Initial Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Hepatic Fascioliasis and Serological and Radiological Response After Triclabendazole Treatment

Eun Jeong Won Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;

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Kyung-Won Kim Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea;

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Eui-Jin Chang Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Seongman Bae Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Jiwon Jung Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Yong Pil Chong Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Sang-Oh Lee Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Sang-Ho Choi Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Yang Soo Kim Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Sung-Han Kim Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Min Jae Kim Department of Infectious Diseases, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea

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ABSTRACT.

Fascioliasis, a food-borne trematodiasis, is a disease primarily identified in livestock, such as sheep and cattle. Human fascioliasis has been reported sporadically in Korea, but a recent increase in patients has been associated with a green vegetable juice delivery service. We aimed to investigate the serological and radiological findings of the patients treated for fascioliasis. Patients with peripheral eosinophilia, which is a positive antibody for Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) and liver abscess, were considered to have fascioliasis and were treated with triclabendazole at a dose of 10 mg/kg, administered twice. A total of 21 patients diagnosed with fascioliasis were included. Patients were categorized into the early and late diagnosis groups according to the time gap between the presentation and diagnosis. A comparison of initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) between the two groups revealed a filling defect of the bile duct that was more commonly observed in the late diagnosis group (72.7% versus 0%; P = 0.003). Hepatic abscess lesions resolved slowly, with 14.3%, 50%, and 85.7% of patients showing complete resolution on computed tomography 6, 12, and 24 months after treatment, respectively. The mean levels of anti-F. hepatica antibodies decreased after a 6-month follow-up (mean levels, onset versus 6-month, 12-month, or 24-month follow-up; 4.36 versus 3.29, 3.17, or 2.31, respectively; all P <0.01). Eosinophil counts reduced significantly 1 month after treatment and remained normal thereafter in both groups. This study suggests that MRI could be useful for diagnosing fascioliasis in a subgroup of patients and that hepatic abscesses and positive antibody results could last for several months after treatment.

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Author Notes

Financial support: This research was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2022R1C1C1002741).

Disclosures: This study was approved by the ethical committee of Asan Medical Center (2023-1830). The requirement for informed consent was waived given the retrospective nature of the study.

Current contact information: Min Jae Kim, E-mail: nahani99@gmail.com. Eun Jeong Won, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, E-mail: ejwon@amc.seoul.kr. Kyung-Won Kim, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, E-mail: kyungwon.kim@amc.seoul.kr, Eui-Jin Chang, Jiwon Jung, Yong Pil Chong, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Sung-Han Kim and Min Jae Kim, Department of Infectious diseases, Asan Medical Center ,University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea, E-mails: radiohead0618@amc.seoul.kr, trueblue27@naver.com, drchong@amc.seoul.kr, soleemd@amc.seoul.kr, sangho@amc.seoul.kr, yskim@amc.seoul.kr, shkimmd@amc.seoul.kr, and nahani99@gmail.com.

Address correspondence to Min Jae Kim, Department of Infectious Disease, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan, College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea. E-mail: nahani99@gmail.com
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