Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Bamikole OJ , Ademola SA , Agatha-Christie D , Yellow SI , Etim J , Ajige A-L , Amodu OK , 2022. Genetic variability (785A > G, 516G > T and 64C > T) in the cyp2b6 gene among individuals in southwest Nigeria: implications for malaria treatment. Hum Genet 34: 201104.
-
2.
WHO , 2021. World Malaria Report 2021. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
3.
Tatfeng Y , 2011. The attitude of patients towards the treatment of malaria in Edo State, Nigeria. East Cent Afr J Pharm Sci 14: 95–97.
-
4.
Amambua-Ngwa A , Amenga-Etego L , Kamau E , Amato R , Ghansah A , Golassa L , 2019. Major subpopulations of Plasmodium falciparum in sub-Saharan Africa. Science 365: 813–816.
-
5.
WHO , 2019. World Malaria Report 2019. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
6.
Oboh M , Idowu ET , Olukosi AY , 2017. Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum among pregnant women in south-west Nigeria. Nig J Parasitol 38: 106–113.
-
7.
Adjah J , Fiadzoe B , Ayanful-torgby R , Amoah LE , 2018. Seasonal variations in Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection in asymptomatic children living in southern Ghana. BMC Infect Dis 18: 432.
-
8.
Deloron P , Bertin G , Briand V , Massougbodji A , Cot M , 2010. Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine for malaria during pregnancy. Emerg Infect Dis 16: 1666–1670.
-
9.
Omole M , Onademuren O , 2010. A survey of antimalarial drug use practices among urban dwellers in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Afr J Biomed Res 13: 1–7.
-
10.
Ajayi IO , Sowemimo IO , Akpa OM , Ossai NE , 2016. Prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among residents of Ibadan-North Local Government Area of Nigeria. Nig J Cardiol 1: 67–75.
-
11.
Nwaneri DU , Sadoh AE , Ibadin MO , 2017. Impact of home-based management on malaria outcome in under-fives presenting in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. Malar J 16: 1–9.
-
12.
Iribhogbe OI , Odoya EM , 2020. Self-medication practice with antimalarials & the determinants of malaria treatment-seeking behavior among postpartum mothers in a rural community in Nigeria. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 30: 435–444.
-
13.
Olasehinde G , Yah C , Singh R , Ojuronbge O , Ajayi A , Valecha N , 2000. Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from south western Nigeria. Afr Health Sci 12: 355–361.
-
14.
Amodu OK , Adeyemo AA , Ayoola OO , Gbadegesin RA , Orimadegun AE , Akinsola AK , 2005. Genetic diversity of the msp-1 locus and symptomatic malaria in south-west Nigeria. Acta Trop 95: 226–232.
-
15.
Amodu O , Omotade O , Ademola S , 2015. Changes in Plasmodium falciparum population dynamics in two populations at different time periods in Ibadan, south-west Nigeria. Afr J Biomed Res 18: 17–22.
-
16.
WHO , 2018. World Malaria Report 2018. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
17.
Khammanee T , Sawangjaroen N , Buncherd H , Tun AW , 2019. Molecular surveillance of Pfkelch13 and Pfmdr1 mutations in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from southern Thailand. Korean J Parasitol 57: 369–377.
-
18.
WHO , 2006. WHO Briefing on Malaria Treatment Guidelines and Artemisinin Monotherapies. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
19.
WHO , 2015. Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
20.
WHO , 2017. World Malaria Report 2017. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
21.
Babalola ET , Ojezele MO , Adeyi AO , 2010. Malaria parasitaemia among patients in Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria. J Appl Biosci 29: 1774–1780.
-
22.
Amodu OK , Olumide AO , Uchendu OC , Amodu FA , Omotade OO , 2014. Differences in the malariometric indices of asymptomatic carriers in three communities in Ibadan, Nigeria. Adv Prev Med 2014: 509236.
-
23.
Albashtawy M , Batiha A-M , Tawalbeh L , Tubaishat A , AlAzzam M , 2015. Self-medication among students. J Sch Nurs 31: 110–116.
-
24.
Ateshim Y , Bereket B , Major F , Emun Y , Woldai B , Pasha I , 2019. Prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics and associated factors in the community of Asmara. BMC Public Health 19: 726.
-
25.
WHO , 2014. World Malaria Report 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
26.
Akanbi OM , Odaibo AB , Afolabi KA , Ademowo OG , 2005. Effect of self-medication with antimalarial drugs on malaria infection in pregnant women in south-western Nigeria. Med Princ Pract 14: 6–9.
-
27.
Omolase CO , Adeleke OE , Afolabi AO , Afolabi OT , 2007. Self medication amongst general outpatients in a Nigerian community hospital. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 5: 64–67.
-
28.
Mohseni M , Azami-Aghdash S , Sheyklo SG , Moosavi A , Nakhaee M , Pournaghi-Azar F , 2018. Prevalence and reasons of self-medication in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery 6: 272–284.
-
29.
Kodaolu MY , Fagbamigbe AF , Ajayi IO , 2020. Stocking pattern for anti-malarial medications among proprietary patent medicine vendors in Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria. Malar J 19: 1–15.
-
30.
Berendes S , Adeyemi O , Oladele EA , Oresanya OB , 2012. Are patent medicine vendors effective agents in malaria control? Using lot quality assurance sampling to assess quality of practice in Jigawa. PLoS One 7: e44775.
-
31.
Kehinde OO , Ogunnowo BE , 2013. The pattern of antibiotic use in an urban slum in Lagos State, Nigeria. West African J Pharm 24: 49–57.
-
32.
Pradel G , Schlitzer M , 2010. Antibiotics in malaria therapy and their effect on the parasite apicoplast. Curr Mol Med 49: 335–349.
-
33.
WHO , 2017. World Malaria Report 2016. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
34.
Gaillard T , Madamet M , Tsombeng FF , 2016. Antibiotics in malaria therapy: which antibiotics except tetracyclines and macrolides may be used against malaria? Malar J 15: 35.
-
35.
Dawaki S , Al Mekhlafi HM , Ithoi I , Ibrahim J , Atroosh WM , Abdulsalam AM , 2016. Is Nigeria winning the battle against malaria? Prevalence, risk factors and KAP assessment among Hausa communities in Kano State. Malar J 15: 351.
-
36.
Onyango EO , Ayodo G , Watsierah CA , Were T , Okumu W , Anyona SB , 2012. Factors associated with non-adherence to Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) to malaria in a rural population from holoendemic region of western Kenya. BMC Infect Dis 12: 1.
-
37.
Marwa KJ , Njalika A , Ruganuza D , Katabalo D , Kamugisha E , 2018. Self-medication among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Makongoro health centre in Mwanza, Tanzania: a challenge to health systems. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 18: 1–8.
-
38.
Akoria OA , Arhuidese IJ , 2014. Progress toward elimination of malaria in Nigeria: uptake of artemisinin-based combination therapies for the treatment of malaria in households in Benin City. Ann Afr Med 13: 104–113.
-
39.
Penh P , 2015. Health and Education in Greater Mekong Subregion: Policies, Institutions and Practices. Phnom Penh, Cambodia: GMS-DAN.
-
40.
Ajaiyeoba EO , Oladepo O , Fawole OI , Bolaji OM , Akinboye DO , Ogundahunsi OAT , 2003. Cultural categorization of febrile illnesses in correlation with herbal remedies used for treatment in southwestern Nigeria. J Ethnopharmacol 85: 179–185.
-
41.
Ajaiyeoba EO , Falade CO , Fawole OI , Akinboye DO , Gbotosho GO , Bolaji OM , 2004. Efficacy of herbal remedies used by herbalists in Oyo State Nigeria for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infections – a survey and an observation. Afr J Med Med Sci 33: 115–119.
-
42.
Salawu AT , Fawole OI , Dairo MD , 2016. Patronage and cost of malaria treatment in private hospitals in Ibadan north L.G.A. south western, Nigeria. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 14: 81–84.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 369 | 369 | 76 |
| Full Text Views | 998 | 998 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 170 | 170 | 0 |
Drug Use Practices and Self-Treatment for Suspected Malaria in Ibadan, Nigeria
Oluwayemi J. Bamikole
Oluwayemi J. Bamikole
Molecular and Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria;
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Taiwo H. Olajide
Taiwo H. Olajide
Molecular and Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria;
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Babajide A. Adedeji
Babajide A. Adedeji
Molecular and Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria;
Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria
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Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria
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Subulade A. Ademola
Subulade A. Ademola
Molecular and Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria;
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Ayorinde F. Fayehun
Ayorinde F. Fayehun
Molecular and Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria;
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Noah O. Bukoye
Noah O. Bukoye
Molecular and Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria;
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Miles-Dei B. Olufeagba
Miles-Dei B. Olufeagba
Molecular and Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria;
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Olukemi K. Amodu
Olukemi K. Amodu
Molecular and Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria;
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ABSTRACT.
Antimalarial drug failures have been reported anecdotally in Nigeria, and malarial self-treatment practices could be a contributing factor. This study was designed to assess the pattern of drug use practices and self-treatment options among caregivers in Ibadan, Nigeria. We carried out a descriptive cross-sectional study among 283 study participant pairs (children under 5 years of age with suspected malaria and their caregivers). Structured questionnaires were used as research instruments. The results indicated that most caregivers were mothers (88.8%), 69% of caregivers self-prescribed and self-managed malaria for children under 5 years old without immediate hospital visits, and 76.4% of the caregivers believed most recommended and available antimalarial drugs were ineffective. Generally, 44.2% of respondents preferred and used antibiotics as a treatment strategy for malaria, 13.2% used agbo (a locally made liquid extract of plants and roots), 12.5% used prayers, and 19.6% used antimalarial drugs. Overall, only 57.1% of respondents stated that they always complete the standard antimalarial dosage regimen. The choice of malaria self-treatment options was significantly linked to the level of education. The findings identified antibiotics, agbo, and prayers as the immediate choices for self-treating malaria disease in Ibadan. Furthermore, incomplete adherence to antimalarial drugs is a general practice in Ibadan. Malaria self-treatment policy and continuous education on antimalarial drug use tailored to the different literacy and education levels of the general public is hereby recommended to reduce the risk of development of parasite resistance to effective anti-malarial drugs.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Oluwayemi J. Bamikole, Taiwo H. Olajide, Subulade A. Ademola, Ayorinde F, Fayehun, Noah O. Bukoye, Miles-Dei B. Olufeagba, and Olukemi K. Amodu, Molecular and Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, E-mails: bamikoleyemi@gmail.com, olajidetaiwo15@yahoo.com, subuladeolaniyan@gmail.com, ayofayehun@yahoo.com, noahbukoye@gmail.com, mben.olufsen@gmail.com, and amkemi@hotmail.com. Babajide A. Adedeji, Molecular and Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria, and Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Nigeria, E-mail: boluadedeji@gmail.com.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Bamikole OJ , Ademola SA , Agatha-Christie D , Yellow SI , Etim J , Ajige A-L , Amodu OK , 2022. Genetic variability (785A > G, 516G > T and 64C > T) in the cyp2b6 gene among individuals in southwest Nigeria: implications for malaria treatment. Hum Genet 34: 201104.
-
2.
WHO , 2021. World Malaria Report 2021. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
3.
Tatfeng Y , 2011. The attitude of patients towards the treatment of malaria in Edo State, Nigeria. East Cent Afr J Pharm Sci 14: 95–97.
-
4.
Amambua-Ngwa A , Amenga-Etego L , Kamau E , Amato R , Ghansah A , Golassa L , 2019. Major subpopulations of Plasmodium falciparum in sub-Saharan Africa. Science 365: 813–816.
-
5.
WHO , 2019. World Malaria Report 2019. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
6.
Oboh M , Idowu ET , Olukosi AY , 2017. Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum among pregnant women in south-west Nigeria. Nig J Parasitol 38: 106–113.
-
7.
Adjah J , Fiadzoe B , Ayanful-torgby R , Amoah LE , 2018. Seasonal variations in Plasmodium falciparum genetic diversity and multiplicity of infection in asymptomatic children living in southern Ghana. BMC Infect Dis 18: 432.
-
8.
Deloron P , Bertin G , Briand V , Massougbodji A , Cot M , 2010. Sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine for malaria during pregnancy. Emerg Infect Dis 16: 1666–1670.
-
9.
Omole M , Onademuren O , 2010. A survey of antimalarial drug use practices among urban dwellers in Abeokuta, Nigeria. Afr J Biomed Res 13: 1–7.
-
10.
Ajayi IO , Sowemimo IO , Akpa OM , Ossai NE , 2016. Prevalence of hypertension and associated factors among residents of Ibadan-North Local Government Area of Nigeria. Nig J Cardiol 1: 67–75.
-
11.
Nwaneri DU , Sadoh AE , Ibadin MO , 2017. Impact of home-based management on malaria outcome in under-fives presenting in a tertiary health institution in Nigeria. Malar J 16: 1–9.
-
12.
Iribhogbe OI , Odoya EM , 2020. Self-medication practice with antimalarials & the determinants of malaria treatment-seeking behavior among postpartum mothers in a rural community in Nigeria. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 30: 435–444.
-
13.
Olasehinde G , Yah C , Singh R , Ojuronbge O , Ajayi A , Valecha N , 2000. Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from south western Nigeria. Afr Health Sci 12: 355–361.
-
14.
Amodu OK , Adeyemo AA , Ayoola OO , Gbadegesin RA , Orimadegun AE , Akinsola AK , 2005. Genetic diversity of the msp-1 locus and symptomatic malaria in south-west Nigeria. Acta Trop 95: 226–232.
-
15.
Amodu O , Omotade O , Ademola S , 2015. Changes in Plasmodium falciparum population dynamics in two populations at different time periods in Ibadan, south-west Nigeria. Afr J Biomed Res 18: 17–22.
-
16.
WHO , 2018. World Malaria Report 2018. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
17.
Khammanee T , Sawangjaroen N , Buncherd H , Tun AW , 2019. Molecular surveillance of Pfkelch13 and Pfmdr1 mutations in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from southern Thailand. Korean J Parasitol 57: 369–377.
-
18.
WHO , 2006. WHO Briefing on Malaria Treatment Guidelines and Artemisinin Monotherapies. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
19.
WHO , 2015. Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
20.
WHO , 2017. World Malaria Report 2017. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
21.
Babalola ET , Ojezele MO , Adeyi AO , 2010. Malaria parasitaemia among patients in Ibadan, southwestern Nigeria. J Appl Biosci 29: 1774–1780.
-
22.
Amodu OK , Olumide AO , Uchendu OC , Amodu FA , Omotade OO , 2014. Differences in the malariometric indices of asymptomatic carriers in three communities in Ibadan, Nigeria. Adv Prev Med 2014: 509236.
-
23.
Albashtawy M , Batiha A-M , Tawalbeh L , Tubaishat A , AlAzzam M , 2015. Self-medication among students. J Sch Nurs 31: 110–116.
-
24.
Ateshim Y , Bereket B , Major F , Emun Y , Woldai B , Pasha I , 2019. Prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics and associated factors in the community of Asmara. BMC Public Health 19: 726.
-
25.
WHO , 2014. World Malaria Report 2014. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
26.
Akanbi OM , Odaibo AB , Afolabi KA , Ademowo OG , 2005. Effect of self-medication with antimalarial drugs on malaria infection in pregnant women in south-western Nigeria. Med Princ Pract 14: 6–9.
-
27.
Omolase CO , Adeleke OE , Afolabi AO , Afolabi OT , 2007. Self medication amongst general outpatients in a Nigerian community hospital. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 5: 64–67.
-
28.
Mohseni M , Azami-Aghdash S , Sheyklo SG , Moosavi A , Nakhaee M , Pournaghi-Azar F , 2018. Prevalence and reasons of self-medication in pregnant women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Community Based Nurs Midwifery 6: 272–284.
-
29.
Kodaolu MY , Fagbamigbe AF , Ajayi IO , 2020. Stocking pattern for anti-malarial medications among proprietary patent medicine vendors in Akinyele Local Government Area, Ibadan, Nigeria. Malar J 19: 1–15.
-
30.
Berendes S , Adeyemi O , Oladele EA , Oresanya OB , 2012. Are patent medicine vendors effective agents in malaria control? Using lot quality assurance sampling to assess quality of practice in Jigawa. PLoS One 7: e44775.
-
31.
Kehinde OO , Ogunnowo BE , 2013. The pattern of antibiotic use in an urban slum in Lagos State, Nigeria. West African J Pharm 24: 49–57.
-
32.
Pradel G , Schlitzer M , 2010. Antibiotics in malaria therapy and their effect on the parasite apicoplast. Curr Mol Med 49: 335–349.
-
33.
WHO , 2017. World Malaria Report 2016. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization.
-
34.
Gaillard T , Madamet M , Tsombeng FF , 2016. Antibiotics in malaria therapy: which antibiotics except tetracyclines and macrolides may be used against malaria? Malar J 15: 35.
-
35.
Dawaki S , Al Mekhlafi HM , Ithoi I , Ibrahim J , Atroosh WM , Abdulsalam AM , 2016. Is Nigeria winning the battle against malaria? Prevalence, risk factors and KAP assessment among Hausa communities in Kano State. Malar J 15: 351.
-
36.
Onyango EO , Ayodo G , Watsierah CA , Were T , Okumu W , Anyona SB , 2012. Factors associated with non-adherence to Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) to malaria in a rural population from holoendemic region of western Kenya. BMC Infect Dis 12: 1.
-
37.
Marwa KJ , Njalika A , Ruganuza D , Katabalo D , Kamugisha E , 2018. Self-medication among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at Makongoro health centre in Mwanza, Tanzania: a challenge to health systems. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 18: 1–8.
-
38.
Akoria OA , Arhuidese IJ , 2014. Progress toward elimination of malaria in Nigeria: uptake of artemisinin-based combination therapies for the treatment of malaria in households in Benin City. Ann Afr Med 13: 104–113.
-
39.
Penh P , 2015. Health and Education in Greater Mekong Subregion: Policies, Institutions and Practices. Phnom Penh, Cambodia: GMS-DAN.
-
40.
Ajaiyeoba EO , Oladepo O , Fawole OI , Bolaji OM , Akinboye DO , Ogundahunsi OAT , 2003. Cultural categorization of febrile illnesses in correlation with herbal remedies used for treatment in southwestern Nigeria. J Ethnopharmacol 85: 179–185.
-
41.
Ajaiyeoba EO , Falade CO , Fawole OI , Akinboye DO , Gbotosho GO , Bolaji OM , 2004. Efficacy of herbal remedies used by herbalists in Oyo State Nigeria for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum infections – a survey and an observation. Afr J Med Med Sci 33: 115–119.
-
42.
Salawu AT , Fawole OI , Dairo MD , 2016. Patronage and cost of malaria treatment in private hospitals in Ibadan north L.G.A. south western, Nigeria. Ann Ib Postgrad Med 14: 81–84.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 369 | 369 | 76 |
| Full Text Views | 998 | 998 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 170 | 170 | 0 |