Schistosoma Mansoni: Anti-SMw32 Proteinase Response in Vaccinated and Challenged Baboons

Katherine S. Zerda
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Marc H. Dresden
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Raymond T. Damian *Department of Zoology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602

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Cynthia L. Chappell
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Antibodies to a cysteinyl proteinase of the trematode Schistosoma mansoni have been detected in serum from infected mice and humans. We have evaluated antiproteinase responses in infected baboons and in baboons vaccinated with irradiated, cryopreserved schistosomuJes prior to challenge. Prechallenge sera and normal, uninfected control sera were nonreactive by ELISA and immunoblots. Serum antibodies were first detectable by ELISA at two months post-challenge in both challenged (C) and vaccinated-challenged (V-C) baboons (serum dilution 1:200). By four months post-challenge, ELISA absorbance values for subgroup C baboons were significantly higher than for V-C counterparts.

The immunoblot technique provided a more sensitive means of detecting antibody early in the infection. One month post-challenge, 7 of 12 C and V-C sera (diluted 1:100) contained measurable anti-proteinase antibody. By month two, 12 of 12 were immunoblot-positive. Baboons vaccinated but not challenged (subgroup V) remained negative. The presence of the anti-proteinase antibody appears to be a sensitive and early marker for infection by S. mansoni.

Author Notes

  • 1.

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    Chappell C. L., Dresden M. H., 1986. Schistosoma mansoni: Proteinase activity of “hemoglobinase” from the digestive tract of adult worms. Exp. Parasito., 61 :160167.

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    Damian R. T., Roberts M. L., Powell M. R., Clark J. D., Lewis F. A., Stirewalt M. A., 1984. Schistosoma mansoni egg granuloma size reduction in challenged baboons after vaccination with irradiated cryopreserved schistosomula. Proc. Nat/. Acad. Sci. USA, 81 :35523556.

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    Dresden M. H., Payne D. C., Basch P. F., 1982. Acidic thiol proteinase activity of Schistosoma mansoni cultured in vitro. Molec. Biochem. Parasitol., 6 :203208.

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    Suzuki T., Damian R. T.,1981. Schistosomiasis mansoni in baboons. IV. The development of antibodies to Schistosoma mansoni adult worm, egg, and cercarial antigens during acute and chronic infections. Am. J. Trap. Med. Hyg., 30 :825835

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    Chappell C. L., Dresden M. H., 1986. Characterization of cysteinyl proteinase from the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni. Cysteine Proteinases and Their Inhibitors. Turk V. Walter de Gruyter, New York. 199208

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    Damian R. T., Powell M. R., Roberts M. L., Clark J. D., Stirewalt M. A., Lewis F. A., 1985. Schistosoma mansoni: Parasitology and immunology of baboons vaccinated with irradiated, cryopreserved schistosomulae. Intl. J. Parasitol., 15 :333344.

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    Ruppel A., Shi Y., Wei D., Rother U., Diesfeld H. J., 1986. Antibodies of patients infected with Schistosoma japonicum crossreact with diagnostic proteins of Schistosoma mansoni. J. Tongji Med. Univ.,

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