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RefWorks
Reference Manager
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-
1.
Bourg N , Schaeffer A , Cetina-Heredia P , Lawes JC , Lee D , 2022. Driving the blue fleet: temporal variability and drivers behind bluebottle (Physalia physalis) beachings off Sydney, Australia. PLoS One 17: e0265593.
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2.
Munro C , Vue Z , Behringer RR , Dunn CW , 2019. Morphology and development of the Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis. Sci Rep 9: 15522.
-
3.
Prieto L , MacÃas D , Peliz A , Ruiz J , 2015. Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) in the Mediterranean: a permanent invasion or a casual appearance? Sci Rep 5: 11545.
-
4.
D’Ambra I , Lauritano C , 2020. A review of toxins from Cnidaria. Mar Drugs 18: 507.
-
5.
Cegolon L , Heymann WC , Lange JH , Mastrangelo G , 2013. Jellyfish stings and their management: a review. Mar Drugs 11: 523–550.
-
6.
Burnett JW , Gean CJ , Calton GJ , Warnick JE , 1985. The effect of verapamil on the cardiotoxic activity of Portuguese man-o’war (Physalia physalis) and sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) venoms. Toxicon 23: 681–689.
-
7.
Spielman FJ , Bowe EA , Watson CB , Klein EF , 1982. Acute renal failure as a result of Physalia physalis sting. South Med J 75: 1425–1426.
-
8.
Stillway LW , Lane CE , 1971. Phospholipase in the nematocyst toxin of Physalia physalis. Toxicon 9: 193–195.
-
9.
Menéndez R , Mas R , Garateix A , GarcÃa M , Chavez M , 1990. Effects of a high molecular weight polypeptidic toxin from Physalia physalis (Portuguese man-of-war) on cholinergic responses. Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol Toxicol 95: 63–69.
-
10.
Burnett JW , Gable WD , 1989. A fatal jellyfish envenomation by the Portuguese man-o’war. Toxicon 27: 823–824.
-
11.
Stein MR , Marraccini JV , Rothschild NE , Burnett JW , 1989. Fatal Portuguese man-o’-war (Physalia physalis) envenomation. Ann Emerg Med 18: 312–315.
-
12.
Miyamoto D , Santi CG , Aoki V , Maruta CW , 2019. Bullous pemphigoid. An Bras Dermatol 94: 133–146.
-
13.
Li L , McGee RG , Isbister G , Webster AC , 2013. Interventions for the symptoms and signs resulting from jellyfish stings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013: CD009688.
-
14.
Wilcox CL , Yanagihara AA , 2016. Heated debates: hot-water immersion or ice packs as first aid for cnidarian envenomations? Toxins (Basel) 8: 97.
-
15.
Cavalcante MMES , Rodrigues ZMR , Hauser-Davis RA , Siciliano S , Haddad Júnior V , Nunes JLS , 2020. Health-risk assessment of Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) envenomations on urban beaches in São LuÃs city, in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 53: e20200216.
-
16.
Bastos DM , Haddad V , Nunes JL , 2017. Human envenomations caused by Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) in urban beaches of São Luis City, Maranhão State, Northeast Coast of Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 50: 130–134.
-
17.
Gao Y , Kuok KI , Jin Y , Wang R , 2019. Biomedical applications of Aloe vera. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 59 (Suppl 1): S244–S256.
-
18.
Cazorla-Perfetti DJ , Loyo J , Lugo L , Acosta ME , Morales P , Haddad V Jr , Rodriguez-Morales AJ , 2012. Epidemiology of the Cnidarian Physalia physalis stings attended at a health care center in beaches of Adicora, Venezuela. Travel Med Infect Dis 10: 263–266.
-
19.
Moleiro S , Pereira A , Paiva Lopes MJ , 2013. Marine dermatitis following exposure to a Portuguese-man-of-war. Acta Med Port 26: 66–69.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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| Abstract Views | 2125 | 1266 | 154 |
| Full Text Views | 849 | 30 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 152 | 32 | 0 |
Case Report: Unusual Bullous Reaction to Physalia physalis Venom after Recurrent Envenomation
Kevin Yang
Kevin Yang
Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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Jeffrey D. Klausner
Jeffrey D. Klausner
Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
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ABSTRACT.
Physalia physalis, often referred to colloquially as Portuguese man-of-war or bluebottle jellyfish, is a jellyfish-like organism found in tropical and subtropical areas of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. Most often, envenomation by P. physalis tentacles results in painful but self-resolving epidermal stings. We report on two clinic visits of a patient who suffered from worsening reactions to recurrent P. physalis envenomation. The first clinical episode involved urticaria and severe pruritus that was worse than the pruritus the patient had experienced upon envenomation in the past. The second episode involved an unusual bullous reaction. Further study into the compounds present in P. physalis venom may help elucidate the mechanism of the present case and other abnormal reactions to envenomation. Patients and providers who care for patients at risk for recurrent stings (e.g., surfers, fishermen) should be cognizant of the potential for worsening reactions to envenomation. Further study into therapies such as oral antihistamines and Aloe vera gel may uncover additional appropriate treatments for symptomatic relief of P. physalis envenomation.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Kevin Yang and Jeffrey D. Klausner, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, E-mails: kjyang@usc.edu and jdklausner@med.usc.edu.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Bourg N , Schaeffer A , Cetina-Heredia P , Lawes JC , Lee D , 2022. Driving the blue fleet: temporal variability and drivers behind bluebottle (Physalia physalis) beachings off Sydney, Australia. PLoS One 17: e0265593.
-
2.
Munro C , Vue Z , Behringer RR , Dunn CW , 2019. Morphology and development of the Portuguese man of war, Physalia physalis. Sci Rep 9: 15522.
-
3.
Prieto L , MacÃas D , Peliz A , Ruiz J , 2015. Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) in the Mediterranean: a permanent invasion or a casual appearance? Sci Rep 5: 11545.
-
4.
D’Ambra I , Lauritano C , 2020. A review of toxins from Cnidaria. Mar Drugs 18: 507.
-
5.
Cegolon L , Heymann WC , Lange JH , Mastrangelo G , 2013. Jellyfish stings and their management: a review. Mar Drugs 11: 523–550.
-
6.
Burnett JW , Gean CJ , Calton GJ , Warnick JE , 1985. The effect of verapamil on the cardiotoxic activity of Portuguese man-o’war (Physalia physalis) and sea nettle (Chrysaora quinquecirrha) venoms. Toxicon 23: 681–689.
-
7.
Spielman FJ , Bowe EA , Watson CB , Klein EF , 1982. Acute renal failure as a result of Physalia physalis sting. South Med J 75: 1425–1426.
-
8.
Stillway LW , Lane CE , 1971. Phospholipase in the nematocyst toxin of Physalia physalis. Toxicon 9: 193–195.
-
9.
Menéndez R , Mas R , Garateix A , GarcÃa M , Chavez M , 1990. Effects of a high molecular weight polypeptidic toxin from Physalia physalis (Portuguese man-of-war) on cholinergic responses. Comp Biochem Physiol C Comp Pharmacol Toxicol 95: 63–69.
-
10.
Burnett JW , Gable WD , 1989. A fatal jellyfish envenomation by the Portuguese man-o’war. Toxicon 27: 823–824.
-
11.
Stein MR , Marraccini JV , Rothschild NE , Burnett JW , 1989. Fatal Portuguese man-o’-war (Physalia physalis) envenomation. Ann Emerg Med 18: 312–315.
-
12.
Miyamoto D , Santi CG , Aoki V , Maruta CW , 2019. Bullous pemphigoid. An Bras Dermatol 94: 133–146.
-
13.
Li L , McGee RG , Isbister G , Webster AC , 2013. Interventions for the symptoms and signs resulting from jellyfish stings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013: CD009688.
-
14.
Wilcox CL , Yanagihara AA , 2016. Heated debates: hot-water immersion or ice packs as first aid for cnidarian envenomations? Toxins (Basel) 8: 97.
-
15.
Cavalcante MMES , Rodrigues ZMR , Hauser-Davis RA , Siciliano S , Haddad Júnior V , Nunes JLS , 2020. Health-risk assessment of Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) envenomations on urban beaches in São LuÃs city, in the state of Maranhão, Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 53: e20200216.
-
16.
Bastos DM , Haddad V , Nunes JL , 2017. Human envenomations caused by Portuguese man-of-war (Physalia physalis) in urban beaches of São Luis City, Maranhão State, Northeast Coast of Brazil. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 50: 130–134.
-
17.
Gao Y , Kuok KI , Jin Y , Wang R , 2019. Biomedical applications of Aloe vera. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 59 (Suppl 1): S244–S256.
-
18.
Cazorla-Perfetti DJ , Loyo J , Lugo L , Acosta ME , Morales P , Haddad V Jr , Rodriguez-Morales AJ , 2012. Epidemiology of the Cnidarian Physalia physalis stings attended at a health care center in beaches of Adicora, Venezuela. Travel Med Infect Dis 10: 263–266.
-
19.
Moleiro S , Pereira A , Paiva Lopes MJ , 2013. Marine dermatitis following exposure to a Portuguese-man-of-war. Acta Med Port 26: 66–69.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 2125 | 1266 | 154 |
| Full Text Views | 849 | 30 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 152 | 32 | 0 |