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Plasmodium Falciparumin Kinshasa, Zaire: In Vitro Drug Susceptibility Studies

Phuc Nguyen-Dinh* Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333

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Alan E. Greenberg* Malaria Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, Georgia 30333

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Ndoko Kabote† DepartMent of Pediatrics, Marna Yerno Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire

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Farzin Davachi† DepartMent of Pediatrics, Marna Yerno Hospital, Kinshasa, Zaire

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Bernard Goussard‡ Institut National de Recherche Biomedicale, Kinshasa, Zaire

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Binyingo Embonga§ Ministry of Public Health and Social Affairs, Kinshasa, Zaire

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In June 1986, Plasmodium falciparum parasites were collected from 33 children presenting at the Mama Yemo Hospital in Kinshasa (Zaire) and were successfully tested in vitro by a 48-hr reinvasion test for their susceptibility to various antimalarial drugs. In vitro resistance to chloroquine was found in 82% of the isolates, a marked increase over findings obtained by the same technique 3 years ago in Kinshasa. In vitro chloroquine resistance was not associated with a history of previous drug intake. The inhibitory endpoints for quinine varied from 0.03 to 1 µM, and correlated with the chloroquine endpoints in the corresponding isolates (r = 0.64). Pyrimethamine resistance in vitro was demonstrated in 52% of the isolates tested.

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