Primaquine for Prophylaxis against Malaria among Nonimmune Transmigrants in Irian Jaya, Indonesia

J. Kevin Baird U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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David J. Fryauff U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Hasan Basri U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Michael J. Bangs U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Budi Subianto U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Iwa Wiady U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Purnomo U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Budhi Leksana U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Sofyan Masbar U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Thomas L. Richie U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Trevor R. Jones U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Emiliana Tjitra U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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F. Stephen Wignall U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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Stephen L. Hoffman U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit #2, Provincial Health Service, Infectious Diseases Research Center, Naval Medical Research Institute, Jakarta, Indonesia

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1995.52.479
Volume/Issue:
Volume 52: Issue 6
Page(s):
479–484
Restricted access
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A comparison of primaquine versus chloroquine for prophylaxis among nonimmune transmigrants from Java and Bali in the hyperendemic Arso region of Irian Jaya, Indonesia was conducted. Forty-five subjects received 0.5 mg of primaquine base/kg of body weight every other day, and 54 people in the same village received weekly 5 mg of chloroquine base/kg for 16–19 weeks beginning in December 1992. Plasmodium falciparum accounted for 18 of 30 infections with chloroquine, and four of five infections among subjects receiving primaquine. Plasmodium vivax was found in 12 people taking chloroquine but in just one person taking primaquine. The risk of malaria among people taking chloroquine relative to that among subjects taking primaquine was 3.96 (P = 0.014) for P. falciparum and 10.56 (P = 0.012) for P. vivax. Primaquine was better tolerated than chloroquine. The minimal protective efficacy for primaquine prophylaxis was 74% against P. falciparum and 90% against P. vivax among nonimmune children and adults living in Irian Jaya. These findings require confirmation with randomized, double-blinded, and placebo-controlled trials.

Author Notes

Copyright:
Copyright © 1995 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1995
Published Online:
Jun 1995
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637

Expert Committee on Hepatitis

First Report. World Health Organization Technical Report Series No. 62 (Available also in French). 26 pp. Geneva, W.H.O., Palais des Nations. March, 1953. Price 1/6, $0.20, Fr. fr. 65.-; Sw. fr. 0.80

Parasitic Infections of Man

by Harry Most, M.D., Editor. Symposium No. 4 of the Section on Microbiology, New York Academy of Medicine. 220 pp., cloth. New York, Columbia University Press, 1951. $4.50

Author:
G. F. Otto

Immunology

by Noble Pierce Sherwood. Ph.D., M.D., Professor of Bacteriology, University of Kansas—3rd Edition, 731 pp., illustrated, cloth. St. Louis: The C. V. Mosby Co., 1951. $8.00

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