Authors:
, , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , and
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-
1.
World Health Organization. Dengue and Severe Dengue. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue. Accessed March 14, 2023.
-
2.
Dinkar A, Singh J, Kumar N, Kumar K, Singh SK, Singh AK, 2023. Impact of secondary infections on dengue presentation: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh, India. J Infect Public Health 16: 1925–1932.
-
3.
Guzman MG et al., 2010. Dengue: A continuing global threat. Nat Rev Microbiol 8: S7–S16.
-
4.
Dowd KA, DeMaso CR, Pierson TC, 2015. Genotypic differences in dengue virus neutralization are explained by a single amino acid mutation that modulates virus breathing. mBio 6: e01559-15.
-
5.
Singh J, Dinkar A, Atam V, Misra R, Kumar S, Gupta K, Patel M, 2015. Intracranial hemorrhage in dengue fever; a case series. J Med Sci Clin Res 3: 4447–4452.
-
6.
Murrell S, Wu SC, Butler M, 2011. Review of dengue virus and the development of a vaccine. Biotechnol Adv 29: 239–247.
-
7.
Dinkar A, Singh J, 2020. Dengue infection in North India: An experience of a tertiary care center from 2012 to 2017. Tzu Chi Med J 32: 36–40.
-
8.
Mishra B, Turuk J, Sahu SJ, Khajuria A, Kumar S, Dey A, Praharaj AK, 2017. Cocirculation of all four dengue virus serotypes: First report from Odisha. Indian J Med Microbiol 35: 293–295.
-
9.
Ganeshkumar P, Murhekar MV, Poornima V, Saravanakumar V, Sukumaran K, Anandaselvasankar A, John D, Mehendale SM, 2018. Dengue infection in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12: e0006618.
-
10.
Alagarasu K et al., 2021. Serotype and genotype diversity of dengue viruses circulating in India: A multi-centre retrospective study involving the Virus Research Diagnostic Laboratory Network in 2018. Int J Infect Dis 111: 242–252.
-
11.
WHO, 2009. Dengue Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control: New Edition. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44188.
-
12.
Lanciotti RS, Calisher CH, Gubler DJ, Chang GJ, Vorndam AV, 1992. Rapid detection and typing of dengue viruses from clinical samples by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 30: 545–551.
-
13.
Anoop M, Mathew AJ, Jayakumar B, Issac A, Nair S, Abraham R, Anupriya MG, Sreekumar E, 2012. Complete genome sequencing and evolutionary analysis of dengue virus serotype 1 isolates from an outbreak in Kerala, South India. Virus Genes 45: 1–13.
-
14.
Dash PK, Sharma S, Soni M, Agarwal A, Parida M, Rao PV, 2013. Complete genome sequencing and evolutionary analysis of Indian isolates of dengue virus type 2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 436: 478–485.
-
15.
Manakkadan A, Joseph I, Prasanna RR, Kunju RI, Kailas L, Sreekumar E, 2013. Lineage shift in Indian strains of dengue virus serotype-3 (genotype III), evidenced by detection of lineage IV strains in clinical cases from Kerala. Virol J 10: 37.
-
16.
Dash PK, Sharma S, Srivastava A, Santhosh SR, Parida MM, Neeraja M, Subbalaxmi MV, Lakshmi V, Rao PV, 2011. Emergence of dengue virus type 4 (genotype I) in India. Epidemiol Infect 139: 857–861.
-
17.
National Vector Borne Disease Control, 2019. Dengue Cases and Deaths in the Country Since 2015. Available at: https://nvbdcp.gov.in/index4.php?lang=1&level=0&linkid=431&lid=3715. Accessed August 28, 2019.
-
18.
Dinkar A, Singh J, Atam V, 2021. Dengue induced reversible blindness. J Vector Borne Dis 58: 285–287.
-
19.
Singh J, Singh A, Dinkar A, Atam V, 2014. A rare presentation of dengue fever: Acute motor quadriparesis due to hypokalemia. Int J Res Med Sci 2: 1732–1734.
-
20.
Kakkar M, Rogawski ET, Abbas SS, Chaturvedi S, Dhole TN, Hossain SS, Krishnan SK, 2014. Wishful thinking blurs interpretation of AES data in a high endemic region of India. J Infect 69: 520–521.
-
21.
Vasanthapuram R et al., 2019. Dengue virus is an under-recognised causative agent of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES): Results from a four year AES surveillance study of Japanese encephalitis in selected states of India. Int J Infect Dis 84S: S19–S24.
-
22.
Chaturvedi UC, Mathur A, Kapoor AK, Mehrotra NK, Mehrotra RM, 1970. Virological study of an epidemic of febrile illness with haemorrhagic manifestations at Kanpur, India, during 1968. Bull World Health Organ 43: 289–293.
-
23.
Gupta N, Srivastava S, Jain A, Chaturvedi UC, 2012. Dengue in India. Indian J Med Res 136: 373–390.
-
24.
Singh J, Dinkar A, Atam V, Himanshu D, Gupta KK, Usman K, Misra R, 2017. Awareness and outcome of changing trends in clinical profile of dengue fever: A retrospective analysis of dengue epidemic from January to December 2014 at a tertiary care hospital. J Assoc Physicians India 65: 42–46.
-
25.
Mustafa Z, Khan HM, Azam M, Sami H, Ali SG, Ahmad I, Raza A, Khan MA, 2023. Insight into the seroepidemiology and dynamics of circulating serotypes of dengue virus over a 4 year period in western Uttar Pradesh, India. Access Microbiol 5: acmi000567.v4.
-
26.
Behera SP, Bhardwaj P, Deval H, Srivastava N, Singh R, Misra BR, Agrawal A, Kavathekar A, Kant R, 2023. Cocirculation of all the four dengue virus serotypes during 2018–2019: First report from Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. PeerJ 11: e14504.
-
27.
Deval H et al., 2021. Genetic characterization of dengue virus serotype 2 isolated from dengue fever outbreaks in eastern Uttar Pradesh and western Bihar, India. J Med Virol 93: 3322–3329.
-
28.
Dieng I et al., 2021. Multifoci and multiserotypes circulation of dengue virus in Senegal between 2017 and 2018. BMC Infect Dis 21: 867.
-
29.
Yergolkar PN, Cherian SS, Jadhav S, Raut CG, Mourya DT, 2017. Genetic characterization of dengue virus types 1 and 2 in India, with emphasis on the viruses circulating in Karnataka. Indian J Med Res 146: 662–665.
-
30.
Mishra G, Jain A, Prakash O, Prakash S, Kumar R, Garg RK, Pandey N, Singh M, 2015. Molecular characterization of dengue viruses circulating during 2009–2012 in Uttar Pradesh, India. J Med Virol 87: 68–75.
-
31.
Parida MM, Dash PK, Upadhyay C, Saxena P, Jana AM, 2002. Serological & virological investigation of an outbreak of dengue fever in Gwalior, India. Indian J Med Res 116: 248–254.
-
32.
Sharma S, Dash PK, Agarwal S, Shukla J, Parida MM, Rao PVL, 2011. Comparative complete genome analysis of dengue virus type 3 circulating in India between 2003 and 2008. J Gen Virol 92: 1595–1600.
-
33.
Patil JA, Alagarasu K, Kakade MB, More AM, Gadekar KA, Jadhav SM, Parashar D, Shah PS, 2018. Emergence of dengue virus type 1 and type 3 as dominant serotypes during 2017 in Pune and Nashik regions of Maharashtra, Western India. Infect Genet Evol 66: 272–283.
-
34.
Sharmila PF, Vanathy K, Rajamani B, Kaliaperumal V, Dhodapkar R, 2019. Emergence of dengue virus 4 as the predominant serotype during the outbreak of 2017 in South India. Indian J Med Microbiol 37: 393–400.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 665 | 665 | 226 |
| Full Text Views | 17 | 17 | 7 |
| PDF Downloads | 19 | 19 | 9 |
Prevalence of Different Dengue Serotypes in Northern India, 2021–2022: A Tertiary Care Hospital-Based Study
Anju Dinkar
Anju Dinkar
Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India;
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India;
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Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India;
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Jitendra Singh
drjitengsvm@gmail.com
Jitendra Singh
Department of General Medicine, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India;
Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India;
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Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India;
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Pradyot Prakash
Pradyot Prakash
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India;
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Ranjeet Kumar Vishwakarma
Ranjeet Kumar Vishwakarma
Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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ABSTRACT.
Dengue fever is a substantial emerging and reemerging arboviral virus in tropical and subtropical areas that seriously threatens public health worldwide. India is experiencing rising dengue epidemics in urban and rural regions linked to all four serotypes. The objective is to examine the serotypes and genotypes of the circulating dengue virus (DENV) at a tertiary care center in eastern Uttar Pradesh, India, from 2020 to 2021. This retrospective cross-sectional observational study involved dengue patients from January 2021 to December 2022. The genetic analysis of the circulating DENV was conducted by amplifying the partial CprM (511-bp) gene using nested reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), followed by sequencing. Only those positive for NS1 antigen (n = 581) were included in the study. A total of 204 cases (35.1%) were seropositive, with 96 cases (37.4%) out of 257 in 2021 and 108 cases (33.3%) out of 324 in 2022. With 119 cases (58.3%), men were most affected. The nested RT-PCR for dengue revealed three DENV-1 to DENV-3, except for DENV-4. DENV-2 and DENV-3 were the most predominant serotypes, with 98 (48%) and 94 (46%) cases, respectively. Conversely, DENV-1 was the least prevalent with cases 3 (1.6%). Unfortunately, 35 (17.2%) of the 204 cases died. DENV-2 had the highest mortality rate, with 23 deaths (65.7%). In cases with DENV-3, nine (25.7%) died. This study revealed regional disparities in DENV serotype prevalence in India. If regional differences in the most common serotypes and genotypes are identified early in the season, molecular surveillance may predict major dengue outbreaks and severity.
- Supplemental Materials (PDF 317.64 KB)
Author Notes
Disclosures: The Institutional Ethical Committee (Dean/2023/EC/6812, dated April 12, 2023) approved this study. The patient consent form was exempted due to the retrospective nature of the data collection. If images were used, explicit and written consent was obtained for publication after a telephone discussion.
Current contact information: Anju Dinkar, Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India. E-mail: dranjudinkar@gmail.com. Jitendra Singh, Department of General Medicine, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India. E-mail: drjitengsvm@gmail.com. Pradyot Prakash, Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. E-mail: pradyotbhu@gmail.com. Ranjeet Kumar Vishwakarma, Department of Physiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. E-mail: rkv190595@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
World Health Organization. Dengue and Severe Dengue. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dengue-and-severe-dengue. Accessed March 14, 2023.
-
2.
Dinkar A, Singh J, Kumar N, Kumar K, Singh SK, Singh AK, 2023. Impact of secondary infections on dengue presentation: A cross-sectional study in a tertiary care hospital in Uttar Pradesh, India. J Infect Public Health 16: 1925–1932.
-
3.
Guzman MG et al., 2010. Dengue: A continuing global threat. Nat Rev Microbiol 8: S7–S16.
-
4.
Dowd KA, DeMaso CR, Pierson TC, 2015. Genotypic differences in dengue virus neutralization are explained by a single amino acid mutation that modulates virus breathing. mBio 6: e01559-15.
-
5.
Singh J, Dinkar A, Atam V, Misra R, Kumar S, Gupta K, Patel M, 2015. Intracranial hemorrhage in dengue fever; a case series. J Med Sci Clin Res 3: 4447–4452.
-
6.
Murrell S, Wu SC, Butler M, 2011. Review of dengue virus and the development of a vaccine. Biotechnol Adv 29: 239–247.
-
7.
Dinkar A, Singh J, 2020. Dengue infection in North India: An experience of a tertiary care center from 2012 to 2017. Tzu Chi Med J 32: 36–40.
-
8.
Mishra B, Turuk J, Sahu SJ, Khajuria A, Kumar S, Dey A, Praharaj AK, 2017. Cocirculation of all four dengue virus serotypes: First report from Odisha. Indian J Med Microbiol 35: 293–295.
-
9.
Ganeshkumar P, Murhekar MV, Poornima V, Saravanakumar V, Sukumaran K, Anandaselvasankar A, John D, Mehendale SM, 2018. Dengue infection in India: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12: e0006618.
-
10.
Alagarasu K et al., 2021. Serotype and genotype diversity of dengue viruses circulating in India: A multi-centre retrospective study involving the Virus Research Diagnostic Laboratory Network in 2018. Int J Infect Dis 111: 242–252.
-
11.
WHO, 2009. Dengue Guidelines for Diagnosis, Treatment, Prevention and Control: New Edition. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/44188.
-
12.
Lanciotti RS, Calisher CH, Gubler DJ, Chang GJ, Vorndam AV, 1992. Rapid detection and typing of dengue viruses from clinical samples by using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 30: 545–551.
-
13.
Anoop M, Mathew AJ, Jayakumar B, Issac A, Nair S, Abraham R, Anupriya MG, Sreekumar E, 2012. Complete genome sequencing and evolutionary analysis of dengue virus serotype 1 isolates from an outbreak in Kerala, South India. Virus Genes 45: 1–13.
-
14.
Dash PK, Sharma S, Soni M, Agarwal A, Parida M, Rao PV, 2013. Complete genome sequencing and evolutionary analysis of Indian isolates of dengue virus type 2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 436: 478–485.
-
15.
Manakkadan A, Joseph I, Prasanna RR, Kunju RI, Kailas L, Sreekumar E, 2013. Lineage shift in Indian strains of dengue virus serotype-3 (genotype III), evidenced by detection of lineage IV strains in clinical cases from Kerala. Virol J 10: 37.
-
16.
Dash PK, Sharma S, Srivastava A, Santhosh SR, Parida MM, Neeraja M, Subbalaxmi MV, Lakshmi V, Rao PV, 2011. Emergence of dengue virus type 4 (genotype I) in India. Epidemiol Infect 139: 857–861.
-
17.
National Vector Borne Disease Control, 2019. Dengue Cases and Deaths in the Country Since 2015. Available at: https://nvbdcp.gov.in/index4.php?lang=1&level=0&linkid=431&lid=3715. Accessed August 28, 2019.
-
18.
Dinkar A, Singh J, Atam V, 2021. Dengue induced reversible blindness. J Vector Borne Dis 58: 285–287.
-
19.
Singh J, Singh A, Dinkar A, Atam V, 2014. A rare presentation of dengue fever: Acute motor quadriparesis due to hypokalemia. Int J Res Med Sci 2: 1732–1734.
-
20.
Kakkar M, Rogawski ET, Abbas SS, Chaturvedi S, Dhole TN, Hossain SS, Krishnan SK, 2014. Wishful thinking blurs interpretation of AES data in a high endemic region of India. J Infect 69: 520–521.
-
21.
Vasanthapuram R et al., 2019. Dengue virus is an under-recognised causative agent of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES): Results from a four year AES surveillance study of Japanese encephalitis in selected states of India. Int J Infect Dis 84S: S19–S24.
-
22.
Chaturvedi UC, Mathur A, Kapoor AK, Mehrotra NK, Mehrotra RM, 1970. Virological study of an epidemic of febrile illness with haemorrhagic manifestations at Kanpur, India, during 1968. Bull World Health Organ 43: 289–293.
-
23.
Gupta N, Srivastava S, Jain A, Chaturvedi UC, 2012. Dengue in India. Indian J Med Res 136: 373–390.
-
24.
Singh J, Dinkar A, Atam V, Himanshu D, Gupta KK, Usman K, Misra R, 2017. Awareness and outcome of changing trends in clinical profile of dengue fever: A retrospective analysis of dengue epidemic from January to December 2014 at a tertiary care hospital. J Assoc Physicians India 65: 42–46.
-
25.
Mustafa Z, Khan HM, Azam M, Sami H, Ali SG, Ahmad I, Raza A, Khan MA, 2023. Insight into the seroepidemiology and dynamics of circulating serotypes of dengue virus over a 4 year period in western Uttar Pradesh, India. Access Microbiol 5: acmi000567.v4.
-
26.
Behera SP, Bhardwaj P, Deval H, Srivastava N, Singh R, Misra BR, Agrawal A, Kavathekar A, Kant R, 2023. Cocirculation of all the four dengue virus serotypes during 2018–2019: First report from Eastern Uttar Pradesh, India. PeerJ 11: e14504.
-
27.
Deval H et al., 2021. Genetic characterization of dengue virus serotype 2 isolated from dengue fever outbreaks in eastern Uttar Pradesh and western Bihar, India. J Med Virol 93: 3322–3329.
-
28.
Dieng I et al., 2021. Multifoci and multiserotypes circulation of dengue virus in Senegal between 2017 and 2018. BMC Infect Dis 21: 867.
-
29.
Yergolkar PN, Cherian SS, Jadhav S, Raut CG, Mourya DT, 2017. Genetic characterization of dengue virus types 1 and 2 in India, with emphasis on the viruses circulating in Karnataka. Indian J Med Res 146: 662–665.
-
30.
Mishra G, Jain A, Prakash O, Prakash S, Kumar R, Garg RK, Pandey N, Singh M, 2015. Molecular characterization of dengue viruses circulating during 2009–2012 in Uttar Pradesh, India. J Med Virol 87: 68–75.
-
31.
Parida MM, Dash PK, Upadhyay C, Saxena P, Jana AM, 2002. Serological & virological investigation of an outbreak of dengue fever in Gwalior, India. Indian J Med Res 116: 248–254.
-
32.
Sharma S, Dash PK, Agarwal S, Shukla J, Parida MM, Rao PVL, 2011. Comparative complete genome analysis of dengue virus type 3 circulating in India between 2003 and 2008. J Gen Virol 92: 1595–1600.
-
33.
Patil JA, Alagarasu K, Kakade MB, More AM, Gadekar KA, Jadhav SM, Parashar D, Shah PS, 2018. Emergence of dengue virus type 1 and type 3 as dominant serotypes during 2017 in Pune and Nashik regions of Maharashtra, Western India. Infect Genet Evol 66: 272–283.
-
34.
Sharmila PF, Vanathy K, Rajamani B, Kaliaperumal V, Dhodapkar R, 2019. Emergence of dengue virus 4 as the predominant serotype during the outbreak of 2017 in South India. Indian J Med Microbiol 37: 393–400.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 665 | 665 | 226 |
| Full Text Views | 17 | 17 | 7 |
| PDF Downloads | 19 | 19 | 9 |