Studies of the Coagulation System in Arenaviral Hemorrhagic Fever: Experimental Infection of Strain 13 Guinea Pigs with Pichinde Virus

Thomas M. Cosgriff
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Peter B. Jahrling
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James P. Chen Coagulation Laboratory, Division of Medicine, and Department of Viral Pathogenesis, Division of Disease Assessment, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland 21701

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Loreen A. Hodgson
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Richard M. Lewis
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David E. Green
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Joseph I. Smith
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DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.1987.36.416
Volume/Issue:
Volume 36: Issue 2
Page(s):
416–423
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Significant coagulation abnormalities were associated with experimental infection of strain 13 guinea pigs with Pichinde virus, an arenavirus related to the virulent human pathogens Junin, Machupo, and Lassa viruses. Infected animals developed decreased activity of multiple coagulation factors, decreased antithrombin III levels, high levels of fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products, impaired platelet function, and thrombocytopenia. Testing for the presence of a coagulation inhibitor revealed a pattern consistent with factor deficiency. Fibrin thrombi were not found at necropsy.

The findings of high fibrin-fibrinogen degradation product levels and decreased antithrombin III levels, in association with decreased activity of multiple coagulation factors and thrombocytopenia, suggest that intravascular coagulation is a feature of this experimental infection. The demonstration of abnormal platelet function is also significant, as this could contribute to defective hemostasis despite the moderate thrombocytopenia which usually occurs in arenaviral disease.

Author Notes

Copyright:
Copyright © 1987 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 1987
Accepted:
05 Sep 1986
|
Published Online:
Mar 1987
Cover The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
Print ISSN:
0002-9637
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