ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Shen Y , Hu S , Bao S , Tu M , 2023. Clinical characteristics of snakebite patients attending a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou, southeast China. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 118: 287–292.
-
2.
Hu S , Lou Z , Shen Y , Tu M , 2022. Bacteriological studies of venomous snakebite wounds in Hangzhou, southeast China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 107: 925–929.
-
3.
Chengda Yuan XK , Wang X , Luo W , Tao C , Wu C , 2016. An epidemiological and clinical analysis of snakebites in Hangzhou Region. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 26: 676–677 [in Chinese].
-
4.
Wenlong Wang CY , Tao C , Wang Q , 2015. Clinical research of integrated Traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy on 29 cases of critical snake bites. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 25: 582–584 [in Chinese].
-
5.
Guohe Wang QS , 2005. 276 cases clinical analysis of Traditional Chinese and Western medicines in treatment of snakebite. J Snake 17: 11–12 [in Chinese].
-
6.
Su HY , Huang SW , Mao YC , Liu MW , Lee KH , Lai PF , Tsai MJ , 2018. Clinical and laboratory features distinguishing between Deinagkistrodon acutus and Daboia siamensis envenomation. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 24: 43.
-
7.
Huang F , Zhao S , Tong F , Liang Y , Le Grange JM , Kuang W , Zhou Y , 2021. Unexpected death in a young man associated with a unilateral swollen leg: Pathological and toxicological findings in a fatal snakebite from Deinagkistrodon acutus (Chinese moccasin). J Forensic Sci 66: 786–792.
-
8.
Valenta J , Stach Z , Michalek P , 2015. Envenoming by crotalid snake Chinese moccasin Agkistrodon acutus bite – A case report. Prague Med Rep 116: 155–160.
-
9.
Blaylock RS , 1999. Antibiotic use and infection in snakebite victims. S Afr Med J 89: 874–876.
-
10.
Lancerotto L , Tocco I , Salmaso R , Vindigni V , Bassetto F , 2012. Necrotizing fasciitis: Classification, diagnosis, and management. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 72: 560–566.
-
11.
Regional Office for South-East Asia WHO , 2016. Guidelines for the Management of Snakebites. 2nd ed. New Delhi, India: World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia.
-
12.
Khwaja A , 2012. KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury. Nephron Clin Pract 120: c179–c184.
-
13.
Zimmerman JL , Shen MC , 2013. Rhabdomyolysis. Chest 144: 1058–1065.
-
14.
Thygesen K , Alpert JS , Jaffe AS , Chaitman BR , Bax JJ , Morrow DA , White HD ; Executive Group on behalf of the Joint European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA)/World Heart Federation (WHF) Task Force for the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction , 2019. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) 72: 72.
-
15.
Isbister GK , Scorgie FE , O’Leary MA , Seldon M , Brown SG , Lincz LF , 2010. Factor deficiencies in venom-induced consumption coagulopathy resulting from Australian elapid envenomation: Australian Snakebite Project (ASP-10). J Thromb Haemost 8: 2504–2513.
-
16.
Chiba T , Koga H , Kimura N , Murata M , Jinnai S , Suenaga A , Kohda F , Furue M , 2018. Clinical condition and management of 114 mamushi (Gloydius blomhoffii) bites in a general hospital in Japan. Intern Med 57: 1075–1080.
-
17.
Gajbhiye R , Khan S , Kokate P , Mashal I , Kharat S , Bodade S , Yadav A , Mahale S , 2019. Incidence & management practices of snakebite: A retrospective study at sub-district Hospital, Dahanu, Maharashtra, India. Indian J Med Res 150: 412–416.
-
18.
Inamdar IF , Aswar NR , Ubaidulla M , Dalvi SD , 2010. Snakebite: Admissions at a tertiary health care centre in Maharashtra, India. S Afr Med J 100: 456–458.
-
19.
Chen X , He H , Cai H , 2019. Clinical and epidemiologic profile of venomous snakebites in Chongqing Wuling mountainous area, western China. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 113: 587–589.
-
20.
Xu G , Junlu Z , Duanduan C , Hui Z , Jingfeng L , 2022. Research progress on breeding of medicinal reptilia animals in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition). Zhongguo Xiandai Zhongyao 24: 1651–1657.
-
21.
Dixon RW , Harris JB , 1996. Myotoxic activity of the toxic phospholipase, notexin, from the venom of the Australian tiger snake. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 55: 1230–1237.
-
22.
Montecucco C , Gutiérrez JM , Lomonte B , 2008. Cellular pathology induced by snake venom phospholipase A2 myotoxins and neurotoxins: Common aspects of their mechanisms of action. Cell Mol Life Sci 65: 2897–2912.
-
23.
Gutierrez JM , Calvete JJ , Habib AG , Harrison RA , Williams DJ , Warrell DA , 2017. Snakebite envenoming. Nat Rev Dis Primers 3: 17063.
-
24.
Cheng CL , Mao YC , Liu PY , Chiang LC , Liao SC , Yang CC , 2017. Deinagkistrodon acutus envenomation: A report of three cases. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 23: 20.
-
25.
Cox AC , 1993. Coagulation factor X inhibitor from hundred-pace snake (Deinagkistrodon acutus) venom. Toxicon 31: 1445–1457.
-
26.
Atoda H , Ishikawa M , Mizuno H , Morita T , 1998. Coagulation factor X-binding protein from Deinagkistrodon acutus venom is a Gla domain-binding protein. Biochemistry 37: 17361–17370.
-
27.
Ouyang C , Teng CM , 1978. In vivo effects of the purified thrombin-like and anticoagulant principles of Agkistrodon acutus (hundred pace snake) venom. Toxicon 16: 583–593.
-
28.
Ouyang C , Teng CM , 1973. The effect of the purified anticoagulant principle of Agkistrodon acutus venom on blood coagulation. Toxicon 11: 287–292.
-
29.
Chen RH , Chen YC , 1989. Isolation of an acidic phospholipase A2 from the venom of Agkistrodon acutus (five pace snake) and its effect on platelet aggregation. Toxicon 27: 675–682.
-
30.
Xu G , Ulrichts H , Vauterin S , De Meyer SF , Deckmyn H , Teng M , Niu L , 2005. How does agkicetin-C bind on platelet glycoprotein Ibalpha and achieve its platelet effects? Toxicon 45: 561–570.
-
31.
Ding B , Xu Z , Qian C , Jiang F , Ding X , Ruan Y , Ding Z , Fan Y , 2015. Antiplatelet aggregation and antithrombosis efficiency of peptides in the snake venom of Deinagkistrodon acutus: Isolation, identification, and evaluation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015: 412841.
-
32.
Myint L , Warrell DA , Phillips RE , Tin Nu S , Tun P , Maung Maung L , 1985. Bites by Russell’s viper (Vipera russelli siamensis) in Burma: Haemostatic, vascular, and renal disturbances and response to treatment. Lancet 2: 1259–1264.
-
33.
Chugh KS , 1989. Snake-bite-induced acute renal failure in India. Kidney Int 35: 891–907.
-
34.
Pinho FM , Zanetta DM , Burdmann EA , 2005. Acute renal failure after Crotalus durissus snakebite: A prospective survey on 100 patients. Kidney Int 67: 659–667.
-
35.
Kanjanabuch T , Sitprija V , 2008. Snakebite nephrotoxicity in Asia. Semin Nephrol 28: 363–372.
-
36.
Sitprija V , 2006. Snakebite nephropathy. Nephrology (Carlton) 11: 442–448.
-
37.
Hall SR , Rasmussen SA , Crittenden E , Dawson CA , Bartlett KE , Westhorpe AP , Albulescu LO , Kool J , Gutiérrez JM , Casewell NR , 2023. Repurposed drugs and their combinations prevent morbidity-inducing dermonecrosis caused by diverse cytotoxic snake venoms. Nat Commun 14: 7812.
-
38.
Tilbury CR , 1982. Observations on the bite of the Mozambique spitting cobra (Naja mossambica mossambica). S Afr Med J 61: 308–313.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 622 | 622 | 160 |
| Full Text Views | 25 | 25 | 7 |
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The Epidemiology and Clinical Features of Deinagkistrodon acutus Envenomation: A Retrospective Study from a Medical Center in Hangzhou, Southeast China
Sipin Hu
Sipin Hu
The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China;
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Shuhua Bao
Shuhua Bao
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China;
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Yuchen Shen
Yuchen Shen
Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Mengyun Tu
Mengyun Tu
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China;
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ABSTRACT.
Deinagkistrodon acutus envenomation is one of the most common types of venomous snakebite in China and causes a series of envenomating effects on its victims. However, more specific information on the characteristics of D. acutus envenomation is rare in the English literature. Therefore, we aimed to give a detailed description of the epidemiological and clinical features of patients with D. acutus envenomation. Patients who were admitted with D. acutus envenomation between January 2018 and December 2021 were enrolled in this retrospective study. The data on demographics, clinical manifestations, laboratory features, management, and outcomes were collected. A total of 158 cases of D. acutus envenomation were enrolled. Men (n = 121; 76.6%) and rural populations (n = 133; 84.2%) were the high-risk groups, and most incidents (n = 141; 89.2%) happened between May and September. The specific effect was tissue necrosis at bite site, which occurred in 72 patients (45.6%). Other envenomation effects include extensive limb swelling, blistering, wound bleeding, and coagulopathy. In the envenomed patients, 155 (98.1%) received antivenom, 47 (29.7%) needed operations, 20 (12.7%) required intensive care, and one died. Deinagkistrodon acutus envenomation is a common snakebites emergency in Hangzhou area. A high rate of tissue necrosis at bite site and venom-induced consumption coagulopathy are the characteristics of D. acutus envenomation. Although the mortality rate is low, some patients still require intensive care.
Author Notes
Authors’ contributions: All authors contributed to study design, data analysis, drafting and revising the article, gave final approval of the version to be published, and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
Disclosure: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University and followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Current contact information: Sipin Hu, The Second Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China, E-mail: huuusp@outlook.com. Shuhua Bao and Mengyun Tu, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China, E-mails: ella30725@163.com and appletumengyun@sina.cn. Yuchen Shen, Department of Dermatology, Hangzhou TCM Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China, E-mail: von979@hotmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Shen Y , Hu S , Bao S , Tu M , 2023. Clinical characteristics of snakebite patients attending a tertiary hospital in Hangzhou, southeast China. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 118: 287–292.
-
2.
Hu S , Lou Z , Shen Y , Tu M , 2022. Bacteriological studies of venomous snakebite wounds in Hangzhou, southeast China. Am J Trop Med Hyg 107: 925–929.
-
3.
Chengda Yuan XK , Wang X , Luo W , Tao C , Wu C , 2016. An epidemiological and clinical analysis of snakebites in Hangzhou Region. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 26: 676–677 [in Chinese].
-
4.
Wenlong Wang CY , Tao C , Wang Q , 2015. Clinical research of integrated Traditional Chinese and Western medicine therapy on 29 cases of critical snake bites. Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi 25: 582–584 [in Chinese].
-
5.
Guohe Wang QS , 2005. 276 cases clinical analysis of Traditional Chinese and Western medicines in treatment of snakebite. J Snake 17: 11–12 [in Chinese].
-
6.
Su HY , Huang SW , Mao YC , Liu MW , Lee KH , Lai PF , Tsai MJ , 2018. Clinical and laboratory features distinguishing between Deinagkistrodon acutus and Daboia siamensis envenomation. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 24: 43.
-
7.
Huang F , Zhao S , Tong F , Liang Y , Le Grange JM , Kuang W , Zhou Y , 2021. Unexpected death in a young man associated with a unilateral swollen leg: Pathological and toxicological findings in a fatal snakebite from Deinagkistrodon acutus (Chinese moccasin). J Forensic Sci 66: 786–792.
-
8.
Valenta J , Stach Z , Michalek P , 2015. Envenoming by crotalid snake Chinese moccasin Agkistrodon acutus bite – A case report. Prague Med Rep 116: 155–160.
-
9.
Blaylock RS , 1999. Antibiotic use and infection in snakebite victims. S Afr Med J 89: 874–876.
-
10.
Lancerotto L , Tocco I , Salmaso R , Vindigni V , Bassetto F , 2012. Necrotizing fasciitis: Classification, diagnosis, and management. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 72: 560–566.
-
11.
Regional Office for South-East Asia WHO , 2016. Guidelines for the Management of Snakebites. 2nd ed. New Delhi, India: World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia.
-
12.
Khwaja A , 2012. KDIGO clinical practice guidelines for acute kidney injury. Nephron Clin Pract 120: c179–c184.
-
13.
Zimmerman JL , Shen MC , 2013. Rhabdomyolysis. Chest 144: 1058–1065.
-
14.
Thygesen K , Alpert JS , Jaffe AS , Chaitman BR , Bax JJ , Morrow DA , White HD ; Executive Group on behalf of the Joint European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA)/World Heart Federation (WHF) Task Force for the Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction , 2019. Fourth universal definition of myocardial infarction (2018). Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) 72: 72.
-
15.
Isbister GK , Scorgie FE , O’Leary MA , Seldon M , Brown SG , Lincz LF , 2010. Factor deficiencies in venom-induced consumption coagulopathy resulting from Australian elapid envenomation: Australian Snakebite Project (ASP-10). J Thromb Haemost 8: 2504–2513.
-
16.
Chiba T , Koga H , Kimura N , Murata M , Jinnai S , Suenaga A , Kohda F , Furue M , 2018. Clinical condition and management of 114 mamushi (Gloydius blomhoffii) bites in a general hospital in Japan. Intern Med 57: 1075–1080.
-
17.
Gajbhiye R , Khan S , Kokate P , Mashal I , Kharat S , Bodade S , Yadav A , Mahale S , 2019. Incidence & management practices of snakebite: A retrospective study at sub-district Hospital, Dahanu, Maharashtra, India. Indian J Med Res 150: 412–416.
-
18.
Inamdar IF , Aswar NR , Ubaidulla M , Dalvi SD , 2010. Snakebite: Admissions at a tertiary health care centre in Maharashtra, India. S Afr Med J 100: 456–458.
-
19.
Chen X , He H , Cai H , 2019. Clinical and epidemiologic profile of venomous snakebites in Chongqing Wuling mountainous area, western China. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 113: 587–589.
-
20.
Xu G , Junlu Z , Duanduan C , Hui Z , Jingfeng L , 2022. Research progress on breeding of medicinal reptilia animals in Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2020 Edition). Zhongguo Xiandai Zhongyao 24: 1651–1657.
-
21.
Dixon RW , Harris JB , 1996. Myotoxic activity of the toxic phospholipase, notexin, from the venom of the Australian tiger snake. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 55: 1230–1237.
-
22.
Montecucco C , Gutiérrez JM , Lomonte B , 2008. Cellular pathology induced by snake venom phospholipase A2 myotoxins and neurotoxins: Common aspects of their mechanisms of action. Cell Mol Life Sci 65: 2897–2912.
-
23.
Gutierrez JM , Calvete JJ , Habib AG , Harrison RA , Williams DJ , Warrell DA , 2017. Snakebite envenoming. Nat Rev Dis Primers 3: 17063.
-
24.
Cheng CL , Mao YC , Liu PY , Chiang LC , Liao SC , Yang CC , 2017. Deinagkistrodon acutus envenomation: A report of three cases. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis 23: 20.
-
25.
Cox AC , 1993. Coagulation factor X inhibitor from hundred-pace snake (Deinagkistrodon acutus) venom. Toxicon 31: 1445–1457.
-
26.
Atoda H , Ishikawa M , Mizuno H , Morita T , 1998. Coagulation factor X-binding protein from Deinagkistrodon acutus venom is a Gla domain-binding protein. Biochemistry 37: 17361–17370.
-
27.
Ouyang C , Teng CM , 1978. In vivo effects of the purified thrombin-like and anticoagulant principles of Agkistrodon acutus (hundred pace snake) venom. Toxicon 16: 583–593.
-
28.
Ouyang C , Teng CM , 1973. The effect of the purified anticoagulant principle of Agkistrodon acutus venom on blood coagulation. Toxicon 11: 287–292.
-
29.
Chen RH , Chen YC , 1989. Isolation of an acidic phospholipase A2 from the venom of Agkistrodon acutus (five pace snake) and its effect on platelet aggregation. Toxicon 27: 675–682.
-
30.
Xu G , Ulrichts H , Vauterin S , De Meyer SF , Deckmyn H , Teng M , Niu L , 2005. How does agkicetin-C bind on platelet glycoprotein Ibalpha and achieve its platelet effects? Toxicon 45: 561–570.
-
31.
Ding B , Xu Z , Qian C , Jiang F , Ding X , Ruan Y , Ding Z , Fan Y , 2015. Antiplatelet aggregation and antithrombosis efficiency of peptides in the snake venom of Deinagkistrodon acutus: Isolation, identification, and evaluation. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015: 412841.
-
32.
Myint L , Warrell DA , Phillips RE , Tin Nu S , Tun P , Maung Maung L , 1985. Bites by Russell’s viper (Vipera russelli siamensis) in Burma: Haemostatic, vascular, and renal disturbances and response to treatment. Lancet 2: 1259–1264.
-
33.
Chugh KS , 1989. Snake-bite-induced acute renal failure in India. Kidney Int 35: 891–907.
-
34.
Pinho FM , Zanetta DM , Burdmann EA , 2005. Acute renal failure after Crotalus durissus snakebite: A prospective survey on 100 patients. Kidney Int 67: 659–667.
-
35.
Kanjanabuch T , Sitprija V , 2008. Snakebite nephrotoxicity in Asia. Semin Nephrol 28: 363–372.
-
36.
Sitprija V , 2006. Snakebite nephropathy. Nephrology (Carlton) 11: 442–448.
-
37.
Hall SR , Rasmussen SA , Crittenden E , Dawson CA , Bartlett KE , Westhorpe AP , Albulescu LO , Kool J , Gutiérrez JM , Casewell NR , 2023. Repurposed drugs and their combinations prevent morbidity-inducing dermonecrosis caused by diverse cytotoxic snake venoms. Nat Commun 14: 7812.
-
38.
Tilbury CR , 1982. Observations on the bite of the Mozambique spitting cobra (Naja mossambica mossambica). S Afr Med J 61: 308–313.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 622 | 622 | 160 |
| Full Text Views | 25 | 25 | 7 |
| PDF Downloads | 33 | 33 | 12 |