Reactivity to bacterial, fungal, and parasite antigens in patients with lymphedema and elephantiasis.

Jill B Baird Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

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Jacky Louis Charles Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

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Thomas G Streit Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

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Jacquelin M Roberts Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

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David G Addiss Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

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Patrick J Lammie Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.2002.66.163
Volume/Issue:
Volume 66: Issue 2
Page(s):
163–169
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Both secondary infections and antifilarial immunity are thought to play roles in the development and progression of lymphedema. To investigate this issue, immune responses to a panel of bacterial, fungal, and parasite antigens were examined for women with lymphedema and elephantiasis (n = 28) and for women with no clinical evidence of lymphatic dysfunction who were either microfilaremic (Mf+, n = 23) or microfilaria- and filarial antigen-negative (Ag-, n = 24). The prevalence and intensity of delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) responses was similar for most recall antigens; for individual antigens, lymphedema patients were significantly more likely to be reactive only to Proteus. Lymphedema patients with a history of three or more attacks of adenolymphangitis in the last 18 months showed increased DTH reactivity to Trichophyton. Proliferative responses to fungal and bacterial antigens were similar for all three groups; however, antigen-negative women, independent of disease status, mounted greater responses to filarial antigen. In contrast, lymphedema patients had higher levels of antifilarial specific IgG1, IgG2, and IgG3 and higher IgG responses to streptolysin O than either Ag- or Mf+ women. In persons with lymphatic filariasis, immune reactivity is influenced by disease status as well as infection status.

Author Notes

Published Online:
Feb 2002
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
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