Dengue Fever in U.S. Troops during Operation Restore Hope, Somalia, 1992–1993

Trueman W. Sharp Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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Mark R. Wallace Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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Curtis G. Hayes Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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Jose L. Sanchez Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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Robert F. DeFraites Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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Ray R. Arthur Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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Scott A. Thornton Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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Roger A. Batchelor Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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Patrick J. Rozmajzl Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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R. Kevin Hanson Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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Shuenn Jue Wu Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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Craig Iriye Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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James P. Burans Naval Medical Research Institute, Naval Medical Center, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3, U.S. Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 7, Navy Environmental and Preventive Medicine Unit No. 6, Naval Medical Center, Johns Hopkins University, Bethesda, Maryland, Egypt

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1995.53.89
Volume/Issue:
Volume 53: Issue 1
Page(s):
89–94
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Dengue fever (DF) was considered to be a potential cause of febrile illness in U.S. troops deployed to Somalia during Operation Restore Hope in 1992–1993. A prospective study of hospitalized troops with fever and a seroepidemiologic survey of 530 troops were conducted. Among 289 febrile troops hospitalized, 129 (45%) did not have an identified cause of their fever. Dengue (DEN) virus was recovered from 41 (43%) of 96 of these patients by inoculation of admission sera into C6/36 cell cultures. Thirty-nine (41%) of the isolates were identified as DEN-2 and two (2%) as DEN-3 by an indirect immunofluorescent antibody assay. An additional 18 (49%) of 37 culture-negative cases were shown by immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to have anti-DEN virus antibody. All identified DF cases recovered within 1–2 weeks; no case of dengue hemorrhagic fever or shock syndrome was observed. A seroepidemiologic survey of a unit (n = 494) with 17 culture or serologically identified DF cases and a 13% attack rate of unidentified febrile illness revealed a 7.7% prevalence of anti-DEN virus IgM antibody. Failure to use bed nets was the only identified risk factor for DEN infection (adjusted odds ratio = 2.2, 95% confidence interval = 1.4–3.0). These data indicate that DF was an important cause of febrile illness among US troops in Somalia, and demonstrate the difficulties in preventing DEN infection in troops operating in field conditions.
Copyright:
Copyright © 1995 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1995
Published Online:
Jul 1995
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
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