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RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
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1.
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2.
Manson-Bahr P , 1928. Further observations on the effects of plasmochin and “plasmochin-compound” on the gametocytes of benign tertian and subtertian Malaria. Lancet 211: 25–26.
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Fairley NH , 1946. Malaria in the South-West Pacific, with special reference to its Chemotherapeutic Control. Med J Aust 2: 145–162.
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Amy A , 1934. Haemoglobinuria: a new problem on the Indian frontier. J R Army Med Corps 62: 178–191.
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Archambeault CP , 1954. Mass antimalarial therapy in veterans returning from Korea. J Am Med Assoc 154: 1411–1415.
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Garrison PL , Hankey DD , Coker WG , Donovan WN , Jastremski B , Coatney GR , Alving AS , Jones R Jr , 1952. Cure of Korean vivax malaria with pamaquine and primaquine. J Am Med Assoc 149: 1562–1563.
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Zottig VE , Shanks GD , 2021. Historical perspective: the evolution of post-exposure prophylaxis for vivax malaria since the Korean War. MSMR 28: 8–10.
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Historical 8-Aminoquinoline Combinations: Not All Antimalarial Drugs Work Well Together
G. Dennis Shanks
G. Dennis Shanks
Australian Defence Force Malaria and Infectious Disease Institute, Enoggera, Australia; University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Brisbane, Australia
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ABSTRACT.
Since their first use in the 1920s, 8-aminoquinolines have been known to have important toxicities such as methemoglobinemia and hemolysis. An empiric pamaquine (plasmochin) combination with quinine was widely used in the British military with relatively little toxicity. Attempts to use pamaquine with a new synthetic antimalarial drug (atabrine, quinacrine) in the 1930–1940s, however, resulted in hemolytic reactions and some deaths from renal failure. An improved 8-aminoquinoline, primaquine, was particularly effective against Plasmodium vivax relapses when combined with either quinine or chloroquine. When used in reduced daily doses (15 mg) over 2 weeks, it was safely given to many thousands of U.S. soldiers returning from Korea. CP tablets (chloroquine 300 mg, primaquine 45 mg weekly) were widely used during the Vietnam War with few hemolytic reactions and no known deaths. Efficacy and toxicity of 8-aminoquinolines is determined in part by the selection of appropriate partner drugs
Author Notes
Disclaimer: The opinions expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the Australian Defence Force or the US Department of Defence.
Author’s address: G. Dennis Shanks, ADF Malaria and Infectious Diseases Institute, Enoggera, QLD 4051, Australia. E-mail: dennis.shanks@defence.gov.au.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Hackett LW , 1937. Malaria in Europe An ecological study. London, UK: Oxford University Press.
-
2.
Manson-Bahr P , 1928. Further observations on the effects of plasmochin and “plasmochin-compound” on the gametocytes of benign tertian and subtertian Malaria. Lancet 211: 25–26.
-
3.
Fairley NH , 1946. Malaria in the South-West Pacific, with special reference to its Chemotherapeutic Control. Med J Aust 2: 145–162.
-
4.
Amy A , 1934. Haemoglobinuria: a new problem on the Indian frontier. J R Army Med Corps 62: 178–191.
-
5.
Archambeault CP , 1954. Mass antimalarial therapy in veterans returning from Korea. J Am Med Assoc 154: 1411–1415.
-
6.
Sinton J , 1930. A suggested standard treatment of malaria based upon the results of the controlled investigation of over 3,700 cases. Ind Med Gaz 65: 603–619.
-
7.
Garrison PL , Hankey DD , Coker WG , Donovan WN , Jastremski B , Coatney GR , Alving AS , Jones R Jr , 1952. Cure of Korean vivax malaria with pamaquine and primaquine. J Am Med Assoc 149: 1562–1563.
-
8.
Hoops A , 1933. Observations on the cure of malaria with atebrin. BMJ 1: 993–995.
-
9.
Gorgas W , 1918. Sanitation in Panama. New York, NY: D. Appleton and Company.
-
10.
Hardgrove M , Applebaum IL , 1946. Plasmochin toxicity: analysis of 258 cases. Ann Intern Med 25: 103–112.
-
11.
Hart TA , Hardenbergh WA , 1963. The southwest Pacific area. Coates JB , ed. Communicable Diseases: Malaria. Washington, DC: U.S. Army Historical Unit, 513-578.
-
12.
Dimson S , McMartin R , 1946. Pamaquin haemoglobinuria. Q J Med 15: 25–46.
-
13.
Coatney GR , 1963. Pitfalls in a discovery: the chronicle of chloroquine. Am J Trop Med Hyg 12: 121–128.
-
14.
Zottig VE , Shanks GD , 2021. Historical perspective: the evolution of post-exposure prophylaxis for vivax malaria since the Korean War. MSMR 28: 8–10.
-
15.
Alving AS , Arnold J , Robinson DH , 1952. Mass therapy of subclinical vivax malaria with primaquine. J Am Med Assoc 149: 1558–1562.
-
16.
Hockwald RS , Arnold J , Clayman CB , Alving AS , 1952. Toxicity of primaquine in Negroes. J Am Med Assoc 149: 1568–1570.
-
17.
Carson PE , Frischer H , 1966. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and related disorders of the pentose phosphate pathway. Am J Med 41: 744–761.
-
18.
Clayman CB , Arnold J , Hockwald RS , Yount EH Jr , Edgcomb JH , Alving AS , 1952. Toxicity of primaquine in Caucasians. JAMA 149: 1563–1568.
-
19.
Ognibene AJ , Conte NF , 1982. Malaria: chemotherapy. Ognibene AJ , ed. Internal Medicine in Vietnam: General Medicine and Infectious Diseases. Washington, DC: Center for Military History, 313–329.
-
20.
Barrett O , 1982. Malaria: epidemiology. Ognibene AJ , ed. Internal Medicine in Vietnam: General Medicine and Infectious Diseases. Washington, DC: Center for Military History, 279–93.
-
21.
Skrzypek G , Barrett ON Jr , 1968. The problem of vivax malaria in Vietnam returnees part II. Malaria chemoprophylaxis survey. Mil Med 133: 449–452.
-
22.
Stone WJ , Hanchett JE , Knepshield JH , 1982. Medical causes of acute renal insufficiency. Ognibene AJ , ed. Internal Medicine in Vietnam: General Medicine and Infectious Diseases. Washington, DC: Center for Military History, 483–499.
-
23.
Lacerda MV et al., 2019. Single-dose tafenoquine to prevent relapse of Plasmodium vivax malaria. N Engl J Med 380: 215–228.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 9073 | 1360 | 855 |
| Full Text Views | 1475 | 204 | 1 |
| PDF Downloads | 290 | 17 | 0 |