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-
1
World Health Organization Expert Committee, 1991. Control of Chagas Disease. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 811 :1ā95.
-
2
Storino R, Barragan H, 1994. Epidemiologia. Storino R, Milei J, eds. Enfermedad de Chagas. Madrid: Mosby-Doyma Press, 51ā74.
-
3
Gorla DE, Schofield CJ, 1989. Population dynamics of Triatoma infestans under natural climatic conditions in the Argentine Chaco. Med Vet Entomol 3 :179ā194.
-
4
Kirchhoff L, Gam A, Gilliam F, 1987. American trypanosomiasis (Chagasā disease) in Central American immigrants. Am J Med 82 :915ā920.
-
5
SchmunĢis GA, 1991. Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagasā disease: status in the blood supply in endemic and non-endemic countries. Transfusion 31 :547ā557.
-
6
Mott KE, Miniz TM, Lehman JS Jr, Hoff R, Morrow RH, Oliveira TS, Sherlock IA, Draper CC, 1978. House construction, triatomine distribution and household distribution of seroreactivity to Trypanosoma cruzi in a rural community in northeast Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 27 :1116ā1122.
-
7
GuĢrtler RE, Chuit R, CeĢcere MC, CastanĢera MB, Cohen JE, Segura EL, 1998. Household prevalence of seropositivity for Trypanosoma cruzi in three rural villages in northwest Argentina: environmental, demographic, and entomologic associations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :741ā749.
-
8
GuĢrtler RE, Cohen JE, CeĢcere MC, Lauricella MA, Chuit R, Segura EL, 1998. Influence of humans and domestic animals in the household prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi in Triatoma infestans populations in northwest Argentina. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 :748ā758.
-
9
Basombrio MA, Segovia A, Peralta-Ramos M, Esteban E, Stumpf R, Jurgensen RP, Winkler MA, Sayre K, Ferrer JF, 1999. Endemic Trypanozoma cruzi infection in Indian populations of the Gran Chaco territory of South America. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 93 :41ā48.
-
10
Ferrer JF, Esteban E, Dube S, Basombrio MA, Segovia A, Peralta-Ramos M, Dube D K, Sayre K, Aguayo N, Hengst J, Poiesz BJ, 1996. Endemic infection with the human T lymphotropic virus type IIB in Argentinean and Paraguayan Indians: epidemiology and molecular characterization. J Infect Dis 174 :944ā953.
-
11
Ferrer JF, Jonsson CB, Esteban E, Galligan D, Basombrio MA, Peralta-Ramos M, Bharadwaj M, Torrez-Martinez N, Callahan J, Segovia A, Hjelle B, 1998. High prevalence of hantavirus infection in Indian communities of the Paraguayan and Argentinean Gran Chaco. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 :438ā444.
-
12
Kierszenbaum F, Sztein MB, 1994. Chagasā disease (American trypanosomiasis). Kierszenbaum F, ed. Parasitic Infections and the Immune System. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 53ā85.
-
13
Murphy EL, Glynn SA, Fridey J, Smith JW, Sacher RA, Nass CC, Ownby HE, Wright DJ, Nemo GJ, 1999. Increased incidence of infectious disease during prospective follow-up of human lymphotropic virus type-II-and I-infected blood donors. Arch Intern Med 159 :1485ā1491.
-
14
Murphy EL, Glynn SA, Fridey J, Sacher RA, Smith JW, Wright DJ, Newman B, Gibble JW, Ameti DI, Nass CC, Schreiber GB, Nemo GJ, 1997. Increased prevalence of infectious diseases and other adverse outcomes in human T lymphotropic virus type I-and II-infected blood donors. J Infect Dis 176 :1468ā1475.
-
15
Modahl LE, Young KC, Varney KF, Khayam-Bashi H, Murphy EL, 1997. Injection drug users seropositive for HTLV-II are at increased risk for pneumonia, abscess and lymphoadenopathy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 16 :169ā175.
-
16
Gonzalez LM, Lindsey AE, Hjelle B, Dominguez D, Brown J, Jonsson CB, 2001. Prevalence of antibodies to Sin Nombre virus in humans living in rural areas of southern New Mexico and western Texas. Virus Res 74 :177ā179.
-
17
Allison P, 1999. Logistic Regression Using the SAS System: Theory and Application. Cary NC: SAS Institute, Inc., 31ā78.
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ASSOCIATION AND EPIDEMIOLOGIC FEATURES OF TRYPANOSOMA CRUZI AND HUMAN T CELL LYMPHOTROPIC A VIRUS TYPE II IN INHABITANTS OF THE PARAGUAYAN GRAN CHACO
JORGE F. FERRER
JORGE F. FERRER
New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania; Departamento de VirologiĢa, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina; State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York; Laboratorio de PatologiĢa Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
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EDUARDO ESTEBAN
EDUARDO ESTEBAN
New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania; Departamento de VirologiĢa, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina; State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York; Laboratorio de PatologiĢa Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
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ALICIA MURUA
ALICIA MURUA
New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania; Departamento de VirologiĢa, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina; State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York; Laboratorio de PatologiĢa Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
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SILVINA GUTIERREZ
SILVINA GUTIERREZ
New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania; Departamento de VirologiĢa, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina; State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York; Laboratorio de PatologiĢa Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
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SYAMALIMA DUBE
SYAMALIMA DUBE
New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania; Departamento de VirologiĢa, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina; State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York; Laboratorio de PatologiĢa Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
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BERNARD POIESZ
BERNARD POIESZ
New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania; Departamento de VirologiĢa, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina; State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York; Laboratorio de PatologiĢa Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
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LEONARDO FELDMAN
LEONARDO FELDMAN
New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania; Departamento de VirologiĢa, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina; State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York; Laboratorio de PatologiĢa Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
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MIGUEL A. BASOMBRIO
MIGUEL A. BASOMBRIO
New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania; Departamento de VirologiĢa, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina; State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York; Laboratorio de PatologiĢa Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
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DAVID GALLIGAN
DAVID GALLIGAN
New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, Pennsylvania; Departamento de VirologiĢa, Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, Tandil, Argentina; State University of New York Health Science Center, Syracuse, New York; Laboratorio de PatologiĢa Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Salta, Argentina
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Serologic evidence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection was demonstrated in 43.5% of 519 Paleoamerindians and in only 2.5% of 161 non-Indians (Mennonites of German descent and Paraguayans of Spanish descent) inhabiting an area of western Paraguay that belongs to the Gran Chaco territory. These people ranged in age between two and 80 years. All were also tested for infection with the human T cell lymphotropic virus type II (HTLV-II). The prevalence of HTLV-II infection was 22.1% in Indians and 3.7% in non-Indians. As determined by a multivariate logistic regression analysis that controlled for relevant confounders, an HTLV-II-infected individual was 2.28 times more likely to be seropositive for T. cruzi than an HTLV-II negative. Possible explanations for this finding are discussed. The difference in T. cruzi prevalence between Indians and non-Indians was associated with differences between these groups in exposure to known risk factors for infection with the parasite. There were significant differences in the seroprevalence of T. cruzi among the two predominant Indian groups, even when they inhabited communities that were close to each other. These differences were associated with differences in the prevalence of HTLV-II infection but not with differences in exposure to known risk factors for T. cruzi infection. Infection with T. cruzi increased with age, was greater in males than in females, and clustered in families.
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-
1
World Health Organization Expert Committee, 1991. Control of Chagas Disease. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 811 :1ā95.
-
2
Storino R, Barragan H, 1994. Epidemiologia. Storino R, Milei J, eds. Enfermedad de Chagas. Madrid: Mosby-Doyma Press, 51ā74.
-
3
Gorla DE, Schofield CJ, 1989. Population dynamics of Triatoma infestans under natural climatic conditions in the Argentine Chaco. Med Vet Entomol 3 :179ā194.
-
4
Kirchhoff L, Gam A, Gilliam F, 1987. American trypanosomiasis (Chagasā disease) in Central American immigrants. Am J Med 82 :915ā920.
-
5
SchmunĢis GA, 1991. Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiological agent of Chagasā disease: status in the blood supply in endemic and non-endemic countries. Transfusion 31 :547ā557.
-
6
Mott KE, Miniz TM, Lehman JS Jr, Hoff R, Morrow RH, Oliveira TS, Sherlock IA, Draper CC, 1978. House construction, triatomine distribution and household distribution of seroreactivity to Trypanosoma cruzi in a rural community in northeast Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 27 :1116ā1122.
-
7
GuĢrtler RE, Chuit R, CeĢcere MC, CastanĢera MB, Cohen JE, Segura EL, 1998. Household prevalence of seropositivity for Trypanosoma cruzi in three rural villages in northwest Argentina: environmental, demographic, and entomologic associations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 59 :741ā749.
-
8
GuĢrtler RE, Cohen JE, CeĢcere MC, Lauricella MA, Chuit R, Segura EL, 1998. Influence of humans and domestic animals in the household prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi in Triatoma infestans populations in northwest Argentina. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 :748ā758.
-
9
Basombrio MA, Segovia A, Peralta-Ramos M, Esteban E, Stumpf R, Jurgensen RP, Winkler MA, Sayre K, Ferrer JF, 1999. Endemic Trypanozoma cruzi infection in Indian populations of the Gran Chaco territory of South America. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 93 :41ā48.
-
10
Ferrer JF, Esteban E, Dube S, Basombrio MA, Segovia A, Peralta-Ramos M, Dube D K, Sayre K, Aguayo N, Hengst J, Poiesz BJ, 1996. Endemic infection with the human T lymphotropic virus type IIB in Argentinean and Paraguayan Indians: epidemiology and molecular characterization. J Infect Dis 174 :944ā953.
-
11
Ferrer JF, Jonsson CB, Esteban E, Galligan D, Basombrio MA, Peralta-Ramos M, Bharadwaj M, Torrez-Martinez N, Callahan J, Segovia A, Hjelle B, 1998. High prevalence of hantavirus infection in Indian communities of the Paraguayan and Argentinean Gran Chaco. Am J Trop Med Hyg 58 :438ā444.
-
12
Kierszenbaum F, Sztein MB, 1994. Chagasā disease (American trypanosomiasis). Kierszenbaum F, ed. Parasitic Infections and the Immune System. San Diego, CA: Academic Press, 53ā85.
-
13
Murphy EL, Glynn SA, Fridey J, Smith JW, Sacher RA, Nass CC, Ownby HE, Wright DJ, Nemo GJ, 1999. Increased incidence of infectious disease during prospective follow-up of human lymphotropic virus type-II-and I-infected blood donors. Arch Intern Med 159 :1485ā1491.
-
14
Murphy EL, Glynn SA, Fridey J, Sacher RA, Smith JW, Wright DJ, Newman B, Gibble JW, Ameti DI, Nass CC, Schreiber GB, Nemo GJ, 1997. Increased prevalence of infectious diseases and other adverse outcomes in human T lymphotropic virus type I-and II-infected blood donors. J Infect Dis 176 :1468ā1475.
-
15
Modahl LE, Young KC, Varney KF, Khayam-Bashi H, Murphy EL, 1997. Injection drug users seropositive for HTLV-II are at increased risk for pneumonia, abscess and lymphoadenopathy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 16 :169ā175.
-
16
Gonzalez LM, Lindsey AE, Hjelle B, Dominguez D, Brown J, Jonsson CB, 2001. Prevalence of antibodies to Sin Nombre virus in humans living in rural areas of southern New Mexico and western Texas. Virus Res 74 :177ā179.
-
17
Allison P, 1999. Logistic Regression Using the SAS System: Theory and Application. Cary NC: SAS Institute, Inc., 31ā78.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 16 | 16 | 6 |
| Full Text Views | 220 | 77 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 32 | 15 | 0 |