Gold Panning–Related Chronic Cutaneous Ulcers in Guinea, West Africa

Mohamed L. Keita Aix Marseille University, Institut National pour le Developpement, Microbes, Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France;
Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France;

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Abdoulaye Kaba Bureau of Stratégies and Dévelopment, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, République de Guinée;

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Ibrahima Telly Diallo Bureau of Stratégies and Dévelopment, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, République de Guinée;

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Mariama Kesso Bah Programme National de Lutte Contre les Maladies Tropicales Negligées, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, République de Guinée;

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Michel Sagno Programme National de Lutte Contre les Maladies Tropicales Negligées, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, République de Guinée;

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Aboubacar Goumane Centre Régional de Dépistage et de Traitement de l’Ulcère de Buruli, Ministère de la Santé, N’zerekoré, République de Guinée

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Amar Bouam Aix Marseille University, Institut National pour le Developpement, Microbes, Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France;
Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France;

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Michel Drancourt Aix Marseille University, Institut National pour le Developpement, Microbes, Evolution, Phylogénie et Infection, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France;
Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France;

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ABSTRACT.

Chronic cutaneous ulcers caused potentially by several pathogens are of increasing concern in endemic tropical countries, including Guinea in West Africa, in rural populations exposed to aquatic environments during recreational, domestic, or agricultural activities. By plotting 1,011 cases of chronic cutaneous ulcers classified under the name Buruli ulcer in 24 of 33 Guinea health districts (72%) between 2018 and 2020 against the gold map and gold-panning map of Guinea, we revealed a significant spatial association between chronic cutaneous ulcer foci and gold-panning foci (P < 0.05), but not with nongold-panning foci (P = 0.12) in Guinea. Gold panning should be listed as an additional economic activity exposing populations to chronic cutaneous ulcers. Further research may aim to clarify whether any geological and biologic factors underlie such an association, besides the possibility that the unprotected skin of gold panners may be exposed to opportunistic, pathogen-contaminated environments in gold-panning areas.

Author Notes

Address correspondence to Michel Drancourt, 27 bd Jean Moulin, Marseille 13385, France. E-mail: michel.drancourt@univ-amu.fr

Financial support: K. M. L. obtained a PhD grant from the Fondation Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France. This work was supported by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-17-CE35-0006-01 PRIME) and by the French government under the Investissements d’Avenir (Investments for the Future) program managed by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (Méditerranée Infection 10-IAHU-03).

Authors’ addresses: Mohamed L. Keita, Amar Bouam, and Michel Drancourt, Aix Marseille Univeristy, IRD, MEPHI, AP-HM, Marseille, France, and IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France, E-mails: keitamohamedlamine54@gmail.com, amarbouam@yahoo.fr, and michel.drancourt@univ-amu.fr. Abdoulaye Kaba and Ibrahima Telly Diallo, Bureau of Stratégies and Dévelopment, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, République de Guinée, E-mails: akaba71@gmail.com and tellybodhewel@gmail.com. Mariama Kesso Bah and Michel Sagno, Programme National de Lutte Contre les Maladies Tropicales Negligées, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, République de Guinée, E-mails: ykesso@yahoo.fr and msagno32@gmail.com. Aboubacar Goumane, Centre Régional de Dépistage et de Traitement de l’Ulcère de Buruli, Ministère de la Santé, N’zerekoré, République de Guinée, E-mail: aboubacargouman@gmail.com.

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