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Detection and Anatomical Localization of Plasmodium falciparum Circumsporozoite Protein and Sporozoites in the Afrotropical Malaria Vector Anopheles gambiae S.L.
Stefania Lombardi
Stefania Lombardi
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Fulvio Esposito
Fulvio Esposito
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Fidel Zavala
Fidel Zavala
Department of Medical and Molecular Parasitology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Lansina Lamizana
Lansina Lamizana
Ministere de la Sante', Centre de Lutte contre le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
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Patrizia Rossi
Patrizia Rossi
Dipartimento per la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo, Ministero Affari Esteri, Roma, Italy
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Guido Sabatinelli
Guido Sabatinelli
Dipartimento per la Cooperazione allo Sviluppo, Ministero Affari Esteri, Roma, Italy
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Ruth S. Nussenzweig
Ruth S. Nussenzweig
Department of Medical and Molecular Parasitology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York
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Mario Coluzzi
Mario Coluzzi
Istituto di Parassitologia, Universita' “La Sapienza,”, Roma, Italy
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Salivary glands from Anopheles gambiae s.l. collected in Burkina Faso, West Africa, were analyzed by both microscopic examination and immunoradiometric assay to determine the Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite rates. Using the same mosquito samples, the immunoassay revealed positive salivary glands with low sporozoite loads, which were frequently missed by microscopy. A closer agreement between both techniques was found using salivary glands with high sporozoite loads.
We also found a number of mosquitoes with uninfected salivary glands which harbored the circumsporozoite antigen in their thoraces. In a particular village these mosquitoes represented 43.5% of all sporozoite antigen carrying specimens.
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