ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Alvar J , Vélez ID , Bern C , Herrero M , Desjeux P , Cano J , Jannin J , den Boer M ; WHO Leishmaniasis Control Team , 2012. Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence. PLoS One 7: e35671.
-
2.
Burza S , Croft SL , Boelaert M , 2018. Leishmaniasis. Lancet 392: 951–970.
-
3.
Herrera G et al., 2020. An interactive database of Leishmania species distribution in the Americas. Sci Data 7: 110.
-
4.
Akhoundi M , Kuhls K , Cannet A , Votýpka J , Marty P , Delaunay P , Sereno D , 2016. A historical overview of the classification, evolution, and dispersion of Leishmania parasites and sandflies. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10: e0004349.
-
5.
Leelayoova S , Siripattanapipong S , Manomat J , Piyaraj P , Tan-Ariya P , Bualert L , Mungthin M , 2017. Leishmaniasis in Thailand: a review of causative agents and situations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 96: 534–542.
-
6.
Jariyapan N , Daroontum T , Jaiwong K , Chanmol W , Intakhan N , Sor-Suwan S , Siriyasatien P , Somboon P , Bates MD , Bates PA , 2018. Leishmania (Mundinia) orientalis n. sp. (Trypanosomatidae), a parasite from Thailand responsible for localised cutaneous leishmaniasis. Parasit Vectors 11: 351.
-
7.
Espinosa OA , Serrano MG , Camargo EP , Teixeira MMG , Shaw JJ , 2016. An appraisal of the taxonomy and nomenclature of trypanosomatids presently classified as Leishmania and Endotrypanum. Parasitology 145: 430–442.
-
8.
Kwakye-Nuako G et al., 2015. First isolation of a new species of Leishmania responsible for human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ghana and classification in the Leishmania enriettii complex. Int J Parasitol 45: 679–684.
-
9.
Muniz J , Medina H , 1948. Cutaneous leishmaniasis of the guinea pig, Leishmania enriettii n. sp. Hosp (Lond) 33: 7–25.
-
10.
Rose K , Curtis J , Baldwin T , Mathis A , Kumar B , Sakthianandeswaren A , Spurck T , Low Choy J , Handman E , 2004. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in red kangaroos: isolation and characterisation of the causative organisms. Int J Parasitol 34: 655–664.
-
11.
Dougall AM , Alexander B , Holt DC , Harris T , Sultan AH , Bates PA , Rose K , Walton SF , 2011. Evidence incriminating midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) as potential vectors of Leishmania in Australia. Int J Parasitol 41: 571–579.
-
12.
Spanakos G , Piperaki ET , Menounos PG , Tegoa N , Flemetakis A , Vakalis NC , 2008. Detection and species identification of Old World Leishmania in clinical samples using a PCR-based method. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102: 46–53.
-
13.
Maharom P , Siripattanapipong S , Mungthin M , Naaglor T , Sukkawee R , Pudkorn R , Wattana W , Wanachiwanawin D , Areechokchai D , Leelayoova S , 2008. Visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum in Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 39: 988–990.
-
14.
Phumee A , Chusri S , Kraivichian K , Wititsuwannakul J , Hortiwakul T , Thavara U , Silpapojakul K , Siriyasatien P , 2014. Multiple cutaneous nodules in an HIV-infected patient. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e3291.
-
15.
Noppakun N , Kraivichian K , Siriyasatien P , 2014. Disseminated dermal leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania siamensis in a systemic steroid therapy patient. Am J Trop Med Hyg 91: 869–870.
-
16.
Paraense WL , 1953. The spread of Leishmania enriettii through the body of the guineapig. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 47: 556–560.
-
17.
Bryceson AD , Bray RS , Dumonde DC , 1974. Experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis: IV. Selective suppression of cell-mediated immunity during the response of guinea-pigs to infection with Leishmania enriettii. Clin Exp Immunol 16: 189–202.
-
18.
Pinheiro LJ , ParanaÃba LF , Alves AF , Parreiras PM , Gontijo NF , Soares RP , Tafuri WL , 2018. Salivary gland extract modulates the infection of two Leishmania enriettii strains by interfering with macrophage differentiation in the model of Cavia porcellus. Front Microbiol 9: 969.
-
19.
González K , Diaz R , Ferreira AF , GarcÃa V , Paz H , Calzada JE , RuÃz M , Laurenti M , Saldaña A , 2018. Histopathological characteristics of cutaneous lesions caused by Leishmania Viannia panamensis in Panama. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo 60: e8.
-
20.
Siriyasatien P , Chusri S , Kraivichian K , Jariyapan N , Hortiwakul T , Silpapojakul K , Pym AM , Phumee A , 2016. Early detection of novel Leishmania species DNA in the saliva of two HIV-infected patients. BMC Infect Dis 16: 89.
-
21.
Mharakurwa S , Simoloka C , Thuma PE , Shiff CJ , Sullivan DJ , 2006. PCR detection of Plasmodium falciparum in human urine and saliva samples. Malar J 5: 103.
-
22.
Buppan P , Putaporntip C , Pattanawong U , Seethamchai S , Jongwutiwes S , 2010. Comparative detection of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva and urine samples from symptomatic malaria patients in a low endemic area. Malar J 9: 72.
-
23.
Bualert L , Charungkiattikul W , Thongsuksai P , Mungthin M , Siripattanapipong S , Khositnithikul R , Naaglor T , Ravel CEI , Baidouri F , Leelayoova S , 2012. Autochthonous disseminated dermal and visceral leishmaniasis in an AIDS patient, southern Thailand, caused by Leishmania siamensis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 86: 821–824.
-
24.
Supsrisunjai C , Kootiratrakarn T , Puangpet P , Bunnag T , Chaowalit P , Wessagowit V , 2017. Disseminated autochthonous dermal leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania siamensis (PCM2 Trang) in a patient from central Thailand infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 96: 1160–1163.
-
25.
Harkins KM , Schwartz RS , Cartwright RA , Stone AC , 2016. Phylogenomic reconstruction supports supercontinent origins for Leishmania. Infect Genet Evol 38: 101–109.
-
26.
Barratt J , Kaufer A , Peters B , Craig D , Lawrence A , Roberts T , Lee R , McAuliffe G , Stark D , Ellis J , 2017. Isolation of novel trypanosomatid, Zelonia australiensis sp. nov. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) provides support for a Gondwanan origin of dixenous parasitism in the Leishmaniinae. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11: 1–26.
-
27.
Siripattanapipong S , Leelayoova S , Ninsaeng U , Mungthin M , 2018. Detection of DNA of Leishmania siamensis in Sergentomyia (Neophlebotomus) iyengari (Diptera: Psychodidae) and molecular identification of blood meals of sand flies in an affected area, southern Thailand. J Med Entomol 55: 1277–1283.
-
28.
Sriwongpan P et al., 2021. Prevalence and associated risk factors of Leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in Chiang Rai, Thailand. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 15: e0009545.
-
29.
Depaquit J et al., 2019. On the true identity of Sergentomyia gemmea and description of a closely related species: Se. raynali n. sp. Med Vet Entomol 33: 521–529.
-
30.
Chanmol W , Jariyapan N , Somboon P , Bates MD , Bates PA , 2019. Development of Leishmania orientalis in the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) and the biting midge Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Acta Trop 199: 105157.
-
31.
Becvar T , Vojtkova B , Siriyasatien P , Votypka J , Modry D , Jahn P , Bates P , Carpenter S , Volf P , Sadlova J , 2021. Experimental transmission of Leishmania (Mundinia) parasites by biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). PLoS Pathog 17: e1009654.
-
32.
Sunantaraporn S , Thepparat A , Phumee A , Sor-Suwan S , Boonserm R , Bellis G , Siriyasatien P , 2021. Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) as potential vectors for Leishmania martiniquensis and Trypanosoma sp. in northern Thailand. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 15: e0010014.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 7235 | 1300 | 52 |
| Full Text Views | 572 | 50 | 2 |
| PDF Downloads | 365 | 52 | 1 |
Case Report: Simple Nodular Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Autochthonous Leishmania (Mundinia) orientalis in an 18-Month-Old Girl: The First Pediatric Case in Thailand and Literature Review
Suvaporn Anugulruengkitt
Suvaporn Anugulruengkitt
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Wipaporn Natalie Songtaweesin
Wipaporn Natalie Songtaweesin
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Nattawan Thepnarong
Nattawan Thepnarong
Vachira Phuket Hospital, Phuket, Thailand;
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Amatanun Tangthanapalakul
Amatanun Tangthanapalakul
Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Manassaya Sitthisan
Manassaya Sitthisan
Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Susheera Chatproedprai
Susheera Chatproedprai
Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Jade Wititsuwannakul
Jade Wititsuwannakul
Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Sasithorn Likitnukul
Sasithorn Likitnukul
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Narissara Jariyapan
Narissara Jariyapan
Center of Excellence in Vector Biology and Vector-Borne Disease, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Gareth D. Weedall
Gareth D. Weedall
School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, United Kingdom
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Padet Siriyasatien
Padet Siriyasatien
Center of Excellence in Vector Biology and Vector-Borne Disease, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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Kanok Preativatanyou
Kanok Preativatanyou
Center of Excellence in Vector Biology and Vector-Borne Disease, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand;
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ABSTRACT.
We report an autochthonous case of simple, localized cutaneous leishmaniasis in a healthy 18-month-old girl from southern Thailand. The patient presented with a solitary chronic cutaneous nodular lesion on her left cheek for approximately 1 year. Histopathological dissection of the cheek skin biopsy demonstrated remarkably nodular and interstitial infiltrates of lymphocytes and histiocytes full of intracellular oval-shaped amastigotes, consistent with cutaneous leishmaniasis. The Leishmania promastigotes were also cultured successfully from the lesion biopsy and were designated with the WHO code MHOM/TH/2021/CULE5. Using internal transcribed spacer 1-specific polymerase chain reaction, the parasite DNA was demonstrated in both saliva and lesion biopsy. Based on the BLASTn and phylogenetic analysis, the parasite was identified as Leishmania orientalis, clustered in the Mundinia subgenus. The patient responded well to a 6-week course of oral itraconazole, without recurrence. To our knowledge, this is the fourth case of autochthonous leishmaniasis resulting from L. orientalis and the youngest patient of leishmaniasis ever reported in Thailand. More importantly, we also demonstrate the clinical course of the lesion according to the timeline before and after treatment, which can help physicians better understand and provide an accurate diagnosis with appropriate treatment of this emerging parasitic disease.
Author Notes
Financial support: This study was funded by the Ratchadapiseksompote Fund (Grant No. RA65/028, 2022), the Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Authors’ addresses: Suvaporn Anugulruengkitt, Wipaporn Natalie Songtaweesin, and Sasithorn Likitnukul, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, and Center of Excellence for Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Vaccines, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, E-mails: suvaporn.a@chula.ac.th, wipaporn.n@chula.ac.th, and slikitnukul@gmail.com. Nattawan Thepnarong, Vachira Phuket Hospital, Phuket, Thailand, E-mail: j_nattawan@hotmail.com. Amatanun Tangthanapalakul, Manassaya Sitthisan, and Susheera Chatproedprai, Division of Dermatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, E-mails: amatanun.t@gmail.com, manas_pack@hotmail.com, and susheera.c@chula.ac.th. Jade Wititsuwannakul, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, E-mail: jademdcu@gmail.com. Narissara Jariyapan, Padet Siriyasatien, and Kanok Preativatanyou, Center of Excellence in Vector Biology and Vector-Borne Disease, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, E-mails: narissara.j@chula.ac.th, padet.s@chula.ac.th, and kanok.pr@chula.ac.th. Gareth D. Weedall, School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK, E-mail: g.d.weedall@ljmu.ac.uk.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Alvar J , Vélez ID , Bern C , Herrero M , Desjeux P , Cano J , Jannin J , den Boer M ; WHO Leishmaniasis Control Team , 2012. Leishmaniasis worldwide and global estimates of its incidence. PLoS One 7: e35671.
-
2.
Burza S , Croft SL , Boelaert M , 2018. Leishmaniasis. Lancet 392: 951–970.
-
3.
Herrera G et al., 2020. An interactive database of Leishmania species distribution in the Americas. Sci Data 7: 110.
-
4.
Akhoundi M , Kuhls K , Cannet A , Votýpka J , Marty P , Delaunay P , Sereno D , 2016. A historical overview of the classification, evolution, and dispersion of Leishmania parasites and sandflies. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10: e0004349.
-
5.
Leelayoova S , Siripattanapipong S , Manomat J , Piyaraj P , Tan-Ariya P , Bualert L , Mungthin M , 2017. Leishmaniasis in Thailand: a review of causative agents and situations. Am J Trop Med Hyg 96: 534–542.
-
6.
Jariyapan N , Daroontum T , Jaiwong K , Chanmol W , Intakhan N , Sor-Suwan S , Siriyasatien P , Somboon P , Bates MD , Bates PA , 2018. Leishmania (Mundinia) orientalis n. sp. (Trypanosomatidae), a parasite from Thailand responsible for localised cutaneous leishmaniasis. Parasit Vectors 11: 351.
-
7.
Espinosa OA , Serrano MG , Camargo EP , Teixeira MMG , Shaw JJ , 2016. An appraisal of the taxonomy and nomenclature of trypanosomatids presently classified as Leishmania and Endotrypanum. Parasitology 145: 430–442.
-
8.
Kwakye-Nuako G et al., 2015. First isolation of a new species of Leishmania responsible for human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ghana and classification in the Leishmania enriettii complex. Int J Parasitol 45: 679–684.
-
9.
Muniz J , Medina H , 1948. Cutaneous leishmaniasis of the guinea pig, Leishmania enriettii n. sp. Hosp (Lond) 33: 7–25.
-
10.
Rose K , Curtis J , Baldwin T , Mathis A , Kumar B , Sakthianandeswaren A , Spurck T , Low Choy J , Handman E , 2004. Cutaneous leishmaniasis in red kangaroos: isolation and characterisation of the causative organisms. Int J Parasitol 34: 655–664.
-
11.
Dougall AM , Alexander B , Holt DC , Harris T , Sultan AH , Bates PA , Rose K , Walton SF , 2011. Evidence incriminating midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) as potential vectors of Leishmania in Australia. Int J Parasitol 41: 571–579.
-
12.
Spanakos G , Piperaki ET , Menounos PG , Tegoa N , Flemetakis A , Vakalis NC , 2008. Detection and species identification of Old World Leishmania in clinical samples using a PCR-based method. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102: 46–53.
-
13.
Maharom P , Siripattanapipong S , Mungthin M , Naaglor T , Sukkawee R , Pudkorn R , Wattana W , Wanachiwanawin D , Areechokchai D , Leelayoova S , 2008. Visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum in Thailand. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 39: 988–990.
-
14.
Phumee A , Chusri S , Kraivichian K , Wititsuwannakul J , Hortiwakul T , Thavara U , Silpapojakul K , Siriyasatien P , 2014. Multiple cutaneous nodules in an HIV-infected patient. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 8: e3291.
-
15.
Noppakun N , Kraivichian K , Siriyasatien P , 2014. Disseminated dermal leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania siamensis in a systemic steroid therapy patient. Am J Trop Med Hyg 91: 869–870.
-
16.
Paraense WL , 1953. The spread of Leishmania enriettii through the body of the guineapig. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 47: 556–560.
-
17.
Bryceson AD , Bray RS , Dumonde DC , 1974. Experimental cutaneous leishmaniasis: IV. Selective suppression of cell-mediated immunity during the response of guinea-pigs to infection with Leishmania enriettii. Clin Exp Immunol 16: 189–202.
-
18.
Pinheiro LJ , ParanaÃba LF , Alves AF , Parreiras PM , Gontijo NF , Soares RP , Tafuri WL , 2018. Salivary gland extract modulates the infection of two Leishmania enriettii strains by interfering with macrophage differentiation in the model of Cavia porcellus. Front Microbiol 9: 969.
-
19.
González K , Diaz R , Ferreira AF , GarcÃa V , Paz H , Calzada JE , RuÃz M , Laurenti M , Saldaña A , 2018. Histopathological characteristics of cutaneous lesions caused by Leishmania Viannia panamensis in Panama. Rev Inst Med Trop São Paulo 60: e8.
-
20.
Siriyasatien P , Chusri S , Kraivichian K , Jariyapan N , Hortiwakul T , Silpapojakul K , Pym AM , Phumee A , 2016. Early detection of novel Leishmania species DNA in the saliva of two HIV-infected patients. BMC Infect Dis 16: 89.
-
21.
Mharakurwa S , Simoloka C , Thuma PE , Shiff CJ , Sullivan DJ , 2006. PCR detection of Plasmodium falciparum in human urine and saliva samples. Malar J 5: 103.
-
22.
Buppan P , Putaporntip C , Pattanawong U , Seethamchai S , Jongwutiwes S , 2010. Comparative detection of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum DNA in saliva and urine samples from symptomatic malaria patients in a low endemic area. Malar J 9: 72.
-
23.
Bualert L , Charungkiattikul W , Thongsuksai P , Mungthin M , Siripattanapipong S , Khositnithikul R , Naaglor T , Ravel CEI , Baidouri F , Leelayoova S , 2012. Autochthonous disseminated dermal and visceral leishmaniasis in an AIDS patient, southern Thailand, caused by Leishmania siamensis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 86: 821–824.
-
24.
Supsrisunjai C , Kootiratrakarn T , Puangpet P , Bunnag T , Chaowalit P , Wessagowit V , 2017. Disseminated autochthonous dermal leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania siamensis (PCM2 Trang) in a patient from central Thailand infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Am J Trop Med Hyg 96: 1160–1163.
-
25.
Harkins KM , Schwartz RS , Cartwright RA , Stone AC , 2016. Phylogenomic reconstruction supports supercontinent origins for Leishmania. Infect Genet Evol 38: 101–109.
-
26.
Barratt J , Kaufer A , Peters B , Craig D , Lawrence A , Roberts T , Lee R , McAuliffe G , Stark D , Ellis J , 2017. Isolation of novel trypanosomatid, Zelonia australiensis sp. nov. (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) provides support for a Gondwanan origin of dixenous parasitism in the Leishmaniinae. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 11: 1–26.
-
27.
Siripattanapipong S , Leelayoova S , Ninsaeng U , Mungthin M , 2018. Detection of DNA of Leishmania siamensis in Sergentomyia (Neophlebotomus) iyengari (Diptera: Psychodidae) and molecular identification of blood meals of sand flies in an affected area, southern Thailand. J Med Entomol 55: 1277–1283.
-
28.
Sriwongpan P et al., 2021. Prevalence and associated risk factors of Leishmania infection among immunocompetent hosts, a community-based study in Chiang Rai, Thailand. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 15: e0009545.
-
29.
Depaquit J et al., 2019. On the true identity of Sergentomyia gemmea and description of a closely related species: Se. raynali n. sp. Med Vet Entomol 33: 521–529.
-
30.
Chanmol W , Jariyapan N , Somboon P , Bates MD , Bates PA , 2019. Development of Leishmania orientalis in the sand fly Lutzomyia longipalpis (Diptera: Psychodidae) and the biting midge Culicoides sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Acta Trop 199: 105157.
-
31.
Becvar T , Vojtkova B , Siriyasatien P , Votypka J , Modry D , Jahn P , Bates P , Carpenter S , Volf P , Sadlova J , 2021. Experimental transmission of Leishmania (Mundinia) parasites by biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). PLoS Pathog 17: e1009654.
-
32.
Sunantaraporn S , Thepparat A , Phumee A , Sor-Suwan S , Boonserm R , Bellis G , Siriyasatien P , 2021. Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) as potential vectors for Leishmania martiniquensis and Trypanosoma sp. in northern Thailand. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 15: e0010014.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 7235 | 1300 | 52 |
| Full Text Views | 572 | 50 | 2 |
| PDF Downloads | 365 | 52 | 1 |