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Arboviruses and Lemurs in Madagascar: Experimental Infection of Lemur Fulvus with Yellow Fever and West Nile Viruses
Francois Rodhain
Francois Rodhain
Laboratoire des Arbovirus, Unité d'Ecologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
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Jean-Jacques Petter
Jean-Jacques Petter
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Générale, Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France
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Roland Albignac
Roland Albignac
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences, 25035 Besançon, France
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Pierre Coulanges
Pierre Coulanges
Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, B.P. 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
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Claude Hannoun
Claude Hannoun
Laboratoire des Arbovirus, Unité d'Ecologie Virale, Institut Pasteur, 75015 Paris, France
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In previous serological surveys of lemurs in Madagascar, antibodies against flaviviruses were frequently detected. To examine the epidemiological role of Lemur fulvus, experimental infections with yellow fever (YF) virus and West Nile (WN) virus were performed. YF and WN infections were clinically unapparent. A 3 to 4-day-long viremia, with moderate levels was observed with YF virus. WN virus, especially the strain isolated in Madagascar, provoked a 4 to 6-day-long viremia sufficient to infect Aedes aegypti. In all experiments, the antibody response was studied during the following weeks by 3 methods. The results led to the conclusion that Malagasy lemurs could act as amplifying hosts for WN virus present in Madagascar, and as hosts for YF virus if it were introduced on the island. The epidemiological role of these primates is discussed according to their ecology and their contact with potential mosquito vectors in forest areas of Madagascar.
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| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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