Protective Immunity Induced in Squirrel Monkeys with Recombinant Apical Membrane Antigen-1 of Plasmodium fragile

William E. Collins Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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David Pye Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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Pauline E. Crewther Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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Kirsten L. Vandenberg Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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G. Gale Galland Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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Alexander J. Sulzer Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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David J. Kemp Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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Stirling J. Edwards Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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Ross L. Coppel Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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Joann S. Sullivan Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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Carla L. Morris Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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Robin F. Anders Division of Parasitic Diseases and Scientific Resources Program, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Prevention & Control, CSL Ltd, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Atlanta, Georgia

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Saimiri sciureus boliviensis monkeys were immunized with the Plasmodium fragile form of the merozoite apical membrane antigen-1 produced using the baculovirus expression system and combined with Montanide ISA 720 adjuvant. Following three immunizations, monkeys were challenged with 10,000 P. fragile trophozoite parasites. Antibody titers determined by fluorescence microscopy indicated an enhanced response following the second immunization. Four of five control animals had parasite counts > 5% 18–26 days following challenge. Four of five immunized monkeys had reduced levels of maximum parasitemia or delays in accumulated parasite counts, suggestive of protection. Rechallenge of the animals with P. falciparum resulted in three of four adjuvant control animals developing patent parasitemia whereas none of five immunized animals were infected, suggesting some level of heterologous protection.

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