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Depression of Hydrogen Peroxide Dependent Killing of Schistosomula in Vitro by Peritoneal Exudate Cells from Schistosoma Mansoni Infected Mice
James M. Smith
James M. Smith
Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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Gerald M. Mkoji
Gerald M. Mkoji
Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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Roger K. Prichard
Roger K. Prichard
Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Ste Anne de Bellevue, Quebec, Canada
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Peritoneal exudate cells from mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni (S-PEC) can kill a small proportion of schistosomula in vitro in the presence of immune serum. S-PEC produce a low level of respiratory burst. However, schistosomula mortality in their presence is not reduced when exogenous antioxidants are added, suggesting that with S-PEC, oxidative killing may not be important. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and superoxide production by S-PEC, and cells from Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and thioglycollate (THGL) injected mice, nonspecifically stimulated with opsonized zymosan, were measured. Levels of H2O2 produced by S-PEC were significantly lower than BCG or THGL PEC, and were below the threshold for schistosomula killing. This correlated with lower levels of cell-mediated killing of schistosomula in vitro by S-PEC than by BCG-PEC. Superoxide levels, however, were similar between the 3 cell populations. It therefore appears that the efficiency of PEC to kill schistosomules in vitro correlates with H2O2 rather than superoxide levels. It was found that there was a sharp concentration threshold in H2O2 mediated killing of schistosomula. A depression in the levels of H2O2 produced may be a mechanism by which the parasite can partially evade the host immune system.
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