DāAlessandro U, Olaleye BO, McGuire W, Langerock P, Bennett S, Aikins MK, Thompson MC, Cham MK, Greenwood BM, 1995. Mortality and morbidity from malaria in Gambian children after introduction of an impregnated bednet programme. Lancet 345 :479ā483.
Binka FN, Kubaje A, Adjuik M, Williams LA, Lengeler C, Maude GH, Armah GE, Kajihara B, Adiamah JH, Smith PG, 1996. Impact of permethrin-impregnated bednets on child mortality in Kassena-Nankana District, Ghana: A randomized-controlled trial. Trop Med Int Hlth 1 :147ā154.
Nevill CG, Some ES, Mungāala VO, Mutemi W, New L, Marsh K, Lengeler C, Snow RW, 1996. Insecticide treated bednets reduce mortality and severe morbidity from malaria among children on the Kenyan coast. Trop Med Int Hlth 1 :139ā146.
Habluetzel A, Diallo DA, Esposito F, Lamizana L, Pagnoni F, Lengeler C, TraoreĢ C, Cousens SN, 1997. Do insecticide-treated curtains reduce all-cause mortality in Burkina Faso? Trop Med Int Hlth 2 :855ā862.
Lengeler C, 1998. Insecticide Treated Bednets and Curtains for Malaria Control (Cochrane Review). Oxford, United Kingdom: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3. Update Software.
Phillips-Howard PA, Nahlen BL, Kolczak MS, Hightower AW, ter Kuile FO, Alaii JA, Gimnig JE, Arudo J, Vulule JM, Odhacha A, Kachur SP, Schoute E, Rosen DH, Sexton JD, Oloo AJ, Hawley WA, 2003. Efficacy of permethrin-treated bed nets in the prevention of mortality in young children in an area of high perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):23ā29.
ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Phillips-Howard PA, Hawley WA, Friedman JF, Kolczak MS, Kariuki SK, Shi YP, Kwena AM, Vulule JM, Nahlen BL, 2003. Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on malaria and all cause morbidity in young children in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya: cross-sectional survey. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):100ā107.
Phillips-Howard PA, Nahlen BL, Wannemuehler KA, Kolczak MS, ter Kuile FO, Gimnig JE, Alaii JA, Odhacha A, Vulule JM, Hawley WA, 2003. Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on the incidence of sick child visits to peripheral health facilities. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):38ā43.
Kariuki SK, Lal AA, Terlouw DJ, ter Kuile FO, Ongāecha JMO, Phillips-Howard PA, Orago ASS, Kolczak MS, Hawley WA, Nahlen BL, Shi YP, 2003. Effects of permethrin-treated bed nets on immunity to malaria in western Kenya. II. Antibody responses in young children in an area of intense malaria transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):108ā114.
ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Phillips-Howard PA, Hawley WA, Friedman JF, Kariuki SK, Shi YP, Kolczak MS, Lal AA, Vulule JM, Nahlen BL, 2003. Reduction of malaria during pregnancy by permethrin-treated bed nets in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):50ā60.
ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Kariuki SK, Phillips-Howard PA, Mirel LB, Hawley WA, Friedman JF, Shi YP, Kolczak MS, Lal AA, Vulule JM, Nahlen BL, 2003. Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on malaria, anemia and growth in infants in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):68ā77.
Kariuki SK, ter Kuile FO, Wannemuehler KA, Terlouw DJ, Kolczak MS, Hawley WA, Phillips-Howard PA, Orago ASS, Nahlen BL, Lal AA, Shi YP, 2003. Effects of permethrin-treated bed nets on immunity to malaria in western Kenya. I. Antibody responses in pregnant women and cord blood in an area of intense malaria transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):61ā67.
Gimnig JE, Vulule JM, Lo TQ, Kamau L, Kolczak MS, Phillips-Howard PA, Mathenge EM, ter Kuile FO, Nahlen BL, Hightower AW, Hawley WA, 2003. Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on entomologic indices in an area of intense year-round malaria transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):16ā22.
Alaii JA, Hawley WA, Kolczak MS, ter Kuile FO, Gimnig JE, Vulule JM, Odhacha A, Oloo AJ, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Factors affecting the use of permethrin treated bed nets during a randomized controlled trial in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):137ā141.
Meltzer MI, Terlouw DJ, Kolczak MS, Odhacha A, ter Kuile FO, Vulule JM, Alaii JA, Nahlen BL, Hawley WA, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. The household-level economics of using permethrin-treated bed nets to prevent malaria in children less than five years of age. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):149ā160.
Hawley WA, Phillips-Howard PA, ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Vulule JM, Ombok M, Nahlen BL, Gimnig JE, Kariuki SK, Kolczak MS, Hightower AW, 2003. Community-wide effects of permethrin-treated bed nets on child mortality and malaria morbidity in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):121ā127.
Wiseman V, Hawley WA, ter Kuile FO, Phillips-Howard PA, Vulule JM, Nahlen BL, Mills AJ, 2003. The cost-effectiveness of permethrin-treated bed nets in an area of intense malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):161ā167.
Gimnig JE, Kolczak MS, Hightower AW, Vulule JM, Schoute E, Kamau L, Phillips-Howard PA, ter Kuile FO, Nahlen BL, Hawley WA, 2003. Effect of permethrin-treated bed nets on the spatial distribution of malaria vectors in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):115ā120.
Bloland PB, Ruebush TK, McCormick JB, Ayisi J, Boriga DA, Oloo AJ, Beach R, Hawley WA, Lal A, Nahlen B, Udhayakumar V, Campbell CC, 1999. Longitudinal cohort study of the epidemiology of malaria infections in an area of intense malaria transmission. I. Description of study site, general methodology, and study population. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60 :635ā640.
Government of Kenya, 1994. Kenya Population Census, 1989. Volume I. Nairobi: Central Bureau of Statistics, Office of the Vice President, Ministry of Planning and National Development, Government Printers.
Phillips-Howard PA, Nahlen BL, Alaii JA, ter Kuile FO, Gimnig JE, Terlouw DJ, Kachur SP, Hightower AW, Lal AA, Schoute E, Oloo AJ, Hawley WA, 2003. The efficacy of permethrin-treated bed nets on child mortality and morbidity in western Kenya. I: development of infrastructure and description of study site. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):3ā9.
Alaii JA, van den Borne S, Kachur SP, Shelley K, Mwenesi H, Vulule JM, Hawley WA, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Community reactions to the introduction of permethrin-treated bed nets during a randomized controlled trial in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):128ā136.
Alaii JA, van den Borne HW, Kachur SP, Mwenesi H, Vulule JM, Hawley WA, Meltzer MI, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Perceptions of bed nets and malaria prevention before and after a randomized controlled trial of bed nets in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):142ā148.
Schulman CE, Dorman EK, Talisuna AO, Lowe BS, Nevill C, Snow RW, Jilo H, Peshu N, Bulmer JN, Graham S, Marsh K, 1998. A community randomized controlled trial of insecticide-treated bednets for the prevention of malaria and anemia among primigravid women on the Kenyan coast. Trop Med Int Hlth 3 :197ā204.
DāAlessandro U, Langerock P, Bennett S, Francis N, Cham K, Greenwood BM, 1996. The impact of a national impregnated bed net programme on the outcome of pregnancy in primigravidae in The Gambia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 90 :487ā492.
Browne EN, Maude GH, Binka FN, 2001. The impact of insecticide-treated bednets on malaria and anaemia in pregnancy in Kassena-Nankana district, Ghana: a randomized controlled trial. Trop Med Int Health 6 :667ā676.
Schellenberg JR, Abdulla S, Minja H, Nathan R, Mukasa O, Marchant T, Mponda H, Kikumbih N, Lyimo E, Manchester T, Tanner M, Lengeler C, 1999. KINET: a social marketing programme of treated nets and net treatment for malaria control in Tanzania, with evaluation of child health and long-term survival. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 3 :225ā231.
Schellenberg JR, Abdulla S, Nathan R, Mukasa O, Marchant T, Kikumbih N, Mushi AK, Mponda H, Minja H, Mshinda H, Tanner M, Lengeler C, 2001. Effect of large-scale social marketing of insecticide-treated nets on child survival in rural Tanzania. Lancet 357 :1241ā1247.
Lengeler C, Snow RW, 1996. From efficacy to effectiveness: insecticide-treated bednets in Africa. Bull World Health Organ 74 :325ā332.
Kirkwood BR, Cousens SN, Victora CG, de Zoysa I, 1997. Issues in the design and interpretation of studies to evaluate the impact of community-based interventions. Trop Med Int Health 2 :1022ā1029.
Arudo J, Gimnig JE, ter Kuile FO, Kachur SP, Slutsker L, Kolczak MS, Hawley WA, Orago ASS, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Comparison of government statistics and demographic surveillance to monitor mortality in children less than five years old in rural western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):30ā37.
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This paper describes the study design and methods used in a large community-based, group-randomized, controlled trial of permethrin-treated bed nets (ITNs) in an area with intense, perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya conducted between 1996 and 1999. A multi-disciplinary framework was used to explore the efficacy of ITNs in the reduction of all-cause mortality in children less than five years old, the clinical, entomologic, immunologic, and economic impact of ITNs, the social and behavioral determinants of ITN use, and the use of a geographic information system to allow for spatial analyses of these outcomes. Methodologic difficulties encountered in such large-scale field trials are discussed.
DāAlessandro U, Olaleye BO, McGuire W, Langerock P, Bennett S, Aikins MK, Thompson MC, Cham MK, Greenwood BM, 1995. Mortality and morbidity from malaria in Gambian children after introduction of an impregnated bednet programme. Lancet 345 :479ā483.
Binka FN, Kubaje A, Adjuik M, Williams LA, Lengeler C, Maude GH, Armah GE, Kajihara B, Adiamah JH, Smith PG, 1996. Impact of permethrin-impregnated bednets on child mortality in Kassena-Nankana District, Ghana: A randomized-controlled trial. Trop Med Int Hlth 1 :147ā154.
Nevill CG, Some ES, Mungāala VO, Mutemi W, New L, Marsh K, Lengeler C, Snow RW, 1996. Insecticide treated bednets reduce mortality and severe morbidity from malaria among children on the Kenyan coast. Trop Med Int Hlth 1 :139ā146.
Habluetzel A, Diallo DA, Esposito F, Lamizana L, Pagnoni F, Lengeler C, TraoreĢ C, Cousens SN, 1997. Do insecticide-treated curtains reduce all-cause mortality in Burkina Faso? Trop Med Int Hlth 2 :855ā862.
Lengeler C, 1998. Insecticide Treated Bednets and Curtains for Malaria Control (Cochrane Review). Oxford, United Kingdom: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3. Update Software.
Phillips-Howard PA, Nahlen BL, Kolczak MS, Hightower AW, ter Kuile FO, Alaii JA, Gimnig JE, Arudo J, Vulule JM, Odhacha A, Kachur SP, Schoute E, Rosen DH, Sexton JD, Oloo AJ, Hawley WA, 2003. Efficacy of permethrin-treated bed nets in the prevention of mortality in young children in an area of high perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):23ā29.
ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Phillips-Howard PA, Hawley WA, Friedman JF, Kolczak MS, Kariuki SK, Shi YP, Kwena AM, Vulule JM, Nahlen BL, 2003. Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on malaria and all cause morbidity in young children in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya: cross-sectional survey. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):100ā107.
Phillips-Howard PA, Nahlen BL, Wannemuehler KA, Kolczak MS, ter Kuile FO, Gimnig JE, Alaii JA, Odhacha A, Vulule JM, Hawley WA, 2003. Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on the incidence of sick child visits to peripheral health facilities. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):38ā43.
Kariuki SK, Lal AA, Terlouw DJ, ter Kuile FO, Ongāecha JMO, Phillips-Howard PA, Orago ASS, Kolczak MS, Hawley WA, Nahlen BL, Shi YP, 2003. Effects of permethrin-treated bed nets on immunity to malaria in western Kenya. II. Antibody responses in young children in an area of intense malaria transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):108ā114.
ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Phillips-Howard PA, Hawley WA, Friedman JF, Kariuki SK, Shi YP, Kolczak MS, Lal AA, Vulule JM, Nahlen BL, 2003. Reduction of malaria during pregnancy by permethrin-treated bed nets in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):50ā60.
ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Kariuki SK, Phillips-Howard PA, Mirel LB, Hawley WA, Friedman JF, Shi YP, Kolczak MS, Lal AA, Vulule JM, Nahlen BL, 2003. Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on malaria, anemia and growth in infants in an area of intense perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):68ā77.
Kariuki SK, ter Kuile FO, Wannemuehler KA, Terlouw DJ, Kolczak MS, Hawley WA, Phillips-Howard PA, Orago ASS, Nahlen BL, Lal AA, Shi YP, 2003. Effects of permethrin-treated bed nets on immunity to malaria in western Kenya. I. Antibody responses in pregnant women and cord blood in an area of intense malaria transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):61ā67.
Gimnig JE, Vulule JM, Lo TQ, Kamau L, Kolczak MS, Phillips-Howard PA, Mathenge EM, ter Kuile FO, Nahlen BL, Hightower AW, Hawley WA, 2003. Impact of permethrin-treated bed nets on entomologic indices in an area of intense year-round malaria transmission. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):16ā22.
Alaii JA, Hawley WA, Kolczak MS, ter Kuile FO, Gimnig JE, Vulule JM, Odhacha A, Oloo AJ, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Factors affecting the use of permethrin treated bed nets during a randomized controlled trial in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):137ā141.
Meltzer MI, Terlouw DJ, Kolczak MS, Odhacha A, ter Kuile FO, Vulule JM, Alaii JA, Nahlen BL, Hawley WA, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. The household-level economics of using permethrin-treated bed nets to prevent malaria in children less than five years of age. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):149ā160.
Hawley WA, Phillips-Howard PA, ter Kuile FO, Terlouw DJ, Vulule JM, Ombok M, Nahlen BL, Gimnig JE, Kariuki SK, Kolczak MS, Hightower AW, 2003. Community-wide effects of permethrin-treated bed nets on child mortality and malaria morbidity in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):121ā127.
Wiseman V, Hawley WA, ter Kuile FO, Phillips-Howard PA, Vulule JM, Nahlen BL, Mills AJ, 2003. The cost-effectiveness of permethrin-treated bed nets in an area of intense malaria transmission in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):161ā167.
Gimnig JE, Kolczak MS, Hightower AW, Vulule JM, Schoute E, Kamau L, Phillips-Howard PA, ter Kuile FO, Nahlen BL, Hawley WA, 2003. Effect of permethrin-treated bed nets on the spatial distribution of malaria vectors in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):115ā120.
Bloland PB, Ruebush TK, McCormick JB, Ayisi J, Boriga DA, Oloo AJ, Beach R, Hawley WA, Lal A, Nahlen B, Udhayakumar V, Campbell CC, 1999. Longitudinal cohort study of the epidemiology of malaria infections in an area of intense malaria transmission. I. Description of study site, general methodology, and study population. Am J Trop Med Hyg 60 :635ā640.
Government of Kenya, 1994. Kenya Population Census, 1989. Volume I. Nairobi: Central Bureau of Statistics, Office of the Vice President, Ministry of Planning and National Development, Government Printers.
Phillips-Howard PA, Nahlen BL, Alaii JA, ter Kuile FO, Gimnig JE, Terlouw DJ, Kachur SP, Hightower AW, Lal AA, Schoute E, Oloo AJ, Hawley WA, 2003. The efficacy of permethrin-treated bed nets on child mortality and morbidity in western Kenya. I: development of infrastructure and description of study site. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):3ā9.
Alaii JA, van den Borne S, Kachur SP, Shelley K, Mwenesi H, Vulule JM, Hawley WA, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Community reactions to the introduction of permethrin-treated bed nets during a randomized controlled trial in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):128ā136.
Alaii JA, van den Borne HW, Kachur SP, Mwenesi H, Vulule JM, Hawley WA, Meltzer MI, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Perceptions of bed nets and malaria prevention before and after a randomized controlled trial of bed nets in western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):142ā148.
Schulman CE, Dorman EK, Talisuna AO, Lowe BS, Nevill C, Snow RW, Jilo H, Peshu N, Bulmer JN, Graham S, Marsh K, 1998. A community randomized controlled trial of insecticide-treated bednets for the prevention of malaria and anemia among primigravid women on the Kenyan coast. Trop Med Int Hlth 3 :197ā204.
DāAlessandro U, Langerock P, Bennett S, Francis N, Cham K, Greenwood BM, 1996. The impact of a national impregnated bed net programme on the outcome of pregnancy in primigravidae in The Gambia. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 90 :487ā492.
Browne EN, Maude GH, Binka FN, 2001. The impact of insecticide-treated bednets on malaria and anaemia in pregnancy in Kassena-Nankana district, Ghana: a randomized controlled trial. Trop Med Int Health 6 :667ā676.
Schellenberg JR, Abdulla S, Minja H, Nathan R, Mukasa O, Marchant T, Mponda H, Kikumbih N, Lyimo E, Manchester T, Tanner M, Lengeler C, 1999. KINET: a social marketing programme of treated nets and net treatment for malaria control in Tanzania, with evaluation of child health and long-term survival. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 3 :225ā231.
Schellenberg JR, Abdulla S, Nathan R, Mukasa O, Marchant T, Kikumbih N, Mushi AK, Mponda H, Minja H, Mshinda H, Tanner M, Lengeler C, 2001. Effect of large-scale social marketing of insecticide-treated nets on child survival in rural Tanzania. Lancet 357 :1241ā1247.
Lengeler C, Snow RW, 1996. From efficacy to effectiveness: insecticide-treated bednets in Africa. Bull World Health Organ 74 :325ā332.
Kirkwood BR, Cousens SN, Victora CG, de Zoysa I, 1997. Issues in the design and interpretation of studies to evaluate the impact of community-based interventions. Trop Med Int Health 2 :1022ā1029.
Arudo J, Gimnig JE, ter Kuile FO, Kachur SP, Slutsker L, Kolczak MS, Hawley WA, Orago ASS, Nahlen BL, Phillips-Howard PA, 2003. Comparison of government statistics and demographic surveillance to monitor mortality in children less than five years old in rural western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 68 (Suppl 4):30ā37.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 37 | 38 | 12 |
Full Text Views | 442 | 138 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 60 | 26 | 0 |