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1.
World Health Organization Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/soil-transmitted-helminth-infections. Accessed May 9, 2023.
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2.
Geisen S et al., 2018. Soil protists: A fertile frontier in soil biology research. FEMS Microbiol Rev 42: 293–323.
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3.
Mejia R, Vicuna Y, Broncano N, Sandoval C, Vaca M, Chico M, Cooper PJ, Nutman TB, 2013. A novel, multi-parallel, real-time polymerase chain reaction approach for eight gastrointestinal parasites provides improved diagnostic capabilities to resource-limited at-risk populations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 1041–1047.
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4.
Mejia R, Seco-Hidalgo V, Garcia-Ramon D, Calderon E, Lopez A, Cooper PJ, 2020. Detection of enteric parasite DNA in household and bed dust samples: Potential for infection transmission.Parasit Vectors 13: 141.
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5.
Naceanceno KS, Matamoros G, Gabrie JA, Bottazzi ME, Sanchez A, Mejia R, 2020. Use of multi-parallel real-time quantitative PCR to determine Blastocystis prevalence and association with other gastrointestinal parasite infection in a rural Honduran location. Am J Trop Med Hyg 102: 1373–1375.
-
6.
Sarink MJ, Koelewijn R, Stelma F, Kortbeek T, van Lieshout L, Smit PW, Tielens AGM, van Hellemond JJ, 2023. An international external quality assessment scheme to assess the diagnostic performance of polymerase chain reaction detection of Acanthamoeba keratitis. Cornea 42: 1027–1033.
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Aykur M, Dagci H, 2021. Evaluation of molecular characterization and phylogeny for quantification of Acanthamoeba and Naegleria fowleri in various water sources, Turkey. PloS One 16: e0256659.
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Deer DM, Lampel KA, González-Escalona N, 2010. A versatile internal control for use as DNA in real-time PCR and as RNA in real-time reverse transcription PCR assays. Lett Appl Microbiol 50: 366–372.
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9.
Marciano-Cabral F, Cabral G, 2003. Acanthamoeba spp. as agents of disease in humans. Clin Microbiol Rev 16: 273–307.
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Rodríguez-Vivas RI, Gutierrez-Ruiz E, Bolio-Gonzalez ME, Ruiz-Pina H, Ortega-Pacheco A, Reyes-Novelo E, Manrique-Saide P, Aranda-Cirerol F, Lugo-Perez JA, 2011. An epidemiological study of intestinal parasites of dogs from Yucatan, Mexico, and their risk to public health. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 11: 1141–1144.
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Tyungu DL, McCormick D, Lau CL, Chang M, Murphy JR, Hotez PJ, Mejia R, Pollack H, 2020. Toxocara species environmental contamination of public spaces in New York City. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 14: e0008249.
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12.
Easton AV et al., 2016. Multi-parallel qPCR provides increased sensitivity and diagnostic breadth for gastrointestinal parasites of humans: Field-based inferences on the impact of mass deworming. Parasit Vectors 9: 38.
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Detection of Parasite DNA in Soil Samples from Rural Yucatan, Mexico
Liliana E. Villanueva-Lizama
Liliana E. Villanueva-Lizama
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México;
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Angela Cruz-Coral
Angela Cruz-Coral
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México;
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Christian Teh-Poot
Christian Teh-Poot
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México;
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Julio Vladimir Cruz-Chan
Julio Vladimir Cruz-Chan
Laboratorio de Parasitología, Centro de Investigaciones Regionales “Dr. Hideyo Noguchi,” Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida, México;
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Rojelio Mejia
rmejia@bcm.edu
Rojelio Mejia
Laboratory of Human and Environmental Parasitology, Pediatrics – Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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ABSTRACT.
The soil is the primary environmental reservoir for many parasites transmitted to humans that cause disease. Our environmental study used a multiparallel real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay to detect parasite DNA in soil collected from the outdoor built environments of 34 houses in rural Yucatan, Mexico. The number of positive houses (n, %) per parasite species was 18 (53%) for Acanthamoeba spp.; four (12%) for Blastocystis spp. and Ascaris lumbricoides; three (9%) for Toxocara canis; and one (3%) for Ancylostoma spp., Trichuris trichiura, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia intestinalis. No DNA from Necator americanus, Strongyloides stercoralis, Toxocara cati, or Cryptosporidium spp. was detected. A total of 65% of houses were positive for at least one parasite, 15% had poly-parasites, and up to six different parasites were detected in a single sample. This is one of the first reports of parasite DNA detected in soil samples from the outdoor environment in Yucatan, highlighting the presence of parasites with both zoonotic and medical significance for rural communities.
- Supplemental Materials (PDF 171.75 KB)
Author Notes
Financial support: This work was supported by the
Current contact information: Liliana Villanueva-Lizama, Angela Cruz-Coral, and Christian Teh-Poot, Laboratory of Parasitology, Regional Research Center Dr. Hideyo Noguchi, Autonomous University of Yucatan, Merida, Mexico. E-mails: liliana.villanueva@correo.uady.mx, angela-maria-cc@hotmail.com, christian.teh@alumnos.uady.mx, and vladimir.cruz@correo.uady.mx. Julio Vladimir Cruz-Chan and Rojelio Mejia, Laboratory of Human and Environmental Parasitology, National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, E-mail: rmejia@bcm.edu.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
World Health Organization Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/soil-transmitted-helminth-infections. Accessed May 9, 2023.
-
2.
Geisen S et al., 2018. Soil protists: A fertile frontier in soil biology research. FEMS Microbiol Rev 42: 293–323.
-
3.
Mejia R, Vicuna Y, Broncano N, Sandoval C, Vaca M, Chico M, Cooper PJ, Nutman TB, 2013. A novel, multi-parallel, real-time polymerase chain reaction approach for eight gastrointestinal parasites provides improved diagnostic capabilities to resource-limited at-risk populations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 1041–1047.
-
4.
Mejia R, Seco-Hidalgo V, Garcia-Ramon D, Calderon E, Lopez A, Cooper PJ, 2020. Detection of enteric parasite DNA in household and bed dust samples: Potential for infection transmission.Parasit Vectors 13: 141.
-
5.
Naceanceno KS, Matamoros G, Gabrie JA, Bottazzi ME, Sanchez A, Mejia R, 2020. Use of multi-parallel real-time quantitative PCR to determine Blastocystis prevalence and association with other gastrointestinal parasite infection in a rural Honduran location. Am J Trop Med Hyg 102: 1373–1375.
-
6.
Sarink MJ, Koelewijn R, Stelma F, Kortbeek T, van Lieshout L, Smit PW, Tielens AGM, van Hellemond JJ, 2023. An international external quality assessment scheme to assess the diagnostic performance of polymerase chain reaction detection of Acanthamoeba keratitis. Cornea 42: 1027–1033.
-
7.
Aykur M, Dagci H, 2021. Evaluation of molecular characterization and phylogeny for quantification of Acanthamoeba and Naegleria fowleri in various water sources, Turkey. PloS One 16: e0256659.
-
8.
Deer DM, Lampel KA, González-Escalona N, 2010. A versatile internal control for use as DNA in real-time PCR and as RNA in real-time reverse transcription PCR assays. Lett Appl Microbiol 50: 366–372.
-
9.
Marciano-Cabral F, Cabral G, 2003. Acanthamoeba spp. as agents of disease in humans. Clin Microbiol Rev 16: 273–307.
-
10.
Rodríguez-Vivas RI, Gutierrez-Ruiz E, Bolio-Gonzalez ME, Ruiz-Pina H, Ortega-Pacheco A, Reyes-Novelo E, Manrique-Saide P, Aranda-Cirerol F, Lugo-Perez JA, 2011. An epidemiological study of intestinal parasites of dogs from Yucatan, Mexico, and their risk to public health. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 11: 1141–1144.
-
11.
Tyungu DL, McCormick D, Lau CL, Chang M, Murphy JR, Hotez PJ, Mejia R, Pollack H, 2020. Toxocara species environmental contamination of public spaces in New York City. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 14: e0008249.
-
12.
Easton AV et al., 2016. Multi-parallel qPCR provides increased sensitivity and diagnostic breadth for gastrointestinal parasites of humans: Field-based inferences on the impact of mass deworming. Parasit Vectors 9: 38.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 88986 | 88986 | 49762 |
| Full Text Views | 102 | 102 | 33 |
| PDF Downloads | 61 | 61 | 2 |