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Cross Talk between MicroRNAs and Dengue Virus
Nur Omar Macha
Nur Omar Macha
Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Thamil Vaani Komarasamy
Thamil Vaani Komarasamy
Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Sarahani Harun
Sarahani Harun
Institute of Systems Biology Malaysia, National University of Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Nur Amelia Azreen Adnan
Nur Amelia Azreen Adnan
Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Sharifah Syed Hassan
Sharifah Syed Hassan
Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia;
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Vinod R. M. T. Balasubramaniam
Vinod R. M. T. Balasubramaniam
Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia;
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ABSTRACT.
Dengue fever (DF) is an endemic infectious tropical disease and is rapidly becoming a global problem. Dengue fever is caused by one of the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes and is spread by the female Aedes mosquito. Clinical manifestations of DF may range from asymptomatic to life-threatening severe illness with conditions of hemorrhagic fever and shock. Early and precise diagnosis is vital to avoid mortality from DF. A different approach is required to combat DF because of the challenges with the vaccines currently available, which are nonspecific; each is capable of causing cross-reaction and disease-enhancing antibody responses against the residual serotypes. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to be implicated in DENV infection and are postulated to be involved in most of the host responses. Thus, they might be a suitable target for new strategies against the disease. The involvement of miRNAs in cellular activities and pathways during viral infections has been explored under numerous conditions. Interestingly, miRNAs have also been shown to be involved in viral replication. In this review, we summarize the role of known miRNAs, specifically the role of miRNA Let-7c (miR-Let-7c), miR-133a, miR-30e, and miR-146a, in the regulation of DENV replication and their possible effects on the initial immune reaction.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Nur Omar Macha, Thamil Vaani Komarasamy, Nur Amelia Azreen Adnan, Sharifah Syed Hassan, and Vinod R. M. T. Balasubramaniam, Infection and Immunity Research Strength, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, E-mails: noma6@student.monash.edu, thamil.komarasamy@monash.edu, amelia.azreen@monash.edu, sharifah.syedhassan@monash.edu, and vinod.balasubramaniam@monash.edu. Sarahani Harun, Institute of Systems Biology Malaysia, National University of Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia, E-mail: sarahani@ukm.edu.my.
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