Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Virus: Horse Virulence of P-676 and MF-8 Small and Minute Plaques

Gustavo Justines Gorgas Memorial Laboratory, Ministerio de Desarrollo Agropecuario, Panama, Republic of Panama

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Gladys Oro Gorgas Memorial Laboratory, Ministerio de Desarrollo Agropecuario, Panama, Republic of Panama

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Otto Alvarez Gorgas Memorial Laboratory, Ministerio de Desarrollo Agropecuario, Panama, Republic of Panama

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The P-676 and MF-8 epizootic strains of Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus were found to contain a minute plaque (MP), different from the predominant small plaque (SP) present in these virus strains. The MP and SP were stable after passages in Vero cells, mice, or horses. Equines were inoculated with the SP or MP of the P-676 and MF-8 strains. Inoculation of either P-676 SP or MP into horses induced high fever and viremia but no signs of encephalitis or death. Four horses infected with MF-8 SP became very ill, with high fever and viremia; three of the inoculated animals died. Four horses were infected with MF-8 MP; only two showed viremia but appeared asymptomatic and afebrile. Neutralization tests with immune sera from the infected equines showed that the P-676 SP and MP appear distinct, while a clear difference cannot be observed with MF-8 SP and MP.

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