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1
World Health Organization, 1999. Malaria, 1982–1997. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 74 :265–270.
-
2
Bangali AM, Ataul Huq Mahmood M, Rahman M, 2000. The malaria situation in Bangladesh. Mekong Malaria Forum 6 :16–23.
-
3
Desjardins RE, Canfield CJ, Haynes DM, Chulay JD, 1979. Quantitative assessment of antimalarial activity in vitro by a semi-automated microdilution technique. Antimicrob Agent Chemother 16 :710–718.
-
4
Webster HK, Boudreau EF, Pavanand K, Yongvanitchit K, Pang LW, 1985. Antimalarial drug susceptibility testing of Plasmodium falciparum in Thailand using a microdilution radioisotope method. Am J Trop Med Hyg 34 :228–235.
-
5
Litchfield JT, Wilcoxon F, 1949. A simplified method of evaluating dose-effect experiments. J Pharmac Exp Ther 96 :99–113.
-
6
Rosenberg R, Maheswary NP, 1976. Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Bangladesh. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 70 :533.
-
7
Wongsrichanalai C, Lin K, Pang LW, Faiz MA, Noedl H, Wimonwattrawatee T, Laoboonchai A, Kawamoto F, 2001. In vitro susceptibility of P. falciparum isolates from Myanmar to antimalarial drugs. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :450–455.
-
8
Rahman MR, Hassan MR, Faiz MA, Samad R, Paul B, Jalil MA, 1998. Monitoring efficacy of commonly used antimalarials by a 14-day in-vivo test in a new settler’s camp in endemic zone at Cox’s Bazar. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 24 :67–74.
-
9
Smithuis FM, Monti F, Grundl M, Oo AZ, Kyaw TT, Phe O, White NJ, 1997. Plasmodium falciparum: sensitivity in vivo to chloroquine, pyrimethamine/sufadoxine and mefloquine in western Myanmar. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 91 :468–472.
-
10
Basco LK, Le Bras J, 1993. In vitro activity of artemisinin derivatives against African isolates and clones of Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 49 :301–307.
-
11
Noedl H, Wernsdorfer WH, Krudsood S, Wilairatana P, Viriyavejakul P, Kollaritsch H, Wiedermann G, Looareesuwan S, 2001. An in vivo-in vitro model for the assessment of clinically relevant antimalarial cross-resistance. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :696–699.
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DRUG-RESISTANT MALARIA IN BANGLADESH: AN IN VITRO ASSESSMENT
H. NOEDL
H. NOEDL
U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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M. A. FAIZ
M. A. FAIZ
U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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E. B. YUNUS
E. B. YUNUS
U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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M. R. RAHMAN
M. R. RAHMAN
U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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M. A. HOSSAIN
M. A. HOSSAIN
U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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R. SAMAD
R. SAMAD
U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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R. S. MILLER
R. S. MILLER
U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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L. W. PANG
L. W. PANG
U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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C. WONGSRICHANALAI
C. WONGSRICHANALAI
U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Department of Medicine, Chittagong Medical College, Chittagong, Bangladesh
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Forty-four Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Bangladesh and 22 from western Thailand were successfully tested for their drug susceptibility. High degrees of resistance were observed against chloroquine with geometric mean IC50s of 114.25 120.5 nM, respectively, for Bangladesh and western Thailand. Most isolates from both sites were sensitive to quinine, and all were sensitive to artesunate. Many isolates were considered in vitro resistant to mefloquine, but the geometric mean IC50 for the Thai isolates (98.79 nM) was 1.6 times (P = 0.002) higher than that of isolates from Bangladesh (60.3 nM). The high prevalence of in vitro mefloquine resistance in Bangladesh suggests that close surveillance is necessary to delay widespread multidrug resistant problems in the area.
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-
1
World Health Organization, 1999. Malaria, 1982–1997. Wkly Epidemiol Rec 74 :265–270.
-
2
Bangali AM, Ataul Huq Mahmood M, Rahman M, 2000. The malaria situation in Bangladesh. Mekong Malaria Forum 6 :16–23.
-
3
Desjardins RE, Canfield CJ, Haynes DM, Chulay JD, 1979. Quantitative assessment of antimalarial activity in vitro by a semi-automated microdilution technique. Antimicrob Agent Chemother 16 :710–718.
-
4
Webster HK, Boudreau EF, Pavanand K, Yongvanitchit K, Pang LW, 1985. Antimalarial drug susceptibility testing of Plasmodium falciparum in Thailand using a microdilution radioisotope method. Am J Trop Med Hyg 34 :228–235.
-
5
Litchfield JT, Wilcoxon F, 1949. A simplified method of evaluating dose-effect experiments. J Pharmac Exp Ther 96 :99–113.
-
6
Rosenberg R, Maheswary NP, 1976. Chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum in Bangladesh. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 70 :533.
-
7
Wongsrichanalai C, Lin K, Pang LW, Faiz MA, Noedl H, Wimonwattrawatee T, Laoboonchai A, Kawamoto F, 2001. In vitro susceptibility of P. falciparum isolates from Myanmar to antimalarial drugs. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :450–455.
-
8
Rahman MR, Hassan MR, Faiz MA, Samad R, Paul B, Jalil MA, 1998. Monitoring efficacy of commonly used antimalarials by a 14-day in-vivo test in a new settler’s camp in endemic zone at Cox’s Bazar. Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 24 :67–74.
-
9
Smithuis FM, Monti F, Grundl M, Oo AZ, Kyaw TT, Phe O, White NJ, 1997. Plasmodium falciparum: sensitivity in vivo to chloroquine, pyrimethamine/sufadoxine and mefloquine in western Myanmar. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 91 :468–472.
-
10
Basco LK, Le Bras J, 1993. In vitro activity of artemisinin derivatives against African isolates and clones of Plasmodium falciparum. Am J Trop Med Hyg 49 :301–307.
-
11
Noedl H, Wernsdorfer WH, Krudsood S, Wilairatana P, Viriyavejakul P, Kollaritsch H, Wiedermann G, Looareesuwan S, 2001. An in vivo-in vitro model for the assessment of clinically relevant antimalarial cross-resistance. Am J Trop Med Hyg 65 :696–699.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 25 | 25 | 7 |
| Full Text Views | 315 | 137 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 97 | 36 | 0 |