Fox I, 1961. Resistance of Aedes aegypti to certain chlorinated hydrocarbon and organophosphorus insecticides in Puerto Rico. Bull World Health Organ 24 :489–494.
Mouchet J, 1967. La résistance aux insecticides chez Aedes aegypti et les espèces voisines. Bull World Health Organ 36 :569–577.
World Health Organization, 1992. Vector Resistance to Pesticides. Fifteenth Report of the WHO Expert Committee on Vector Biology and Control. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Ministério da Saúde, 1968. Endemias Rurais - Métodos de Trabalho Adotados pelo DNERu. Departamento Nacional de Endemias Rurais.
Silveira AC, 1998. Dengue: aspectos epidemiológicos e de controle. Rev Bras Med Trop 31 (suppl II):5–14.
Pontes RJS, Ruffino-Netto A, 1994. Dengue em localidade urbana da região sudeste do Brasil: aspectos epidemiológicos. Rev Saude Publica 28 :218–227.
Macoris MLG, Camargo MF, Silva IG, Takaku L, Andrighetti MT, 1995. Modificação da suscetibilidade de Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti ao temephos. Rev Pat Trop 24 :31–40.
Macoris MLG, Andrighetti MTM, Takaku L, Glasser CM, Garbeloto VC, Cirino VCB, 1999. Alteration in susceptibility response of Aedes aegypti to organophosphates in cities in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 33 :521–522.
World Health Organization, 1981. Instructions for Determining the Susceptibility or Resistance of Mosquito Larvae to Insecticides. Geneva: World Health Organization, WHO/VBC/81.807.
Brogdon WG, McAllister JC, 1998. Simplification of adult mosquito bioassays through use of time-mortality determinations in glass bottles. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 14 :159–164.
Fay RW, Eliason DA, 1966. A preferred oviposition site as a surveillance method for Aedes aegypti. Mosq News 26 :531–535.
Reiter P, Amador MA, Colon N, 1991. Enhancement of the CDC ovitrap with hay infusions for daily monitoring of Aedes aegypti populations. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 7 :52–54.
Braga IA, Gomes AC, Nelson M, Mello RCG, Bergamaschi DP, Souza JMP, 2000. Comparative study between larval surveys and ovitraps to monitor populations of Aedes aegypti.Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 33 :347–353.
Fundação Nacional de Saúde, 1999. Reunião Técnica para Discutir Status de Resistência de Aedes aegypti e Definir Estratégias a Serem Implantadas para Monitoramento da Resistência no Brasil. Brasília, Brazil.
McAllister J, Brogdon W, 1999. The bottle bioassay for measuring resistance. Wing Beats 10 :18–21.
Davidson G, Zahar AR, 1973. The practical implications of resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides. Bull World Health Organ 49 :475–483.
Ferrari JA, 1996. Insecticide resistance. Beaty BJ, Marquardt WC, eds. The Biology of Disease Vectors. Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 512–529.
Rawlins SC, Wan JOH, 1995. Resistance in some Caribbean populations of Aedes aegypti to several insecticides. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 11 :59–65.
Consoli RAGB, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R 1994. Principais Mosquitos de Importância Sanitária no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: FIOCRUZ.
Ministério da Saúde, 1999. Manual de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Febre Amarela. Brasília, Brazil: Fundação Nacional de Saúde.
Nogueira RMR, Miagostovich MP, Schatzmayr HG, Santos SB, Araújo ESM, Filippis AMB, Souza RV, Zagne SMO, Nicolai C, Baran M, Teixeira-Filho G, 1999. Dengue in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1986–1998. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 94 :297–304.
Nogueira RMR, Miagostovich MP, Filippis AMB, Pereira MAS, Schatzmayr HG, 2001. Dengue virus type 3 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 96 :925–926.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 592 | 518 | 11 |
Full Text Views | 578 | 13 | 1 |
PDF Downloads | 140 | 9 | 0 |
Chemical insecticides have been widely used in Brazil for several years. This exposes mosquito populations to an intense selection pressure for resistance to insecticides. In 1999, the Brazilian National Health Foundation started the first program designed to monitor the resistance of Aedes aegypti to insecticides. We analyzed populations from 10 municipalities (from 84 selected in Brazil) in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo. Exposure of larvae to a diagnostic dose of temephos showed in alterations in susceptibility in all populations. Mosquitoes from eight municipalities exhibited resistance, with mortality levels ranging from 74% (Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro) to 23.5% (São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro). The resistance ratios of mosquitoes from three municipalities ranged from 3.59 to 12.41. Adults from only one municipality (Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro) remained susceptible to both fenitrothion and malathion. These results are being used to define new local vector control strategies.
Fox I, 1961. Resistance of Aedes aegypti to certain chlorinated hydrocarbon and organophosphorus insecticides in Puerto Rico. Bull World Health Organ 24 :489–494.
Mouchet J, 1967. La résistance aux insecticides chez Aedes aegypti et les espèces voisines. Bull World Health Organ 36 :569–577.
World Health Organization, 1992. Vector Resistance to Pesticides. Fifteenth Report of the WHO Expert Committee on Vector Biology and Control. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Ministério da Saúde, 1968. Endemias Rurais - Métodos de Trabalho Adotados pelo DNERu. Departamento Nacional de Endemias Rurais.
Silveira AC, 1998. Dengue: aspectos epidemiológicos e de controle. Rev Bras Med Trop 31 (suppl II):5–14.
Pontes RJS, Ruffino-Netto A, 1994. Dengue em localidade urbana da região sudeste do Brasil: aspectos epidemiológicos. Rev Saude Publica 28 :218–227.
Macoris MLG, Camargo MF, Silva IG, Takaku L, Andrighetti MT, 1995. Modificação da suscetibilidade de Aedes (Stegomyia) aegypti ao temephos. Rev Pat Trop 24 :31–40.
Macoris MLG, Andrighetti MTM, Takaku L, Glasser CM, Garbeloto VC, Cirino VCB, 1999. Alteration in susceptibility response of Aedes aegypti to organophosphates in cities in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil. Rev Saude Publica 33 :521–522.
World Health Organization, 1981. Instructions for Determining the Susceptibility or Resistance of Mosquito Larvae to Insecticides. Geneva: World Health Organization, WHO/VBC/81.807.
Brogdon WG, McAllister JC, 1998. Simplification of adult mosquito bioassays through use of time-mortality determinations in glass bottles. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 14 :159–164.
Fay RW, Eliason DA, 1966. A preferred oviposition site as a surveillance method for Aedes aegypti. Mosq News 26 :531–535.
Reiter P, Amador MA, Colon N, 1991. Enhancement of the CDC ovitrap with hay infusions for daily monitoring of Aedes aegypti populations. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 7 :52–54.
Braga IA, Gomes AC, Nelson M, Mello RCG, Bergamaschi DP, Souza JMP, 2000. Comparative study between larval surveys and ovitraps to monitor populations of Aedes aegypti.Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 33 :347–353.
Fundação Nacional de Saúde, 1999. Reunião Técnica para Discutir Status de Resistência de Aedes aegypti e Definir Estratégias a Serem Implantadas para Monitoramento da Resistência no Brasil. Brasília, Brazil.
McAllister J, Brogdon W, 1999. The bottle bioassay for measuring resistance. Wing Beats 10 :18–21.
Davidson G, Zahar AR, 1973. The practical implications of resistance of malaria vectors to insecticides. Bull World Health Organ 49 :475–483.
Ferrari JA, 1996. Insecticide resistance. Beaty BJ, Marquardt WC, eds. The Biology of Disease Vectors. Boulder: University Press of Colorado, 512–529.
Rawlins SC, Wan JOH, 1995. Resistance in some Caribbean populations of Aedes aegypti to several insecticides. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 11 :59–65.
Consoli RAGB, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R 1994. Principais Mosquitos de Importância Sanitária no Brasil. Rio de Janeiro: FIOCRUZ.
Ministério da Saúde, 1999. Manual de Vigilância Epidemiológica da Febre Amarela. Brasília, Brazil: Fundação Nacional de Saúde.
Nogueira RMR, Miagostovich MP, Schatzmayr HG, Santos SB, Araújo ESM, Filippis AMB, Souza RV, Zagne SMO, Nicolai C, Baran M, Teixeira-Filho G, 1999. Dengue in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1986–1998. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 94 :297–304.
Nogueira RMR, Miagostovich MP, Filippis AMB, Pereira MAS, Schatzmayr HG, 2001. Dengue virus type 3 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 96 :925–926.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 592 | 518 | 11 |
Full Text Views | 578 | 13 | 1 |
PDF Downloads | 140 | 9 | 0 |