Specific and Sensitive Immunological Diagnosis of Chagas' Disease by Competitive Antibody Enzyme Immunoassay Using a Trypanosoma cruzi-Specific Monoclonal Antibody

J. L. Lemesre Centre d'Immunologie et de Biologie Parasitaire, Institut Pasteur, 15 rue Camille Guérin, 59019 Lille Cédex, France

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D. Afchain Centre d'Immunologie et de Biologie Parasitaire, Institut Pasteur, 15 rue Camille Guérin, 59019 Lille Cédex, France

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O. Orozco Centre d'Immunologie et de Biologie Parasitaire, Institut Pasteur, 15 rue Camille Guérin, 59019 Lille Cédex, France

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M. Loyens Centre d'Immunologie et de Biologie Parasitaire, Institut Pasteur, 15 rue Camille Guérin, 59019 Lille Cédex, France

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F. S. Breniere Instituto Boliviano de Biologia de Altura, La Paz, Bolivia

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P. Desjeux Instituto Boliviano de Biologia de Altura, La Paz, Bolivia

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Y. Carlier Laboratoire de Parasitologie, Faculté de Médecine, ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium

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U. Martin Centro de Investigaciones Sobre Endemias Nacionales, Santa Fe, Argentina

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J. A. Nogueira-Queiroz Nucleo de Medicina Tropical, Fortaleza, Brazil

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D. Le Ray Institut de Médecine Tropicale, Anvers, Belgium

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A. Capron Centre d'Immunologie et de Biologie Parasitaire, Institut Pasteur, 15 rue Camille Guérin, 59019 Lille Cédex, France

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Coexistence of Chagas' disease with leishmaniasis and T. rangeli infection in endemic areas and cross-reactivity between corresponding etiological agents can confuse the immunodiagnosis of Chagas' disease. A discriminative serological test could therefore represent a major advance in specific immunodiagnosis. A competitive antibody enzyme immunoassay against a component 5-enriched preparation, using a T. cruzi species-specific monoclonal antibody has allowed development of a specific serodiagnosis of Chagas' disease with high sensitivity (96.6% in undetermined and chronic phases of infection). This test can differentiate Chagas' disease from other cross-reacting parasitic diseases in areas where concomitant infections are unknown or suspected.

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