Author:
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , 2023. Final cumulative maps and data for 1999–2021. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsmaps/cumMapsData.html. Accessed February 7, 2023.
-
2.
Ludwig GV , Calle PP , Mangiafico JA , Raphael BL , Danner DK , Hile JA , Clippinger TL , Smith JF , Cook RA , McNamara T , 2002. An outbreak of West Nile virus in a New York City captive wildlife population. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67: 67–75.
-
3.
Cox-Witton K et al., 2014. Emerging infectious diseases in free-ranging wildlife-Australian zoo based wildlife hospitals contribute to national surveillance. PLoS One 9: e95127.
-
4.
Gibbs EP , 2005. Emerging zoonotic epidemics in the interconnected global community. Vet Rec 157: 673–679.
-
5.
Lucero DE , Carlson TC , Delisle J , Poindexter S , Jones TF , Moncayo AC , 2016. Spatiotemporal co-occurrence of Flanders and West Nile Viruses within Culex populations in Shelby County, Tennessee. J Med Entomol 53: 526–532.
-
6.
Lanciotti RS , Kerst AJ , Nasci RS , Godsey MS , Mitchell CJ , Savage HM , Komar N , Panella NA , Allen BC , Volpe KE , 2000. Rapid detection of West Nile virus from human clinical specimens, field-collected mosquitoes, and avian samples by a TaqMan reverse transcriptase-PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 38: 4066–4071.
-
7.
Gubler DJ , Campbell GL , Nasci R , Komar N , Petersen L , Roehrig JT , 2000. West Nile virus in the United States: guidelines for detection, prevention, and control. Viral Immunol 13: 469–475.
-
8.
Redig PT , Tully TN , Ritchie BW , Roy AF , Baudena MA , Chang GJ , 2011. Effect of West Nile virus DNA-plasmid vaccination on response to live virus challenge in red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis). Am J Vet Res 72: 1065–1070.
-
9.
Lohse M , Bolger AM , Nagel A , Fernie AR , Lunn JE , Stitt M , Usadel B , 2012. RobiNA: a user-friendly, integrated software solution for RNA-Seq-based transcriptomics. Nucleic Acids Res 40: W622-7.
-
10.
Simpson JT , Wong K , Jackman SD , Schein JE , Jones SJ , Birol I , 2009. ABySS: a parallel assembler for short read sequence data. Genome Res 19: 1117–1123.
-
11.
Langmead B , Salzberg SL , 2012. Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2. Nat Methods 9: 357–359.
-
12.
Robinson JT , Thorvaldsdottir H , Winckler W , Guttman M , Lander ES , Getz G , Mesirov JP , 2011. Integrative genomics viewer. Nat Biotechnol 29: 24–26.
-
13.
Tamura K , Peterson D , Peterson N , Stecher G , Nei M , Kumar S , 2011. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 28: 2731–2739.
-
14.
Anthony SJ , Maan N , Maan S , Sutton G , Attoui H , Mertens PP , 2009. Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of the non-structural proteins NS1, NS2 and NS3 of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV). Virus Res 145: 211–219.
-
15.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , 2023. ArboNET National Arbovirus Surveillance System. Available at: https://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbonet/maps/ADB_Diseases_Map/index.html. Accessed February 7, 2023.
-
16.
Mecham JO , Dean VC , 1988. Protein coding assignment for the genome of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus. J Gen Virol 69: 1255–1262.
-
17.
Stewart M et al., 2015. Characterization of a second open reading frame in genome segment 10 of bluetongue virus. J Gen Virol 96: 3280–3293.
-
18.
Chenna R , Sugawara H , Koike T , Lopez R , Gibson TJ , Higgins DG , Thompson JD , 2003. Multiple sequence alignment with the Clustal series of programs. Nucleic Acids Res 31: 3497–3500.
-
19.
Maclachlan NJ , Zientara S , Wilson WC , Richt JA , Savini G , 2019. Bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses: recent developments with these globally re-emerging arboviral infections of ruminants. Curr Opin Virol 34: 56–62.
-
20.
Howerth EW , Nemeth NM , Ryser-Degiorgis M-P , Terio K , Mcaloose D & St. Leger J Pathology of Wildlife and Zoo Animals. New York, NY: Elsevier, 149–184.
-
21.
McLean RGUS , Bourne D , Komar N , Mackenzie JS , Barrett ADT & Deubel V Japanese Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses. Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany: Springer, 271–308.
-
22.
Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study College of Veterinary Medicine , 2020. SCWDS Briefs. 35: 1–7.
-
23.
Elbers AR , Koenraadt CJ , Meiswinkel R , 2015. Mosquitoes and Culicoides biting midges: vector range and the influence of climate change. Rev Sci Tech 34: 123–137.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 799 | 799 | 33 |
| Full Text Views | 160 | 160 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 149 | 149 | 2 |
West Nile Virus and Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus Co-Infection in a Novel Host at the Nashville Zoo
Abelardo Moncayo
Abelardo Moncayo
Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, Tennessee;
Search for other papers by Abelardo Moncayo in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Abelardo Moncayo in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Thomas Moore
Thomas Moore
Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, Tennessee;
Search for other papers by Thomas Moore in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Thomas Moore in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Nathen Bopp
Nathen Bopp
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
Search for other papers by Nathen Bopp in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Nathen Bopp in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Heather Robertson
Heather Robertson
Zoo and Exotic Animal Pathology Service Nashville Zoo at Grassmere, Nashville, Tennessee;
Search for other papers by Heather Robertson in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Heather Robertson in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Margarita Woc Colburn
Margarita Woc Colburn
Zoo and Exotic Animal Pathology Service Nashville Zoo at Grassmere, Nashville, Tennessee;
Search for other papers by Margarita Woc Colburn in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Margarita Woc Colburn in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Diana Fernandez
Diana Fernandez
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
Search for other papers by Diana Fernandez in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Diana Fernandez in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Steve Widen
Steve Widen
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
Search for other papers by Steve Widen in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Steve Widen in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Justin Stilwell
Justin Stilwell
Infectious Diseases Laboratory and Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
Search for other papers by Justin Stilwell in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Justin Stilwell in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Rita McManamon
Rita McManamon
Infectious Diseases Laboratory and Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
Search for other papers by Rita McManamon in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Rita McManamon in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
John Dunn
John Dunn
Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, Tennessee;
Search for other papers by John Dunn in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by John Dunn in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Patricia Aguilar
Patricia Aguilar
University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas;
Search for other papers by Patricia Aguilar in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
Search for other papers by Patricia Aguilar in
Current site
Google Scholar
PubMed
ABSTRACT.
On August 30, 2017, one of five bontebok in a mixed-species exhibit at the Nashville Zoo at Grassmere exhibited acute hind-limb ataxia and altered demeanor. Pathological examination demonstrated meningoencephalitis and spinal myelitis. Coinfection of West Nile virus (WNV) and epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) was revealed by quantitative real-time and traditional reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction assays and virus isolation/whole genome sequencing from brain tissue, respectively. Whole genome sequencing was conducted for EHDV. Mosquito testing from September 19 to October 13, 2017, demonstrated a higher WNV infection rate in mosquitoes at the zoo compared with the rest of Nashville-Davidson County. EHDV is endemic in wild white-tailed deer (family Cervidae) in Tennessee, and the prevalence in wildlife depends on environmental influences. This case illustrates the potential susceptibility of exotic zoo animals to endemic domestic arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) and reinforces the importance of cooperative antemortem and postmortem surveillance strategies among human, wildlife, and domestic animal health agencies.
Author Notes
Financial support: Thomas Moore was supported by the Infectious Disease Fellowship Program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by the CDC.
Authors’ addresses: Abelardo Moncayo, Thomas Moore, and John Dunn, Tennessee Department of Health, Nashville, TN, E-mails: abelardo.moncayo@tn.gov, tcmoore07@gmail.com, and john.dunn@tn.gov. Nathan Bopp, Diana Fernandez, Steve Widen, and Patricia Aguilar, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, E-mails: nebopp@utmb.edu, dpfernan@utmb.edu, sgwiden@utmb.edu, and pvaguila@utmb.edu. Heather Robertson and Margarita Woc Colburn, Zoo and Exotic Animal Pathology Service Nashville Zoo at Grassmere, Nashville, TN, E-mails: hrobertson@nashvillezoo.org and mwoccolburn@nashvillezoo.org. Justin Stilwell and Rita McManamon, Infectious Diseases Laboratory and Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, E-mails: stilwellj@uga.edu and ritamcm@uga.edu.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , 2023. Final cumulative maps and data for 1999–2021. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsmaps/cumMapsData.html. Accessed February 7, 2023.
-
2.
Ludwig GV , Calle PP , Mangiafico JA , Raphael BL , Danner DK , Hile JA , Clippinger TL , Smith JF , Cook RA , McNamara T , 2002. An outbreak of West Nile virus in a New York City captive wildlife population. Am J Trop Med Hyg 67: 67–75.
-
3.
Cox-Witton K et al., 2014. Emerging infectious diseases in free-ranging wildlife-Australian zoo based wildlife hospitals contribute to national surveillance. PLoS One 9: e95127.
-
4.
Gibbs EP , 2005. Emerging zoonotic epidemics in the interconnected global community. Vet Rec 157: 673–679.
-
5.
Lucero DE , Carlson TC , Delisle J , Poindexter S , Jones TF , Moncayo AC , 2016. Spatiotemporal co-occurrence of Flanders and West Nile Viruses within Culex populations in Shelby County, Tennessee. J Med Entomol 53: 526–532.
-
6.
Lanciotti RS , Kerst AJ , Nasci RS , Godsey MS , Mitchell CJ , Savage HM , Komar N , Panella NA , Allen BC , Volpe KE , 2000. Rapid detection of West Nile virus from human clinical specimens, field-collected mosquitoes, and avian samples by a TaqMan reverse transcriptase-PCR assay. J Clin Microbiol 38: 4066–4071.
-
7.
Gubler DJ , Campbell GL , Nasci R , Komar N , Petersen L , Roehrig JT , 2000. West Nile virus in the United States: guidelines for detection, prevention, and control. Viral Immunol 13: 469–475.
-
8.
Redig PT , Tully TN , Ritchie BW , Roy AF , Baudena MA , Chang GJ , 2011. Effect of West Nile virus DNA-plasmid vaccination on response to live virus challenge in red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis). Am J Vet Res 72: 1065–1070.
-
9.
Lohse M , Bolger AM , Nagel A , Fernie AR , Lunn JE , Stitt M , Usadel B , 2012. RobiNA: a user-friendly, integrated software solution for RNA-Seq-based transcriptomics. Nucleic Acids Res 40: W622-7.
-
10.
Simpson JT , Wong K , Jackman SD , Schein JE , Jones SJ , Birol I , 2009. ABySS: a parallel assembler for short read sequence data. Genome Res 19: 1117–1123.
-
11.
Langmead B , Salzberg SL , 2012. Fast gapped-read alignment with Bowtie 2. Nat Methods 9: 357–359.
-
12.
Robinson JT , Thorvaldsdottir H , Winckler W , Guttman M , Lander ES , Getz G , Mesirov JP , 2011. Integrative genomics viewer. Nat Biotechnol 29: 24–26.
-
13.
Tamura K , Peterson D , Peterson N , Stecher G , Nei M , Kumar S , 2011. MEGA5: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis using maximum likelihood, evolutionary distance, and maximum parsimony methods. Mol Biol Evol 28: 2731–2739.
-
14.
Anthony SJ , Maan N , Maan S , Sutton G , Attoui H , Mertens PP , 2009. Genetic and phylogenetic analysis of the non-structural proteins NS1, NS2 and NS3 of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV). Virus Res 145: 211–219.
-
15.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , 2023. ArboNET National Arbovirus Surveillance System. Available at: https://wwwn.cdc.gov/arbonet/maps/ADB_Diseases_Map/index.html. Accessed February 7, 2023.
-
16.
Mecham JO , Dean VC , 1988. Protein coding assignment for the genome of epizootic haemorrhagic disease virus. J Gen Virol 69: 1255–1262.
-
17.
Stewart M et al., 2015. Characterization of a second open reading frame in genome segment 10 of bluetongue virus. J Gen Virol 96: 3280–3293.
-
18.
Chenna R , Sugawara H , Koike T , Lopez R , Gibson TJ , Higgins DG , Thompson JD , 2003. Multiple sequence alignment with the Clustal series of programs. Nucleic Acids Res 31: 3497–3500.
-
19.
Maclachlan NJ , Zientara S , Wilson WC , Richt JA , Savini G , 2019. Bluetongue and epizootic hemorrhagic disease viruses: recent developments with these globally re-emerging arboviral infections of ruminants. Curr Opin Virol 34: 56–62.
-
20.
Howerth EW , Nemeth NM , Ryser-Degiorgis M-P , Terio K , Mcaloose D & St. Leger J Pathology of Wildlife and Zoo Animals. New York, NY: Elsevier, 149–184.
-
21.
McLean RGUS , Bourne D , Komar N , Mackenzie JS , Barrett ADT & Deubel V Japanese Encephalitis and West Nile Viruses. Berlin, Heidelberg, Germany: Springer, 271–308.
-
22.
Southeastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study College of Veterinary Medicine , 2020. SCWDS Briefs. 35: 1–7.
-
23.
Elbers AR , Koenraadt CJ , Meiswinkel R , 2015. Mosquitoes and Culicoides biting midges: vector range and the influence of climate change. Rev Sci Tech 34: 123–137.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 799 | 799 | 33 |
| Full Text Views | 160 | 160 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 149 | 149 | 2 |