingyourd P, Akarabovorn P, Paireepai CC, 1992. Albendazole for the treatment of human gnathostomiasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86 :418–421.
-
23
Nontasut P, Bussaratid V, Chullawichit S, Charoensook N, Visetsuk K, 2000. Comparison of ivermectin and albendazole treatment for gnathostomiasis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 31 :374–377.
-
24
Addiss DG, Beach MJ, Streit TG, Lutwick S, LeConte FH, Lafontant JG, Hightower AW, Lammie PJ, 1997. Randomised placebo-controlled comparison of ivermectin and albendazole alone and in combination for Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemia in Haitian children. Lancet 350 :480–484.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 414 | 336 | 126 |
| Full Text Views | 1011 | 13 | 3 |
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AN OUTBREAK OF GNATHOSTOMIASIS AMONG KOREAN EMIGRANTS IN MYANMAR
JONG-YIL CHAI
JONG-YIL CHAI
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chunchon, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Embassy of Japan, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Parasitology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
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EUN-TAEK HAN
EUN-TAEK HAN
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chunchon, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Embassy of Japan, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Parasitology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
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EUN-HEE SHIN
EUN-HEE SHIN
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chunchon, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Embassy of Japan, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Parasitology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
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JAE-HWAN PARK
JAE-HWAN PARK
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chunchon, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Embassy of Japan, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Parasitology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
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JONG-PHIL CHU
JONG-PHIL CHU
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chunchon, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Embassy of Japan, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Parasitology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
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MASAKI HIROTA
MASAKI HIROTA
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chunchon, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Embassy of Japan, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Parasitology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
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FUKUMI NAKAMURA-UCHIYAMA
FUKUMI NAKAMURA-UCHIYAMA
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chunchon, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Embassy of Japan, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Parasitology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
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YUKIFUMI NAWA
YUKIFUMI NAWA
Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, and Institute of Endemic Diseases, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, Kangwon National University College of Medicine, Chunchon, Republic of Korea; Department of Parasitology, College of Medicine, Kyunghee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Embassy of Japan, Washington, District of Columbia; Department of Parasitology, Miyazaki Medical College, Kiyotake, Miyazaki, Japan
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Thirty-eight (designated as cases) of 60 Korean emigrants who consumed raw fresh water fish in Yangon, Myanmar developed migratory swellings and creeping eruptions on the back, abdomen, flank, and other cutaneous areas 1–10 weeks later. The symptoms included itching, nodule formation, fatigue, urticaria, fever, pain on the skin, and erythematous plaques. Skin biopsies of two cases revealed no parasites. However, the mean ± SD peripheral blood eosinophilia among the cases was 6.3 ± 6.5% (n = 29) and 9.0 ± 9.8% (n = 26) in two examinations. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of their serum samples, using Gnathostoma doloresi adult worms as the antigen, showed mean ± SD optical densities of 0.47 ± 0.29 (n = 28) and 0.32 ± 0.20 (n = 30) in two examinations and 0.12 ± 0.09 (n = 50) in healthy controls. Two advanced third-stage larvae of G. spinigerum were found in two of six catfish purchased at a local market in Yangon. The outbreak of the human infection is suggested to have been due to G. spinigerum, which is known to live out its life cycle in the Yangon area of Myanmar.
Author Notes
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Reference Manager
BibTeX
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-
1
Miyazaki I, 1991. Section III. Nematode Zoonoses. 33. Gnathostomiasis. An Illustrated Book of Helminthic Zoonoses. Tokyo: International Medical Foundation of Japan, 368–409.
-
2
Rusnak JM, Lucey DR, 1993. Clinical gnathostomiasis: case report and review of the English-language literature. Clin Infect Dis 16 :33–50.
-
3
McCarthy J, Moore TA, 2000. Emerging helminth zoonoses. Int J Parasitol 30 :1351–1360.
-
4
Nawa Y, 1991. Historical review and current status of gnathostomiasis in Asia. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 22 (Suppl):217–219.
-
5
Gyi K, 1960. Intra-ocular gnathostomiasis. Br J Ophthalmol 44 :42–45.
-
6
Khin T, 1968. Intra-ocular gnathostomiasis. Br J Ophthalmol 52 :57–60.
-
7
Lee SH, Hong ST, Chai JY, 1988. Description of a male Gnathostoma spinigerum recovered from a Thai woman with meningoencephalitis. Korean J Parasitol 26 :33–38.
-
8
Kim YK, 1973. A study on Gnathostoma. 1. An investigation into the geographical distribution of larvae on the second-third stage in Gyengsang Nam do. Bull Pusan Natl Univ 15 :111–116.
-
9
Sohn WM, Lee SH, 1998. The first discovery of larval Gnathostoma hispidum (Nematoda: Gnathostomidae) from a snake host, Agkistrodon brevicaudus. Korean J Parasitol 36 :81–89.
-
10
Sohn WM, Kho WG, Lee SH, 1993. Larval Gnathostoma nipponicum found in the imported Chinese loaches. Korean J Parasitol 31 :347–352.
-
11
Sohn WM, Lee SH, 1996. Identification of larval Gnathostoma obtained from imported Chinese loaches. Korean J Parasitol 34 :161–167.
-
12
Diaz Camacho SP, Zazueta Ramos M, Ponce Torrecillas E, Osuna Ramirez I, Castro Velazquez R, Flores Gaxiola A, Baquera Heredia J, Willms K, Akahane H, Ogata K, Nawa Y, 1998. Clinical manifestations and immunodiagnosis of gnathostomiasis in Culiacan, Mexico. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :908–915.
-
13
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ, 1951. Protein measurement with the folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193 :265–275.
-
14
Miyazaki I, Ishii Y, 1952. On a gnathostome larva encysted in the muscle of a salamander, Hynobius. Acta Med (Fukuoka) 22 :467–473.
-
15
Koga M, Ishibashi J, Ishii Y, Hasegawa H, Choi DW, Lo TY, 1985. Morphology and experimental infections of gnathostome larvae from imported loaches, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Jpn J Parasitol 34 :361–370.
-
16
Nomura Y, Nagakura K, Kagei N, Tsutsumi Y, Araki K, Sugawara M, 2000. Gnathostomiasis possibly caused by Gnathostoma malaysiae. Tokai J Exp Clin Med 25 :1–6.
-
17
Suntharassamai P, Desakorn V, Migasena S, Bunnag D, Harinasuta T, 1985. ELISA for immunodiagnosis of human gnathostomiasis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 16 :274–279.
-
18
Dharmkrong-at A, Migasena S, Suntharasamai P, Bunnang D, Priwan R, Sirisinha S, 1986. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of antibody to Gnathostoma antigen in patients with intermittent cutaneous migratory swelling. J Clin Microbiol 23 :847–851.
-
19
Tada I, Araki T, Matsuda H, Araki K, Akahane H, Mimori T, 1987. A study on immunodiagnosis of gnathostomiasis by ELISA and double diffusion with special reference to the antigenicity of Gnathostoma doloresi. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 18 :444–448.
-
20
Anantaphruti MT, 1989. ELISA for diagnosis of gnathostomiasis using antigens from Gnathostoma doloresi and G. spinigerum. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 20 :297–304.
-
21
Almeyda-Artigas RJ, Bargues MD, Mas-Coma S, 2000. ITS-2 rDNA sequencing of Gnathostoma species (Nematoda) and elucidation of the species causing human gnathostomiasis in the Americas. J Parasitol 86 :537–544.
-
22
Kraivichian P, Kulkumthorn M, Yingyourd P, Akarabovorn P, Paireepai CC, 1992. Albendazole for the treatment of human gnathostomiasis. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 86 :418–421.
-
23
Nontasut P, Bussaratid V, Chullawichit S, Charoensook N, Visetsuk K, 2000. Comparison of ivermectin and albendazole treatment for gnathostomiasis. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 31 :374–377.
-
24
Addiss DG, Beach MJ, Streit TG, Lutwick S, LeConte FH, Lafontant JG, Hightower AW, Lammie PJ, 1997. Randomised placebo-controlled comparison of ivermectin and albendazole alone and in combination for Wuchereria bancrofti microfilaraemia in Haitian children. Lancet 350 :480–484.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 414 | 336 | 126 |
| Full Text Views | 1011 | 13 | 3 |
| PDF Downloads | 630 | 15 | 2 |