Distribution of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Viral Antibody in Senegal: Environmental and Vectorial Correlates

Mark L. Wilson Institut Pasteur, Harvard School of Public Health, Institut d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Institut Senegalais de Recherche Agricole, Institut Francais de Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation (ORSTOM), Dakar, Senegal

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Bernard LeGuenno Institut Pasteur, Harvard School of Public Health, Institut d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Institut Senegalais de Recherche Agricole, Institut Francais de Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation (ORSTOM), Dakar, Senegal

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Marc Guillaud Institut Pasteur, Harvard School of Public Health, Institut d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Institut Senegalais de Recherche Agricole, Institut Francais de Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation (ORSTOM), Dakar, Senegal

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Denise Desoutter Institut Pasteur, Harvard School of Public Health, Institut d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Institut Senegalais de Recherche Agricole, Institut Francais de Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation (ORSTOM), Dakar, Senegal

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Jean-Paul Gonzalez Institut Pasteur, Harvard School of Public Health, Institut d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Institut Senegalais de Recherche Agricole, Institut Francais de Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation (ORSTOM), Dakar, Senegal

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Jean-Louis Camicas Institut Pasteur, Harvard School of Public Health, Institut d'Elevage et de Medecine Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaux, Institut Senegalais de Recherche Agricole, Institut Francais de Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en Cooperation (ORSTOM), Dakar, Senegal

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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1990.43.557
Volume/Issue:
Volume 43: Issue 5
Page(s):
557–566
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The spatial pattern in Senegal of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus IgG antibody prevalence in human and sheep was determined as was the relative abundance of potential tick vectors. A systematic, country-wide serological survey of sheep demonstrated that 10.4% of sheep exhibited IgG to CCHF virus. Sexes were infected equally. Antibody prevalence increased with age from 2.1% during the first year to 18.2% among sheep ≥3 years of age. IgG prevalence was highest in the northern, arid Sahelian zone, averaging 75.7% seropositivity, and decreased to zero in the southern, moister Sudano-Guinean and Guinean zones. Human IgG prevalence ranged from 21% to <1% among the 8 sites that were sampled throughout the country, being greatest in the arid north and least in the south. Hyalomma ssp. ticks predominated in those biotopes where antibody prevalence was highest. The abundance of Hyalomma ticks may be the proximal determinant of endemic transmission.

Author Notes

Copyright:
Copyright © 1990 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1990
Published Online:
Nov 1990
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
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