Weaver SC, Lecuit M, 2015. Chikungunya virus and the global spread of a mosquito-borne disease. N Engl J Med 372: 1231–1239.
Amaral JK, Schoen RT, 2018. Chikungunya in Brazil: rheumatologists on the front line. J Rheumatol 45: 1491–1492.
Benjamanukul S, Osiri M, Chansaenroj J, Chirathaworn C, Poovorawan Y, 2021. Rheumatic manifestations of chikungunya virus infection: prevalence, patterns, and enthesitis. PLoS One 16: e0249867.
Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Cardona-Ospina JA, Fernanda Urbano-Garzon S, Sebastian Hurtado-Zapata J, 2016. Prevalence of post-chikungunya infection chronic inflammatory arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 68: 1849–1858.
Rodriguez-Morales AJ et al., 2016. Post-chikungunya chronic inflammatory rheumatism: results from a retrospective follow-up study of 283 adult and child cases in La Virginia, Risaralda, Colombia. F1000 Res 5: 360.
Simon F et al., 2015. French guidelines for the management of chikungunya (acute and persistent presentations). Med Mal Infect 45: 243–263.
Amaral JK, Sutaria R, Schoen RT, 2018. Treatment of chronic chikungunya arthritis with methotrexate: a systematic review. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 70: 1501–1508.
Amaral JK, Bingham CO, Schoen RT, 2020. Successful methotrexate treatment of chronic chikungunya arthritis. J Clin Rheumatol 26: 119–124.
Marques CDL et al., 2017. Recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology for the diagnosis and treatment of chikungunya fever. Part 2 – treatment. Rev Bras Reumatol Engl 57 (Suppl 2 ):438–451.
Ministry of Health of Brazil, Department of Health Surveillance , 2022 . Boletim Epidemiológico: Monitoring of Cases of Dengue and Chikungunya Fever until Epidemiological Week 47, 2022. Available at: https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/boletins/epidemiologicos/edicoes/2022/boletim-epidemiologico-vol-53-no44/view. Accessed December 5, 2022.
Amaral JK, Bilsborrow JB, Schoen RT, 2019. Brief report: the disability of chronic chikungunya arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 38: 2011–2014.
Hjermstad MJ, Fayers RP, Haugen DF, Caraceni A, Hanks GW, Loge JH, Rainsinger R, Aass N, Kaasa S; European Palliative Care Research Collaborative , 2011. Studies comparing numerical rating scales, verbal rating scales, and visual analogue scales for assessment of pain intensity in adults: a systematic literature review. J Pain Symptom Manage 41: 1073–1093.
Wells G, Becker J-C, Teng J, Dougados M, Schiff M, Smolen J, Aletaha D, van Riel PLCM, 2009. Validation of the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) and European League Against Rheumatism response criteria based on C-reactive protein against disease progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and comparison with the DAS28 based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Ann Rheum Dis 68: 954–960.
Webb E et al.., 2022. An evaluation of global chikungunya clinical management guidelines: a systematic review. EClinicalMedicine 54: 101672.
Javelle E, Ribera A, Degasne I, Gaüzère BA, Marimoutou C, Simon F, 2015. Specific management of post-chikungunya rheumatic disorders: a retrospective study of 159 cases in Reunion Island from 2006–2012. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003603.
World Health Organization , 2008. Guidelines on Clinical Management of Chikungunya Fever. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/guidelines-on-clinical-management-of-chikungunya-fever. Accessed August 22, 2022.
Brito CAA et al., 2020. Update on the treatment of musculoskeletal manifestations in chikungunya fever: a guideline. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 53: e20190517.
Bedoui Y, Giry C, Jaffar-Bandjee MC, Selambarom J, Guiraud P, Gasque P, 2018. Immunomodulatory drug methotrexate used to treat patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatisms post-chikungunya does not impair the synovial antiviral and bone repair responses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12: e0006634.
Salliot C, van der Heijde D, 2009. Long-term safety of methotrexate monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature research. Ann Rheum Dis 68: 1100–1104.
Nkoghe D, Kassa RF, Caron M, Grard G, Mombo I, Bikié B, Paupy C, Becquart P, Bisvigou U, Leroy EM, 2012. Clinical forms of chikungunya in Gabon, 2010. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 6: e1517.
Borgherini G, Poubeau P, Staikowsky F, Lory M, Le Moullec N, Becquart JP, Wengling C, Michault A, Paganin F, 2017. Outbreak of chikungunya on Reunion Island: early clinical and laboratory features in 157 adult patients. Clin Infect Dis 44: 1401–1407.
Thiberville SD, Boisson V, Gaudart J, Simon F, Flahault A, de Lamballerie X, 2013. Chikungunya fever: a clinical and virological investigation of outpatients on Reunion Island, South-West Indian Ocean. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2004.
Rahman MM et al., 2019. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of an acute chikungunya outbreak in Bangladesh in 2017. Am J Trop Med Hyg 100: 405–410.
Blettery M, Lrunier L, Polomat K, Moinet F, Deligny C, Arfi S, Jean-Baptiste G, De Bandt M, 2016. Management of chronic post-chikungunya rheumatic disease: the Martinican experience. Arthritis Rheumatol 68: 2817–2824.
Chang AY et al., 2018. Chikungunya arthritis mechanisms in the Americas: a cross-sectional analysis of chikungunya arthritis patients twenty-two months after infection demonstrating no detectable viral persistence in synovial fluid. Arthritis Rheumatol 70: 585–593.
Watson H, Nogueira-Hayd RL, Rodrigues-Moreno M, Naveca F, Calusi G, Suchowiecki K, Firestein GS, Simon G, Change AY, 2021. Tender and swollen joint counts are poorly associated with disability in chikungunya arthritis compared to rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 11: 18578.
Tritsch SR et al., 2020. Chronic joint pain 3 years after chikungunya virus infection largely characterized by relapsing-remitting symptoms [published correction appears in J Rheumatol 2021 48:1350]. J Rheumatol 47: 1267–1274.
Rampes S, Patel V, Bosworth A, Jacklin C, Nagra D, Yates M, Norton S, Galloway JB, 2021. Systematic review and metaanalysis of the reproducibility of patient self-reported joint counts in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 48: 1784–1792.
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Chikungunya fever is a global vector-borne viral disease. Patients with acute chikungunya are usually treated symptomatically. The arthritic phase may be self-limiting. However, many patients develop extremely disabling arthritis that does not improve after months. The aim of this study was to describe the treatment of chikungunya arthritis (CHIKA) patients. A medical records review was conducted in 133 CHIKA patients seen at a rheumatology practice. Patients were diagnosed by clinical criteria and confirmed by the presence of anti-chikungunya IgM. Patients were treated with methotrexate (20 mg/week) and/or leflunomide (20 mg/day) and dexamethasone (0–4 mg/day) for 4 weeks. At baseline visit and 4 weeks after treatment, Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) and pain (using a visual analog scale) were ascertained. Five months after the end of treatment, patients were contacted to assess pain, tender joint count, and swollen joint count. The mean age of patients was 58.6 ± 13.7 years, and 119 (85%) were female. After 4 weeks of treatment, mean (SD) DAS28-erythrocyte sedimentation rate (6.0 [1.2] versus 2.7 [1.0], P < 0.001) and pain (81.8 [19.2] to 13.3 [22.9], P < 0.001) scores significantly decreased. A total of 123 patients were contacted 5 months after the end of treatment. Pain score, tender joint count, and swollen joint count significantly declined after 4 weeks of treatment, and the response was sustained for 5 months. In this group of patients with CHIKA, 4-week treatment induced a rapid clinical improvement that was maintained 5 months after the end of therapy; however, the contribution of treatment to these outcomes is uncertain.
Authors’ addresses: J. Kennedy Amaral, Institute of Diagnostic Medicine of Cariri, Juazeiro do Norte, Brazil, E-mail: kennedyamaral@ufmg.br. Clifton O. Bingham III, Johns Hopkins Arthritis Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, E-mail: cbingha2@jhmi.edu. Peter C. Taylor, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom, E-mail: peter.taylor@kennedy.ox.ac.uk. Luis M. Vilá, Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, Puerto Rico, E-mail: luis.vila2@upr.edu. Michael E. Weinblatt, Division of Rheumatology, Inflammation, and Immunity, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, E-mail: mweinblatt@bwh.harvard.edu. Robert T. Schoen, Section of Rheumatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, E-mail: robert.schoen@yale.edu.
Weaver SC, Lecuit M, 2015. Chikungunya virus and the global spread of a mosquito-borne disease. N Engl J Med 372: 1231–1239.
Amaral JK, Schoen RT, 2018. Chikungunya in Brazil: rheumatologists on the front line. J Rheumatol 45: 1491–1492.
Benjamanukul S, Osiri M, Chansaenroj J, Chirathaworn C, Poovorawan Y, 2021. Rheumatic manifestations of chikungunya virus infection: prevalence, patterns, and enthesitis. PLoS One 16: e0249867.
Rodriguez-Morales AJ, Cardona-Ospina JA, Fernanda Urbano-Garzon S, Sebastian Hurtado-Zapata J, 2016. Prevalence of post-chikungunya infection chronic inflammatory arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 68: 1849–1858.
Rodriguez-Morales AJ et al., 2016. Post-chikungunya chronic inflammatory rheumatism: results from a retrospective follow-up study of 283 adult and child cases in La Virginia, Risaralda, Colombia. F1000 Res 5: 360.
Simon F et al., 2015. French guidelines for the management of chikungunya (acute and persistent presentations). Med Mal Infect 45: 243–263.
Amaral JK, Sutaria R, Schoen RT, 2018. Treatment of chronic chikungunya arthritis with methotrexate: a systematic review. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 70: 1501–1508.
Amaral JK, Bingham CO, Schoen RT, 2020. Successful methotrexate treatment of chronic chikungunya arthritis. J Clin Rheumatol 26: 119–124.
Marques CDL et al., 2017. Recommendations of the Brazilian Society of Rheumatology for the diagnosis and treatment of chikungunya fever. Part 2 – treatment. Rev Bras Reumatol Engl 57 (Suppl 2 ):438–451.
Ministry of Health of Brazil, Department of Health Surveillance , 2022 . Boletim Epidemiológico: Monitoring of Cases of Dengue and Chikungunya Fever until Epidemiological Week 47, 2022. Available at: https://www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/boletins/epidemiologicos/edicoes/2022/boletim-epidemiologico-vol-53-no44/view. Accessed December 5, 2022.
Amaral JK, Bilsborrow JB, Schoen RT, 2019. Brief report: the disability of chronic chikungunya arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 38: 2011–2014.
Hjermstad MJ, Fayers RP, Haugen DF, Caraceni A, Hanks GW, Loge JH, Rainsinger R, Aass N, Kaasa S; European Palliative Care Research Collaborative , 2011. Studies comparing numerical rating scales, verbal rating scales, and visual analogue scales for assessment of pain intensity in adults: a systematic literature review. J Pain Symptom Manage 41: 1073–1093.
Wells G, Becker J-C, Teng J, Dougados M, Schiff M, Smolen J, Aletaha D, van Riel PLCM, 2009. Validation of the 28-joint disease activity score (DAS28) and European League Against Rheumatism response criteria based on C-reactive protein against disease progression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and comparison with the DAS28 based on erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Ann Rheum Dis 68: 954–960.
Webb E et al.., 2022. An evaluation of global chikungunya clinical management guidelines: a systematic review. EClinicalMedicine 54: 101672.
Javelle E, Ribera A, Degasne I, Gaüzère BA, Marimoutou C, Simon F, 2015. Specific management of post-chikungunya rheumatic disorders: a retrospective study of 159 cases in Reunion Island from 2006–2012. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003603.
World Health Organization , 2008. Guidelines on Clinical Management of Chikungunya Fever. Available at: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/guidelines-on-clinical-management-of-chikungunya-fever. Accessed August 22, 2022.
Brito CAA et al., 2020. Update on the treatment of musculoskeletal manifestations in chikungunya fever: a guideline. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 53: e20190517.
Bedoui Y, Giry C, Jaffar-Bandjee MC, Selambarom J, Guiraud P, Gasque P, 2018. Immunomodulatory drug methotrexate used to treat patients with chronic inflammatory rheumatisms post-chikungunya does not impair the synovial antiviral and bone repair responses. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 12: e0006634.
Salliot C, van der Heijde D, 2009. Long-term safety of methotrexate monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a systematic literature research. Ann Rheum Dis 68: 1100–1104.
Nkoghe D, Kassa RF, Caron M, Grard G, Mombo I, Bikié B, Paupy C, Becquart P, Bisvigou U, Leroy EM, 2012. Clinical forms of chikungunya in Gabon, 2010. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 6: e1517.
Borgherini G, Poubeau P, Staikowsky F, Lory M, Le Moullec N, Becquart JP, Wengling C, Michault A, Paganin F, 2017. Outbreak of chikungunya on Reunion Island: early clinical and laboratory features in 157 adult patients. Clin Infect Dis 44: 1401–1407.
Thiberville SD, Boisson V, Gaudart J, Simon F, Flahault A, de Lamballerie X, 2013. Chikungunya fever: a clinical and virological investigation of outpatients on Reunion Island, South-West Indian Ocean. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2004.
Rahman MM et al., 2019. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of an acute chikungunya outbreak in Bangladesh in 2017. Am J Trop Med Hyg 100: 405–410.
Blettery M, Lrunier L, Polomat K, Moinet F, Deligny C, Arfi S, Jean-Baptiste G, De Bandt M, 2016. Management of chronic post-chikungunya rheumatic disease: the Martinican experience. Arthritis Rheumatol 68: 2817–2824.
Chang AY et al., 2018. Chikungunya arthritis mechanisms in the Americas: a cross-sectional analysis of chikungunya arthritis patients twenty-two months after infection demonstrating no detectable viral persistence in synovial fluid. Arthritis Rheumatol 70: 585–593.
Watson H, Nogueira-Hayd RL, Rodrigues-Moreno M, Naveca F, Calusi G, Suchowiecki K, Firestein GS, Simon G, Change AY, 2021. Tender and swollen joint counts are poorly associated with disability in chikungunya arthritis compared to rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 11: 18578.
Tritsch SR et al., 2020. Chronic joint pain 3 years after chikungunya virus infection largely characterized by relapsing-remitting symptoms [published correction appears in J Rheumatol 2021 48:1350]. J Rheumatol 47: 1267–1274.
Rampes S, Patel V, Bosworth A, Jacklin C, Nagra D, Yates M, Norton S, Galloway JB, 2021. Systematic review and metaanalysis of the reproducibility of patient self-reported joint counts in rheumatoid arthritis. J Rheumatol 48: 1784–1792.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 3469 | 2134 | 215 |
Full Text Views | 216 | 42 | 1 |
PDF Downloads | 126 | 45 | 3 |