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Clinical Study of Pyronaridine for the Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria in Thailand
S. Looareesuwan
S. Looareesuwan
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine and Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Department of Immunology and Parasitology, U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Vienna, Bangkok, Thailand
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D. E. Kyle
D. E. Kyle
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine and Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Department of Immunology and Parasitology, U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Vienna, Bangkok, Thailand
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C. Viravan
C. Viravan
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine and Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Department of Immunology and Parasitology, U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Vienna, Bangkok, Thailand
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S. Vanijanonta
S. Vanijanonta
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine and Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Department of Immunology and Parasitology, U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Vienna, Bangkok, Thailand
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P. Wilairatana
P. Wilairatana
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine and Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Department of Immunology and Parasitology, U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Vienna, Bangkok, Thailand
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W. H. Wernsdorfer
W. H. Wernsdorfer
Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine and Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Department of Immunology and Parasitology, U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Institute of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Vienna, Bangkok, Thailand
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One hundred one adult patients with acute uncomplicated falciparum malaria were treated with pyronaridine. All patients were admitted to the Bangkok Hospital for Tropical Diseases for 28 days to exclude reinfection. Sixty-nine patients (Group I) received pyronaridine 1,200 mg over a three-day period and 32 patients (Group II) received 1,800 mg of pyronaridine over a five-day period. Cure rates for the two groups were 63% (38 of 60) for Group I and 88% (23 of 26) for Group II (P < 0.05). No RII or RIII type response was seen. Mean fever and parasite clearance times were not significantly different in the two groups. The drug was well-tolerated. In vitro drug sensitivity tests of the paired parasite isolates obtained prior to treatment and after recrudescence indicated that the Plasmodium falciparum isolates of the successfully treated patients had a lower mean concentration for 50% inhibition of growth (IC50) and a much narrower range of the individual IC50 values (15.69 ± 3.82 ng/ml [mean ± SD]) as compared with those from the recrudescence cases (22.98 ± 12.05 ng/ml). Nevertheless, there was no evidence of an increase of the IC50 and IC95 values after recrudescence. The results of the study show that pyronaridine alone at a total dose of 1,800 mg given over five days is well-tolerated in patients suffering from acute uncomplicated malaria and has evident activity against multidrug-resistant falciparum malaria. However, it cannot be recommended for use in Thailand as long as the recrudescence rate is as high as 12%. Further studies of its combinations with other antimalarial drugs are needed.
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| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1227 | 882 | 32 |
| Full Text Views | 35 | 14 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 40 | 19 | 0 |