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In Vivo Efficacy of Chloroquine Treatment for Plasmodium Falciparum in Malawian Children Under Five Years of Age
Charles O. Khoromana
Charles O. Khoromana
Combatting Childhood Communicable Diseases Program, Ministry of Health, Malawi
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Carlos C. Campbell
Carlos C. Campbell
Malaria Branch
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Jack J. Wirima
Jack J. Wirima
Combatting Childhood Communicable Diseases Program, Ministry of Health, Malawi
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David L. Heymann
David L. Heymann
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In 1984 the government of Malawi instituted a program to reduce malaria mortality and morbidity in children <5 years of age as a part of the Combatting Childhood Communicable Diseases (CCCD) program. To define the appropriate malaria therapy regimen, investigators used a quality assurance design in a simplified 7-day in vivo drug response study with follow-up observations on day 2 (D2), D3, and D7 after the initial day of the study (D0). The efficacy of oral chloroquine was assessed in 224 children who were enrolled at 6 sites, 2 in each of the 3 administrative regions of Malawi. Parasitological failure, defined as failure of parasitemia to decrease by 75% of the value by D3 or presence of any detectable parasitemia on D7, ranged from 41%–65% following administration of chloroquine 25 mg (base)/kg. However, only 8% of children who were parasitemic on D7 were febrile or judged to be ill. Considering these therapeutic results and the higher cost and limited availability of alternative therapies, chloroquine 25 mg/kg therapy was adopted as the primary therapy for malaria.
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| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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