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Molecular Prevalence of Diarrheal Pathogens in Children with Acute Diarrhea in Southeastern Gabon
ABSTRACT.
Diarrheal diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in infants and young children, particularly in sub-Saharan countries. In Gabon, there are few data on the prevalence of diarrheal pathogens in children. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of diarrheal pathogens in children with diarrhea in southeastern Gabon. Stool samples (n = 284) from Gabonese children 0 to 15 years of age with acute diarrhea were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction targeting 17 diarrheal pathogens. At least one pathogen was detected in 75.7% of samples (n = 215). Coinfection with multiple pathogens was observed in 44.7% of patients (n = 127). Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli was the most commonly detected pathogen (30.6%, n = 87), followed by adenovirus (26.4%, n = 75), rotavirus (16.9%, n = 48), Shigella sp. (16.5%, n = 47), Giardia duodenalis (14.4%, n = 41), norovirus GII (7.0%, n = 20), sapovirus (5.6%, n = 16), Salmonella enterica (4.9%, n = 14), astrovirus (4.6%, n = 13), Campylobacter jejuni/coli (4.6%, n = 13), bocavirus (2.8%, n = 8), and norovirus GI (2.8%, n = 8). Our study provides useful information on the possible causes of diarrheal diseases affecting children in southeastern Gabon. A similar study with a control group of healthy children is needed to assess the burden of the disease attributed to each pathogen.
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Author Notes
Financial support: This study was funded by the Central Africa Clinical Research Network, a regional network of excellence supported by the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP).
Disclaimer: The funder has no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. This study was approved by the Gabonese National Ethics Committee (Prot No. 0020/2015/SG/CNE).
Authors’ addresses: Nal Kennedy Ndjangangoye, Unité d’Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon, Unité Émergence des Maladies Virales, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon, and Ecole Doctorale Régionale d’Afrique Centrale en Infectiologie Tropicale, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon, E-mail: nndjangangoye@gmail.com. Sonia Etenna Lekana-Douki, Unité Émergence des Maladies Virales, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon, E-mail: s_lekana@yahoo.fr. Sandrine Lydie Oyegue-Liabagui, Unité d’Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon, Ecole Doctorale Régionale d’Afrique Centrale en Infectiologie Tropicale, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon, and Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku, Franceville, Gabon, E-mail: lyds_ass@yahoo.fr. Lady Charlene Kouna and Kerry Ance Ndong Ndong, Unité d’Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon, E-mails: charleneklc@gmail.com and kerryndong14@gmail.com. Richard Onanga, Unité de Recherche et d’Analyses Médicales, Laboratoire de Bactériologie, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon, E-mail: onangar@yahoo.com. Jean Bernard Lekana-Douki, Unité d’Evolution, Epidémiologie et Résistances Parasitaires, Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, Franceville, Gabon, and Département de Parasitologie-Mycologie Médecine Tropicale, Faculté de Médecine, Université des Sciences de la Santé, Libreville, Gabon, E-mail: lekana_jb@yahoo.fr.