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Seroprevalence of Chikungunya in an Asymptomatic Adult Population in North and South Sulawesi, Indonesia
ABSTRACT.
Chikungunya (CHIK) is an emerging and reemerging infectious disease of public health importance in Indonesia. Information on the asymptomatic and true burden of CHIK virus (CHIKV) infections is limited. We assayed 1,092 healthy population samples, collected in North and South Sulawesi between 2019 and 2020, for antibodies against CHIKV. Blood samples were screened by IgM and IgG ELISAs and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. CHIKV IgG seroprevalence in North and South Sulawesi was 53.2% and 53.9%, respectively. The overall prevalence of anti-CHIKV IgM antibody was 12.9%. Molecular testing of blood donors revealed 0.66% (2/300) were positive for CHIKV qRT-PCR. Our study provides new insights into the CHIKV endemicity situation in the eastern part of Indonesia and warrants the need for further systematic surveillance considering there is no treatment or vaccine for CHIK infection.
Author Notes
Financial support: This work was supported by Bogor Agricultural University; the Ministry of Research and Technology, Republic of Indonesia; and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Authors’ addresses: Mohammed A. Jalloh and I Made Artika, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Indonesia, E-mails: moh_jalloh@outlook.com and imart@apps.ipb.ac.id. Yora P. Dewi and Khin S.A. Myint, Emerging Virus Research Unit, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia, E-mails: yoradewi@eijkman.go.id and khinsawying@hotmail.com. Din Syafruddin, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia, and Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia, E-mail: din@eijkman.go.id. Irfan Idris, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia, E-mail: irfanfaal@gmail.com. Janno B.B. Bernadus, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia, E-mail: jannobernadusmd@gmail.com. Agustevie Telew, Indonesian Red Cross Society, Manado, Indonesia, E-mail: agusteivie@unima.ac.id. Diana S. Purwanto, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia, E-mail: dianashintapurwanto@unsrat.ac.id. Yoeke D. Rosita, Health Laboratory Center (Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan), Makassar, Indonesia, E-mail: yoekedr@gmail.com. Ungke Antonjaya, Emerging Virus Research Unit, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia, and Eijkman-Oxford Clinical Research Unit, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, Indonesia, E-mail: ungkeajy@gmail.com.