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Reference Manager
BibTeX
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1.
Park SJ , Jang CW , Kim YK , Seo YH , Kim KH , Kwon TG , Bae JH , 2021. Toxocariasis-associated acute perimyocarditis with cardiogenic shock: A case report. Am J Case Rep 22: e930573.
-
2.
Ma G , Holland CV , Wang T , Hofmann A , Fan CK , Maizels RM , Hotez PJ , Gasser RB , 2018. Human toxocariasis. Lancet Infect Dis 18: e14–e24.
-
3.
Sakai S , Shida Y , Takahashi N , Yabuuchi H , Soeda H , Okafuji T , Hatakenaka M , Honda H , 2006. Pulmonary lesions associated with visceral larva migrans due to Ascaris suum or Toxocara canis: Imaging of six cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 186: 1697–1702.
-
4.
Morimatsu Y , Akao N , Akiyoshi H , Kawazu T , Okabe Y , Aizawa H , 2006. A familial case of visceral larva migrans after ingestion of raw chicken livers: Appearance of specific antibody in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the patients. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75: 303–306.
-
5.
Ranasuriya G , Mian A , Boujaoude Z , Tsigrelis C , 2014. Pulmonary toxocariasis: A case report and literature review. Infection 42: 575–578.
-
6.
Al-Tawfiq JA , Kim H , Memish ZA , 2022. Parasitic lung diseases. Eur Respir Rev 31: 220093.
-
7.
Noordin R , Smith HV , Mohamad S , Maizels RM , Fong MY , 2005. Comparison of IgG-ELISA and IgG4-ELISA for Toxocara serodiagnosis. Acta Trop 93: 57–62.
-
8.
Soukup J , Cerny J , Cegan M , Kelbich P , Novotny T , 2021. Toxocariasis as a rare parasitic complication of a transthoracic spine surgery procedure. Medicina (Kaunas) 57: 1328.
-
9.
Jeanfaivre T , Cimon B , Tolstuchow N , de Gentile L , Chabasse D , Tuchais E , 1996. Pleural effusion and toxocariasis. Thorax 51: 106–107.
-
10.
Herry I , Philippe B , Hennequin C , Danel C , Lejeunne C , Meyer G , 1997. Acute life-threatening toxocaral tamponade. Chest 112: 1692–1693.
-
11.
Sakai K , Hirasawa Y , Hashimoto A , 2002. A case of toxocariasis with eosinophil-rich pleural effusion. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi 40: 489–494.
-
12.
Bachmeyer C , Lamarque G , Morariu R , Molina T , Bourée P , Delmer A , 2003. Visceral larva migrans mimicking lymphoma. Chest 123: 1296–1297.
-
13.
Blanco-Pérez JJ , Abal-Arca J , Rocha-García F , 2006. Pleural effusion and toxocariasis. Med Clin (Barc) 126: 75.
-
14.
Matsuki Y , Fujii T , Nakamura-Uchiyama F , Hiromatsu K , Nawa Y , Hayashi T , Ohtomi S , 2007. Toxocariasis presenting with multiple effusions in the pericardial space, thoracic cavity, and Morrison’s pouch. Intern Med 46: 913–914.
-
15.
Vallentin B , Carsin A , Dubus JC , 2015. Toxocariasis: An unusual cause of pleural effusion. Pediatr Pulmonol 50: E35–E36.
-
16.
Smith HV , Noordin R , Holland CV , Smith HV Toxocara: The Enigmatic Parasite. Wallingford, United Kingdom: CABI, 89–112.
-
17.
Muñoz-Guzmán MA , del Río-Navarro BE , Valdivia-Anda G , Alba-Hurtado F , 2010. The increase in seroprevalence to Toxocara canis in asthmatic children is related to cross-reaction with Ascaris suum antigens. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 38: 115–121.
-
18.
Else KJ , Keiser J , Holland CV , Grencis RK , Sattelle DB , Fujiwara RT , Bueno LL , Asaolu SO , Sowemimo OA , Cooper PJ , 2020. Whipworm and roundworm infections. Nat Rev Dis Primers 6: 44.
-
19.
Magnaval JF , Fabre R , Maurières P , Charlet JP , de Larrard B , 1991. Application of the western blotting procedure for the immunodiagnosis of human toxocariasis. Parasitol Res 77: 697–702.
-
20.
Moreira GMSG , Telmo PL , Mendonça M , Moreira AN , McBride AJA , Scaini CJ , Conceição FR , 2014. Human toxocariasis: Current advances in diagnostics, treatment, and interventions. Trends Parasitol 30: 456–464.
-
21.
Rubins JB , Rubins HB , 1996. Etiology and prognostic significance of eosinophilic pleural effusions: A prospective study. Chest 110: 1271–1274.
-
22.
Martínez-García MA , Cases-Viedma E , Cordero-Rodríguez PJ , Hidalgo-Ramírez M , Perpiñá-Tordera M , Sanchis-Moret F , Sanchis-Aldás JL , 2000. Diagnostic utility of eosinophils in the pleural fluid. Eur Respir J 15: 166–169.
-
23.
Oba Y , Abu-Salah T , 2012. The prevalence and diagnostic significance of eosinophilic pleural effusions: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Respiration 83: 198–208.
-
24.
Kimiko S , 2004. Toxocara canis. Nihon Kyobu Rinsho 63: S230–S232.
-
25.
Overgaauw PA , 1998. Toxocara infections in dogs and cats and public health implications. Vet Q 20 (Suppl 1 ):S97–S98.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1125 | 634 | 49 |
| Full Text Views | 54 | 33 | 6 |
| PDF Downloads | 62 | 35 | 5 |
Case Report: Toxocariasis Manifesting as Eosinophilic Pleural Effusion
Takahiro Minamii
Takahiro Minamii
Department of General Internal Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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Hiroaki Nishioka
Hiroaki Nishioka
Department of General Internal Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan
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ABSTRACT.
Toxocariasis is a prevalent zoonosis caused by infection with the larvae of Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati. It ranges in severity from mundane to life-threatening, depending on organ involvement. The lungs are often affected, manifesting as coughing, wheezing, and chest pain. However, pleural effusions rarely occur in patients with pulmonary toxocariasis. We report the case of a 74-year-old man with highly suspected toxocariasis who presented with an eosinophilic pleural effusion and eosinophilia. He developed dyspnea and a right-sided pleural effusion. Thoracentesis revealed an exudative effusion containing numerous eosinophils. The pleural effusion continued to increase, and the eosinophilia rapidly progressed. Although the patient had not recently had contact with animals or known exposure to contaminated food, water, or soil, toxocariasis was confirmed by positive serological test results for anti-Toxocara antibodies in the serum and pleural effusion. The patient was cured with albendazole treatment for 28 days. The pleural effusion and eosinophilia resolved and did not recur. Clinicians should consider toxocariasis in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with eosinophilic pleural effusions.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Takahiro Minamii and Hiroaki Nishioka, Department of General Internal Medicine, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, Kobe, Japan, E-mails: daa1117@outlook.jp and nishiokahiroaki@hotmail.com
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Park SJ , Jang CW , Kim YK , Seo YH , Kim KH , Kwon TG , Bae JH , 2021. Toxocariasis-associated acute perimyocarditis with cardiogenic shock: A case report. Am J Case Rep 22: e930573.
-
2.
Ma G , Holland CV , Wang T , Hofmann A , Fan CK , Maizels RM , Hotez PJ , Gasser RB , 2018. Human toxocariasis. Lancet Infect Dis 18: e14–e24.
-
3.
Sakai S , Shida Y , Takahashi N , Yabuuchi H , Soeda H , Okafuji T , Hatakenaka M , Honda H , 2006. Pulmonary lesions associated with visceral larva migrans due to Ascaris suum or Toxocara canis: Imaging of six cases. AJR Am J Roentgenol 186: 1697–1702.
-
4.
Morimatsu Y , Akao N , Akiyoshi H , Kawazu T , Okabe Y , Aizawa H , 2006. A familial case of visceral larva migrans after ingestion of raw chicken livers: Appearance of specific antibody in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the patients. Am J Trop Med Hyg 75: 303–306.
-
5.
Ranasuriya G , Mian A , Boujaoude Z , Tsigrelis C , 2014. Pulmonary toxocariasis: A case report and literature review. Infection 42: 575–578.
-
6.
Al-Tawfiq JA , Kim H , Memish ZA , 2022. Parasitic lung diseases. Eur Respir Rev 31: 220093.
-
7.
Noordin R , Smith HV , Mohamad S , Maizels RM , Fong MY , 2005. Comparison of IgG-ELISA and IgG4-ELISA for Toxocara serodiagnosis. Acta Trop 93: 57–62.
-
8.
Soukup J , Cerny J , Cegan M , Kelbich P , Novotny T , 2021. Toxocariasis as a rare parasitic complication of a transthoracic spine surgery procedure. Medicina (Kaunas) 57: 1328.
-
9.
Jeanfaivre T , Cimon B , Tolstuchow N , de Gentile L , Chabasse D , Tuchais E , 1996. Pleural effusion and toxocariasis. Thorax 51: 106–107.
-
10.
Herry I , Philippe B , Hennequin C , Danel C , Lejeunne C , Meyer G , 1997. Acute life-threatening toxocaral tamponade. Chest 112: 1692–1693.
-
11.
Sakai K , Hirasawa Y , Hashimoto A , 2002. A case of toxocariasis with eosinophil-rich pleural effusion. Nihon Kokyuki Gakkai Zasshi 40: 489–494.
-
12.
Bachmeyer C , Lamarque G , Morariu R , Molina T , Bourée P , Delmer A , 2003. Visceral larva migrans mimicking lymphoma. Chest 123: 1296–1297.
-
13.
Blanco-Pérez JJ , Abal-Arca J , Rocha-García F , 2006. Pleural effusion and toxocariasis. Med Clin (Barc) 126: 75.
-
14.
Matsuki Y , Fujii T , Nakamura-Uchiyama F , Hiromatsu K , Nawa Y , Hayashi T , Ohtomi S , 2007. Toxocariasis presenting with multiple effusions in the pericardial space, thoracic cavity, and Morrison’s pouch. Intern Med 46: 913–914.
-
15.
Vallentin B , Carsin A , Dubus JC , 2015. Toxocariasis: An unusual cause of pleural effusion. Pediatr Pulmonol 50: E35–E36.
-
16.
Smith HV , Noordin R , Holland CV , Smith HV Toxocara: The Enigmatic Parasite. Wallingford, United Kingdom: CABI, 89–112.
-
17.
Muñoz-Guzmán MA , del Río-Navarro BE , Valdivia-Anda G , Alba-Hurtado F , 2010. The increase in seroprevalence to Toxocara canis in asthmatic children is related to cross-reaction with Ascaris suum antigens. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 38: 115–121.
-
18.
Else KJ , Keiser J , Holland CV , Grencis RK , Sattelle DB , Fujiwara RT , Bueno LL , Asaolu SO , Sowemimo OA , Cooper PJ , 2020. Whipworm and roundworm infections. Nat Rev Dis Primers 6: 44.
-
19.
Magnaval JF , Fabre R , Maurières P , Charlet JP , de Larrard B , 1991. Application of the western blotting procedure for the immunodiagnosis of human toxocariasis. Parasitol Res 77: 697–702.
-
20.
Moreira GMSG , Telmo PL , Mendonça M , Moreira AN , McBride AJA , Scaini CJ , Conceição FR , 2014. Human toxocariasis: Current advances in diagnostics, treatment, and interventions. Trends Parasitol 30: 456–464.
-
21.
Rubins JB , Rubins HB , 1996. Etiology and prognostic significance of eosinophilic pleural effusions: A prospective study. Chest 110: 1271–1274.
-
22.
Martínez-García MA , Cases-Viedma E , Cordero-Rodríguez PJ , Hidalgo-Ramírez M , Perpiñá-Tordera M , Sanchis-Moret F , Sanchis-Aldás JL , 2000. Diagnostic utility of eosinophils in the pleural fluid. Eur Respir J 15: 166–169.
-
23.
Oba Y , Abu-Salah T , 2012. The prevalence and diagnostic significance of eosinophilic pleural effusions: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Respiration 83: 198–208.
-
24.
Kimiko S , 2004. Toxocara canis. Nihon Kyobu Rinsho 63: S230–S232.
-
25.
Overgaauw PA , 1998. Toxocara infections in dogs and cats and public health implications. Vet Q 20 (Suppl 1 ):S97–S98.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 1125 | 634 | 49 |
| Full Text Views | 54 | 33 | 6 |
| PDF Downloads | 62 | 35 | 5 |