Gubler DJ , 2011. Dengue, urbanization and globalization: the unholy trinity of the 21st century. Trop Med Health 39: S3–S11.
Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization , 2022. Health Information Platform for the Americas. Available at: https://www3.paho.org/data/index.php/en/mnu-topics/indicadores-dengue-en/dengue-nacional-en/252-dengue-pais-ano-en.html?start=2. Accessed August 7, 2022.
Hiscox A , Kaye A , Vongphayloth K , Banks I , Piffer M , Khammanithong P , Sananikhom P , Kaul S , Hill N , Lindsay SW , Brey PT , 2013. Risk factors for the presence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in domestic water-holding containers in areas impacted by the Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project, Laos. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 1070–1078.
Morales-Pérez A et al., 2017. Aedes aegypti breeding ecology in Guerrero: cross-sectional study of mosquito breeding sites from the baseline for the Camino Verde trial in Mexico. BMC Public Health 17: 450.
Overgaard HJ , Olano VA , Jaramillo JF , Matiz MI , Sarmiento D , Stenström TA , Alexander N , 2017. A cross-sectional survey of Aedes aegypti immature abundance in urban and rural household containers in central Colombia. Parasit Vectors 10: 356.
Louis VR , Montenegro Quiñonez CA , Kusumawathie P , Palihawadana P , Janaki S , Tozan Y , Wijemuni R , Wilder-Smith A , Tissera HA , 2016. Characteristics of and factors associated with dengue vector breeding sites in the city of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Pathog Glob Health 110: 79–86.
Martínez-Vega RA , Danis-Lozano R , Velasco-Hernández J , Díaz-Quijano FA , González-Fernández M , Santos R , Román S , Argáez-Sosa J , Nakamura M , Ramos-Castañeda J , 2012. A prospective cohort study to evaluate peridomestic infection as a determinant of dengue transmission: protocol. BMC Public Health 12: 262.
México , 2011. NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM-032-SSA2-2010, Para la vigilancia epidemiológica, prevención y control de enfermedades transmitidas por vector. Diario Oficial Federacion. Available at: http://www.cenaprece.salud.gob.mx/programas/interior/vectores/descargas/pdf/nom_032_ssa2_2010_norma_petv.pdf. Accessed August 7, 2022.
Tun-Lin W , Kay BH , Barnes A , 1995. The Premise Condition Index: a tool for streamlining surveys of Aedes aegypti. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53: 591–594.
Textor J , van der Zander B , Gilthorpe MS , Liskiewicz M , Ellison GT , 2016. Robust causal inference using directed acyclic graphs: the R package ‘dagitty’. Int J Epidemiol 45: 1887–1894.
Dominguez MC , Ludueña FF , Almiron WR , 2000. Population dynamics of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Córdoba. Rev Soc Entomol Argent 59: 41–50.
Hayden MH , Uejio CK , Walker K , Ramberg F , Moreno R , Rosales C , Gameros M , Mearns LO , Zielinski-Gutierrez E , Janes CR , 2010. Microclimate and human factors in the divergent ecology of Aedes aegypti along the Arizona, U.S./Sonora, MX border. EcoHealth 7: 64–77.
Barrera R , Amador M , MacKay AJ , 2011. Population dynamics of Aedes aegypti and dengue as influenced by weather and human behavior in San Juan, Puerto Rico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1378.
Villegas-Trejo A , Che-Mendoza A , González-Fernández M , Guillermo-May G , González-Bejarano H , Dzul-Manzanilla F , Ulloa-García A , Danis-Lozano R , Manrique-Saide P , 2011. Control enfocado de Aedes aegypti en localidades de alto riesgo de transmisión de dengue en Morelos, México. Salud Publica Mex 53: 141–151.
Manrique-Saide P , Davies CR , Coleman PG , Rebollar-Tellez E , Che-Medoza A , Dzul-Manzanilla F , Zapata-Peniche A , 2008. Pupal surveys for Aedes aegypti surveillance and potential targeted control in residential areas of Mérida, México. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 24: 289–298.
Ramos MM et al., 2008. Epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever at the Texas–Mexico border: results of a household-based seroepidemiologic survey, December. Am J Trop Med Hyg 78: 364–369.
Walker KR , Williamson D , Carrière Y , Reyes-Castro PA , Haenchen S , Hayden MH , Jeffrey Gutierrez E , Ernst KC , 2018. Socioeconomic and human behavioral factors associated with Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) immature habitat in Tucson, AZ. J Med Entomol 55: 955–963.
Bisset Lazcano JA , del Carmen Marquetti M , Portillo R , Rodríguez MM , Suárez S , Leyva M , 2006. Ecological factors linked to the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in highly infested areas of Playa, a municipality belonging to Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. Rev Panam Salud Publica 19: 379–384.
Spiegel JM , Bonet M , Ibarra A-M , Pagliccia N , Ouellette V , Yassi A , 2007. Social and environmental determinants of Aedes aegypti infestation in Central Havana: results of a case-control study nested in an integrated dengue surveillance programme in Cuba. Trop Med Int Health 12: 503–510.
Vezzani D , Albicocco AP , 2009. The effect of shade on the container index and pupal productivity of the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens breeding in artificial containers. Med Vet Entomol 23: 78–84.
Manrique-Saide P et al., 2013. The risk of Aedes aegypti breeding and premises condition in south Mexico. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 29: 337–345.
Vásquez-Trujillo A , Cardona-Arango D , Segura-Cardona AM , Portela-Câmara DC , Alves-Honório N , Parra-Henao G , 2021. House-level risk factors for Aedes aegypti infestation in the urban center of Castilla la Nueva, Meta State, Colombia. J Trop Med 2021: 8483236.
Hustedt J et al., 2020. Ability of the premise condition index to identify premises with adult and immature Aedes mosquitoes in Kampong Cham, Cambodia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 102: 1432–1439.
Maciel-de-Freitas R , Lourenço-de-Oliveira R , 2011. Does targeting key-containers effectively reduce Aedes aegypti population density? Trop Med Int Health 16: 965–973.
Kenneson A , Beltrán-Ayala E , Borbor-Cordova MJ , Polhemus ME , Ryan SJ , Endy TP , Stewart-Ibarra AM , 2017. Social-ecological factors and preventive actions decrease the risk of dengue infection at the household-level: results from a prospective dengue surveillance study in Machala, Ecuador. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11: e0006150.
Giraldo-Hurtado TM , Álvarez-Betancur JP , Parra-Henao G , 2018. Factores asociados a la infestación domiciliaria por Ae. aegypti en el corregimiento el Manzanillo, municipio de Itagüí (Antioquia) año 2015. Rev Fac Nac Salud Publica 36: 34–44.
Arosteguí J , Coloma J , Hernández-Alvarez C , Suazo-Laguna H , Balmaseda A , Harris E , Andersson N , Ledogar RJ , 2017. Beyond efficacy in water containers: temephos and household entomological indices in six studies between 2005 and 2013 in Managua, Nicaragua. BMC Public Health 17: 434.
Andersson N et al., 2015. Evidence based community mobilization for dengue prevention in Nicaragua and Mexico (Camino Verde, the Green Way): cluster randomized controlled trial. BMJ 351: h3267.
López-Solís AD , Castillo-Vera A , Cisneros J , Solís-Santoyo F , Penilla-Navarro RP , Black Iv WC , Torres-Estrada JL , Rodríguez AD , 2020. Resistencia a insecticidas en Aedes aegypti y Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) de Tapachula, Chiapas, México. Salud Publica Mex 62: 439–446.
Morales-Pérez A et al., 2017. “Where we put little fish in the water there are no mosquitoes:” a cross-sectional study on biological control of the Aedes aegypti vector in 90 coastal-region communities of Guerrero, Mexico. BMC Public Health 17: 433.
Esu E , Lenhart A , Smith L , Horstick O , 2010. Effectiveness of peridomestic space spraying with insecticide on dengue transmission; systematic review. Trop Med Int Health 15: 619–631.
Codeço CT , Lima AW , Araújo SC , Lima JB , Maciel-de-Freitas R , Honório NA , Galardo AK , Braga IA , Coelho GE , Valle D , 2015. Surveillance of Aedes aegypti: comparison of house index with four alternative traps. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003475.
Martínez-Vega RA , Danis-Lozano R , Díaz-Quijano FA , Velasco-Hernández J , Santos-Luna R , Román-Pérez S , Kuri-Morales P , Ramos-Castañeda J , 2015. Peridomestic infection as a determining factor of dengue transmission. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0004296.
Cromwell EA , Stoddard ST , Barker CM , Van Rie A , Messer WB , Meshnick SR , Morrison AC , Scott TW , 2017. The relationship between entomological indicators of Aedes aegypti abundance and dengue virus infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11: e0005429.
Focks DA , UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases , 2004. A Review of Entomological Sampling Methods and Indicators for Dengue Vectors. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
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Mexico has shown an increase in dengue incidence rates. There are factors related to the location that determine housing infestation by Aedes. This study aimed to determine factors associated with housing infestation by immature forms of Aedes spp. in the dengue endemic localities of Axochiapan and Tepalcingo, Mexico, from 2014 to 2016. A cohort study was carried out. Surveys and inspections of front- and backyards were conducted every 6 months, looking for immature forms of Aedes spp. A house condition scoring scale was developed using three variables (house maintenance, tidiness of the front- and backyards, and shading of the front- and backyards). Multiple and multilevel regression logistic analysis were conducted considering the housing infestation as the outcome and the household characteristics observed 6 months before the outcome as factors; this was adjusted by time (seasonal and cyclical variations of the vector). The infestation oscillated between 5.8% of the houses in the second semester of 2015 and 29.3% in the second semester of 2016. The factors directly associated with housing infestation by Aedes were the house condition score (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 1.64; 95% CI: 1.40–1.91) and the previous record of housing infestation (aOR: 2.99; 95% CI: 2.00–4.48). Moreover, the breeding-site elimination done by house residents reduced the housing infestation odds by 81% (95% CI: 25–95%). These factors were independent of the seasonal and cyclical variations of the vector. In conclusion, our findings could help to focalize antivectorial interventions in dengue-endemic regions with similar demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.
Financial support: This work was supported in part by
Disclosure: Projects were approved by the Institutional Review Board of INSP (CI: 986 and CI: 1223), and written informed consent was obtained from participants.
Authors’ addresses: Ángela Liliana Monroy-Díaz, Programa de Maestría en Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Universidad de Santander, Universidad de Boyacá, Boyacá, Colombia, E-mail: almonroy@uniboyaca.edu.co. José Ramos-Castañeda, Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México, E-mail: jramos@insp.mx. Irma Yvonne Amaya-Larios, Centro Educativo de Humanidades, Jiutepec, Mexico, E-mail: yvonne.amayalarios@gmail.com. Fredi Alexander Diaz-Quijano, Department of Epidemiology—Laboratório de Inferência Causal em Epidemiologia, University of São Paulo, School of Public Health, São Paulo, Brazil, E-mail: frediazq@usp.br. Ruth Aralí Martínez-Vega, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia, E-mails: rutharam@yahoo.com or ruth.martinez@udes.edu.co.
Gubler DJ , 2011. Dengue, urbanization and globalization: the unholy trinity of the 21st century. Trop Med Health 39: S3–S11.
Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization , 2022. Health Information Platform for the Americas. Available at: https://www3.paho.org/data/index.php/en/mnu-topics/indicadores-dengue-en/dengue-nacional-en/252-dengue-pais-ano-en.html?start=2. Accessed August 7, 2022.
Hiscox A , Kaye A , Vongphayloth K , Banks I , Piffer M , Khammanithong P , Sananikhom P , Kaul S , Hill N , Lindsay SW , Brey PT , 2013. Risk factors for the presence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in domestic water-holding containers in areas impacted by the Nam Theun 2 Hydroelectric Project, Laos. Am J Trop Med Hyg 88: 1070–1078.
Morales-Pérez A et al., 2017. Aedes aegypti breeding ecology in Guerrero: cross-sectional study of mosquito breeding sites from the baseline for the Camino Verde trial in Mexico. BMC Public Health 17: 450.
Overgaard HJ , Olano VA , Jaramillo JF , Matiz MI , Sarmiento D , Stenström TA , Alexander N , 2017. A cross-sectional survey of Aedes aegypti immature abundance in urban and rural household containers in central Colombia. Parasit Vectors 10: 356.
Louis VR , Montenegro Quiñonez CA , Kusumawathie P , Palihawadana P , Janaki S , Tozan Y , Wijemuni R , Wilder-Smith A , Tissera HA , 2016. Characteristics of and factors associated with dengue vector breeding sites in the city of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Pathog Glob Health 110: 79–86.
Martínez-Vega RA , Danis-Lozano R , Velasco-Hernández J , Díaz-Quijano FA , González-Fernández M , Santos R , Román S , Argáez-Sosa J , Nakamura M , Ramos-Castañeda J , 2012. A prospective cohort study to evaluate peridomestic infection as a determinant of dengue transmission: protocol. BMC Public Health 12: 262.
México , 2011. NORMA Oficial Mexicana NOM-032-SSA2-2010, Para la vigilancia epidemiológica, prevención y control de enfermedades transmitidas por vector. Diario Oficial Federacion. Available at: http://www.cenaprece.salud.gob.mx/programas/interior/vectores/descargas/pdf/nom_032_ssa2_2010_norma_petv.pdf. Accessed August 7, 2022.
Tun-Lin W , Kay BH , Barnes A , 1995. The Premise Condition Index: a tool for streamlining surveys of Aedes aegypti. Am J Trop Med Hyg 53: 591–594.
Textor J , van der Zander B , Gilthorpe MS , Liskiewicz M , Ellison GT , 2016. Robust causal inference using directed acyclic graphs: the R package ‘dagitty’. Int J Epidemiol 45: 1887–1894.
Dominguez MC , Ludueña FF , Almiron WR , 2000. Population dynamics of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Córdoba. Rev Soc Entomol Argent 59: 41–50.
Hayden MH , Uejio CK , Walker K , Ramberg F , Moreno R , Rosales C , Gameros M , Mearns LO , Zielinski-Gutierrez E , Janes CR , 2010. Microclimate and human factors in the divergent ecology of Aedes aegypti along the Arizona, U.S./Sonora, MX border. EcoHealth 7: 64–77.
Barrera R , Amador M , MacKay AJ , 2011. Population dynamics of Aedes aegypti and dengue as influenced by weather and human behavior in San Juan, Puerto Rico. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 5: e1378.
Villegas-Trejo A , Che-Mendoza A , González-Fernández M , Guillermo-May G , González-Bejarano H , Dzul-Manzanilla F , Ulloa-García A , Danis-Lozano R , Manrique-Saide P , 2011. Control enfocado de Aedes aegypti en localidades de alto riesgo de transmisión de dengue en Morelos, México. Salud Publica Mex 53: 141–151.
Manrique-Saide P , Davies CR , Coleman PG , Rebollar-Tellez E , Che-Medoza A , Dzul-Manzanilla F , Zapata-Peniche A , 2008. Pupal surveys for Aedes aegypti surveillance and potential targeted control in residential areas of Mérida, México. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 24: 289–298.
Ramos MM et al., 2008. Epidemic dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever at the Texas–Mexico border: results of a household-based seroepidemiologic survey, December. Am J Trop Med Hyg 78: 364–369.
Walker KR , Williamson D , Carrière Y , Reyes-Castro PA , Haenchen S , Hayden MH , Jeffrey Gutierrez E , Ernst KC , 2018. Socioeconomic and human behavioral factors associated with Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) immature habitat in Tucson, AZ. J Med Entomol 55: 955–963.
Bisset Lazcano JA , del Carmen Marquetti M , Portillo R , Rodríguez MM , Suárez S , Leyva M , 2006. Ecological factors linked to the presence of Aedes aegypti larvae in highly infested areas of Playa, a municipality belonging to Ciudad de La Habana, Cuba. Rev Panam Salud Publica 19: 379–384.
Spiegel JM , Bonet M , Ibarra A-M , Pagliccia N , Ouellette V , Yassi A , 2007. Social and environmental determinants of Aedes aegypti infestation in Central Havana: results of a case-control study nested in an integrated dengue surveillance programme in Cuba. Trop Med Int Health 12: 503–510.
Vezzani D , Albicocco AP , 2009. The effect of shade on the container index and pupal productivity of the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Culex pipiens breeding in artificial containers. Med Vet Entomol 23: 78–84.
Manrique-Saide P et al., 2013. The risk of Aedes aegypti breeding and premises condition in south Mexico. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 29: 337–345.
Vásquez-Trujillo A , Cardona-Arango D , Segura-Cardona AM , Portela-Câmara DC , Alves-Honório N , Parra-Henao G , 2021. House-level risk factors for Aedes aegypti infestation in the urban center of Castilla la Nueva, Meta State, Colombia. J Trop Med 2021: 8483236.
Hustedt J et al., 2020. Ability of the premise condition index to identify premises with adult and immature Aedes mosquitoes in Kampong Cham, Cambodia. Am J Trop Med Hyg 102: 1432–1439.
Maciel-de-Freitas R , Lourenço-de-Oliveira R , 2011. Does targeting key-containers effectively reduce Aedes aegypti population density? Trop Med Int Health 16: 965–973.
Kenneson A , Beltrán-Ayala E , Borbor-Cordova MJ , Polhemus ME , Ryan SJ , Endy TP , Stewart-Ibarra AM , 2017. Social-ecological factors and preventive actions decrease the risk of dengue infection at the household-level: results from a prospective dengue surveillance study in Machala, Ecuador. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11: e0006150.
Giraldo-Hurtado TM , Álvarez-Betancur JP , Parra-Henao G , 2018. Factores asociados a la infestación domiciliaria por Ae. aegypti en el corregimiento el Manzanillo, municipio de Itagüí (Antioquia) año 2015. Rev Fac Nac Salud Publica 36: 34–44.
Arosteguí J , Coloma J , Hernández-Alvarez C , Suazo-Laguna H , Balmaseda A , Harris E , Andersson N , Ledogar RJ , 2017. Beyond efficacy in water containers: temephos and household entomological indices in six studies between 2005 and 2013 in Managua, Nicaragua. BMC Public Health 17: 434.
Andersson N et al., 2015. Evidence based community mobilization for dengue prevention in Nicaragua and Mexico (Camino Verde, the Green Way): cluster randomized controlled trial. BMJ 351: h3267.
López-Solís AD , Castillo-Vera A , Cisneros J , Solís-Santoyo F , Penilla-Navarro RP , Black Iv WC , Torres-Estrada JL , Rodríguez AD , 2020. Resistencia a insecticidas en Aedes aegypti y Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) de Tapachula, Chiapas, México. Salud Publica Mex 62: 439–446.
Morales-Pérez A et al., 2017. “Where we put little fish in the water there are no mosquitoes:” a cross-sectional study on biological control of the Aedes aegypti vector in 90 coastal-region communities of Guerrero, Mexico. BMC Public Health 17: 433.
Esu E , Lenhart A , Smith L , Horstick O , 2010. Effectiveness of peridomestic space spraying with insecticide on dengue transmission; systematic review. Trop Med Int Health 15: 619–631.
Codeço CT , Lima AW , Araújo SC , Lima JB , Maciel-de-Freitas R , Honório NA , Galardo AK , Braga IA , Coelho GE , Valle D , 2015. Surveillance of Aedes aegypti: comparison of house index with four alternative traps. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0003475.
Martínez-Vega RA , Danis-Lozano R , Díaz-Quijano FA , Velasco-Hernández J , Santos-Luna R , Román-Pérez S , Kuri-Morales P , Ramos-Castañeda J , 2015. Peridomestic infection as a determining factor of dengue transmission. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 9: e0004296.
Cromwell EA , Stoddard ST , Barker CM , Van Rie A , Messer WB , Meshnick SR , Morrison AC , Scott TW , 2017. The relationship between entomological indicators of Aedes aegypti abundance and dengue virus infection. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11: e0005429.
Focks DA , UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases , 2004. A Review of Entomological Sampling Methods and Indicators for Dengue Vectors. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 322 | 322 | 85 |
Full Text Views | 984 | 984 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 171 | 171 | 0 |