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RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
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1.
Dave M , Jain S , Nath H , Nagraj , 2020. Digital gangrene: a rare complication in scrub typhus. J Indian Acad Clin Med 21: 187–189.
-
2.
Richards AL , Jiang J , 2020. Scrub typhus: historic perspective and current status of the worldwide presence of Orientia species. Trop Med Infect Dis 5: 49.
-
3.
Devasagayam E , Dayanand D , Kundu D , Kamath MS , Kirubakaran R , Varghese GM , 2021. The burden of scrub typhus in India: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 15: e0009619.
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4.
Hornick RB , Bennett JC & Plum F Goldman: Cecil Textbook of Medicine. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company, 1911–1912.
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Watt G , Parola P , 2003. Scrub typhus and tropical rickettsioses. Curr Opin Infect Dis 16: 429–436.
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Watt G , Walker DH , Guerrant RL , Walker DH & Weller PF Tropical Infectious Diseases Principles, Pathogens and Practice. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 557–563.
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Rijhwani P , Charan A , Agrawal CM , Pahadia MR , Gupta S , Anand H , 2017. Pan digital gangrene: A rare phenomenon in scrub typhus. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2: 35–37.
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8.
Walker DH , Dumler JS , Blanton LS & Thomas M et al.Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 21st ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill, 1303–1313.
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9.
Moron CG , Popov VL , Feng HM , Wear D , Walker DH , 2001. Identification of the target cells of Orientia tsutsugamushi in human cases of scrub typhus. Mod Pathol 14: 752–759.
-
10.
Premaratna R , Chandrasena TG , Dassayake AS , Loftis AD , Dasch GA , de Silva HJ , 2006. Acute hearing loss due to scrub typhus: a forgotten complication of a reemerging disease. Clin Infect Dis 42: e6–e8.
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11.
Joshi HS , Thomas M , Warrier A , Kumar S , 2012. Gangrene in cases of spotted fever: a report of three cases. BMJ Case Rep 2012: bcr2012007295.
-
12.
Tsay RW , Chang FY , 1998. Serious complications in scrub typhus. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 31: 240–244.
-
13.
Landau Z , Feld S , Kunichezky S , Grinspan M , Gorbacz M , 1992. Thrombosis of the mesenteric vein as a complication of Mediterranean spotted fever. Clin Infect Dis 15: 1070–1071.
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14.
Prasannan A , Ramaswamy P , Anirudhan VK , 2017. Rickettsial fever presenting with gangrene: a case series. J Clin Diagn Res 11: PR01–PR03.
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Kirkland KB , Marcom PK , Sexton DJ , Dumler JS , Walker DH , 1993. Rocky Mountain spotted fever complicated by gangrene: report of six cases and review. Clin Infect Dis 16: 629–634.
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16.
Panagopoulos P , Terzi I , Karanikas M , Galanopoulos N , Maltezos E , 2014. Myocarditis, pancreatitis, polyarthritis, mononeuritis multiplex and vasculitis with symmetrical peripheral gangrene of the lower extremities as a rare presentation of leptospirosis: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Reports 8: 150.
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17.
Singh J , Himanshu D , Nim RK , Dinkar A , Gupta KK , 2016. Meningitis with digital gangrene in meningococcal infection: an atypical presentation. J Clin Diagn Res 10: OD03–OD04.
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Digital Gangrene Associated with Scrub Typhus: A Case Series
Jitendra Singh
Jitendra Singh
Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India;
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Anju Dinkar
Anju Dinkar
Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India;
Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Nilesh Kumar
Nilesh Kumar
Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India;
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Kailash Kumar
Kailash Kumar
Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India;
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Nidhi Tejan
Nidhi Tejan
Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India;
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ABSTRACT.
Rickettsial diseases cover a broad spectrum of illnesses. Scrub typhus is present worldwide, and Orientia tsutsugamushi is the causative agent of this chigger mite–borne infectious illness. Infections exhibit a range of severity, from mild illness to the more severe manifestation of multiorgan failure. We report three cases of scrub fever (55-year-old female, 63-year-old female, and 29-year-old male), all cases developed focal or pan-digital gangrene. All cases were successfully treated by administering doxycycline and additional supportive measures. Digital gangrene is uncommon in scrub typhus. Clinical suspension for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment may avoid further complications.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Jitendra Singh, Nilesh Kumar, and Kailash Kumar, Department of General Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, E-mails: drjitengsvm@gmail.com, nilesharreno19@gmail.com, and kkg@bhu.ac.in. Anju Dinkar, Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India and Department of Microbiology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India, E-mail: dranjudinkar@gmail.com. Nidhi Tejan, Department of Microbiology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India, E-mail: drnidhitejan@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Dave M , Jain S , Nath H , Nagraj , 2020. Digital gangrene: a rare complication in scrub typhus. J Indian Acad Clin Med 21: 187–189.
-
2.
Richards AL , Jiang J , 2020. Scrub typhus: historic perspective and current status of the worldwide presence of Orientia species. Trop Med Infect Dis 5: 49.
-
3.
Devasagayam E , Dayanand D , Kundu D , Kamath MS , Kirubakaran R , Varghese GM , 2021. The burden of scrub typhus in India: a systematic review. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 15: e0009619.
-
4.
Hornick RB , Bennett JC & Plum F Goldman: Cecil Textbook of Medicine. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: WB Saunders Company, 1911–1912.
-
5.
Watt G , Parola P , 2003. Scrub typhus and tropical rickettsioses. Curr Opin Infect Dis 16: 429–436.
-
6.
Watt G , Walker DH , Guerrant RL , Walker DH & Weller PF Tropical Infectious Diseases Principles, Pathogens and Practice. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone, 557–563.
-
7.
Rijhwani P , Charan A , Agrawal CM , Pahadia MR , Gupta S , Anand H , 2017. Pan digital gangrene: A rare phenomenon in scrub typhus. J Mahatma Gandhi Univ Med Sci Tech 2: 35–37.
-
8.
Walker DH , Dumler JS , Blanton LS & Thomas M et al.Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. 21st ed. New York, NY: McGraw Hill, 1303–1313.
-
9.
Moron CG , Popov VL , Feng HM , Wear D , Walker DH , 2001. Identification of the target cells of Orientia tsutsugamushi in human cases of scrub typhus. Mod Pathol 14: 752–759.
-
10.
Premaratna R , Chandrasena TG , Dassayake AS , Loftis AD , Dasch GA , de Silva HJ , 2006. Acute hearing loss due to scrub typhus: a forgotten complication of a reemerging disease. Clin Infect Dis 42: e6–e8.
-
11.
Joshi HS , Thomas M , Warrier A , Kumar S , 2012. Gangrene in cases of spotted fever: a report of three cases. BMJ Case Rep 2012: bcr2012007295.
-
12.
Tsay RW , Chang FY , 1998. Serious complications in scrub typhus. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 31: 240–244.
-
13.
Landau Z , Feld S , Kunichezky S , Grinspan M , Gorbacz M , 1992. Thrombosis of the mesenteric vein as a complication of Mediterranean spotted fever. Clin Infect Dis 15: 1070–1071.
-
14.
Prasannan A , Ramaswamy P , Anirudhan VK , 2017. Rickettsial fever presenting with gangrene: a case series. J Clin Diagn Res 11: PR01–PR03.
-
15.
Kirkland KB , Marcom PK , Sexton DJ , Dumler JS , Walker DH , 1993. Rocky Mountain spotted fever complicated by gangrene: report of six cases and review. Clin Infect Dis 16: 629–634.
-
16.
Panagopoulos P , Terzi I , Karanikas M , Galanopoulos N , Maltezos E , 2014. Myocarditis, pancreatitis, polyarthritis, mononeuritis multiplex and vasculitis with symmetrical peripheral gangrene of the lower extremities as a rare presentation of leptospirosis: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Case Reports 8: 150.
-
17.
Singh J , Himanshu D , Nim RK , Dinkar A , Gupta KK , 2016. Meningitis with digital gangrene in meningococcal infection: an atypical presentation. J Clin Diagn Res 10: OD03–OD04.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 908 | 908 | 94 |
| Full Text Views | 52 | 52 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 65 | 65 | 0 |