Cellular Characteristics of the Eosinophil Compatible with a Dual Role in Host Defense in Parasitic Infections

Edward J. Goetzl Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Department of Medicine, Robert B. Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

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K. Frank Austen Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, and Department of Medicine, Robert B. Brigham Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115

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Peripheral blood and tissue hypereosinophilia are characteristics of diverse invasive parasitic infestations in animals and humans. As the initial development of peripheral blood eosinophilia after exposure to the parasites exhibits a latent period which is markedly reduced upon the subsequent reintroduction of parasites, an immunological reaction to parasite antigens has been considered a prerequisite for peripheral blood eosinophilia. Both humoral and cellular immunological reactions have been implicated in the peripheral blood hypereosinophilia of parasitic infestations. The oral administration of Taenia taeniaeformis eggs to rats leads to eosinophilia which reaches a peak level 3 wk after a primary infection and a heightened eosinophilia 3 to 7 days after a secondary challenge. The passive transfer of anti-T. taeniaeformis antisera, or fractions rich in antibodies of the IgG2a or IgE class, followed by the oral administration of eggs produces a peripheral blood eosinophilia exhibiting comparable features to those of challenged naturally immune rats.

Author Notes

Dr. Goetzl is Director of the Laboratory for the Study of Immunological Diseases of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

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