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Gassiep I , Armstrong M , Norton R , 2020. Human melioidosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 33: e00006-19.
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Currie BJ et al., 2021. The Darwin Prospective Melioidosis Study: a 30-year prospective, observational investigation. Lancet Infect Dis 11: e0005650.
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Carcillo JA , Shakoory B , Castillo L , 2019. Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, macrophage activation syndrome, and hyperferritinemic sepsis-induced multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome in the pediatric ICU. Mastropietro CW , Valentine KM , eds. Pediatric Critical Care: Current Controversies. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 245–255.
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Shakoory B , Carcillo JA , Chatham WW , Amdur RL , Zhao H , Dinarello CA , Cron RQ , Opal SM , 2016. Interleukin-1 receptor blockade is associated with reduced mortality in sepsis patients with features of macrophage activation syndrome: reanalysis of a prior phase III trial. Crit Care Med 44: 275–281.
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8.
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15.
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16.
Carcillo JA , Halstead ES , Hall MW , Nguyen TC , Reeder R , Aneja R , Shakoory B , Simon D , 2017. Three hypothetical inflammation pathobiology phenotypes and pediatric sepsis-induced multiple organ failure outcome. Pediatr Crit Care Med 18: 513–523.
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| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
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| Abstract Views | 8125 | 1403 | 42 |
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Fatal Pediatric Melioidosis and the Role of Hyperferritinemic Sepsis-Induced Multiple-Organ Dysfunction Syndrome
Anand Mohan
Anand Mohan
Department of Pediatrics, Bintulu Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia;
Institute of Health and Community Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia;
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Institute of Health and Community Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia;
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Malini Paranchothy
Malini Paranchothy
Department of Pediatrics, Bintulu Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia;
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Sakthy Segaran
Sakthy Segaran
Department of Pediatrics, Bintulu Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia;
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Richard Siu-Chiu Wong
Richard Siu-Chiu Wong
Department of Pediatrics, Bintulu Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia;
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Yek-Kee Chor
Yek-Kee Chor
Department of Pediatrics, Sarawak General Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Yuwana Podin
Yuwana Podin
Institute of Health and Community Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia;
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Mong-How Ooi
Mong-How Ooi
Institute of Health and Community Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia;
Department of Pediatrics, Sarawak General Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
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Department of Pediatrics, Sarawak General Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia
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ABSTRACT.
Melioidosis is reported to cause a high fatality rate in children, even in the absence of risk factors for disease. The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of fatal pediatric melioidosis infection. We performed a retrospective analysis of children aged < 15 years with culture-confirmed melioidosis admitted to Bintulu Hospital in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo, from January 2011 to December 2020. Forty-one children had culture-confirmed melioidosis. Nine (22%) had a fatal outcome; 8 (89%) had no predisposing risk factors. Bacteremia, septic shock, and acute respiratory distress syndrome were present in all fatalities. Demographic characteristics, presenting manifestation, and disseminated infection were not significantly associated with mortality, whereas the presence of splenomegaly, cytopenia, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and hepatobiliary dysfunction, all of which are features of hyperferritinemic sepsis-induced multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome, were associated with mortality. Hyperferritinemic sepsis-induced multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome may be a key component in the pathogenesis of fatal pediatric melioidosis.
Author Notes
Authors’ addresses: Anand Mohan, Malini Paranchothy, Sakthy Segaran, and Richard Siu-Chiu Wong, Department of Pediatrics, Bintulu Hospital, Bintulu, Sarawak, Malaysia, E-mails: anand_bintulu@yahoo.com, malni91@hotmail.com, sakthy.segaran@gmail.com, and richard_wong82@hotmail.com. Yek-Kee Chor and Mong-How Ooi, Department of Pediatrics, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia, E-mails: drchoryekee@hotmail.com and monghowooi@gmail.com. Yuwana Podin, Institute of Health and Community Medicine, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia, E-mail: pyuwana@unimas.my.
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
Gassiep I , Armstrong M , Norton R , 2020. Human melioidosis. Clin Microbiol Rev 33: e00006-19.
-
2.
Currie BJ et al., 2021. The Darwin Prospective Melioidosis Study: a 30-year prospective, observational investigation. Lancet Infect Dis 11: e0005650.
-
3.
Mohan A et al., 2017. Pediatric melioidosis in Sarawak, Malaysia: epidemiological, clinical and microbiological characteristics. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 21: 1737–1746.
-
4.
Alvarez-Hernandez G , Cruz-Loustaunau D , Ibarra JA , Rascon-Alcantar A , Contreras-Soto J , Meza-Radilla G , Torres AG , Estrada-de Los Santos P , 2021. Description of two fatal cases of melioidosis in Mexican children with acute pneumonia: case report. BMC Infect Dis 21: 204.
-
5.
Katanami Y et al., 2017. A fatal case of melioidosis with pancytopenia in a traveler from Indonesia. J Infect Chemother 23: 241–244.
-
6.
Carcillo JA , Shakoory B , Castillo L , 2019. Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, macrophage activation syndrome, and hyperferritinemic sepsis-induced multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome in the pediatric ICU. Mastropietro CW , Valentine KM , eds. Pediatric Critical Care: Current Controversies. Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 245–255.
-
7.
Shakoory B , Carcillo JA , Chatham WW , Amdur RL , Zhao H , Dinarello CA , Cron RQ , Opal SM , 2016. Interleukin-1 receptor blockade is associated with reduced mortality in sepsis patients with features of macrophage activation syndrome: reanalysis of a prior phase III trial. Crit Care Med 44: 275–281.
-
8.
Sia TLL et al., 2021. Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of melioidosis caused by gentamicin-susceptible Burkholderia pseudomallei in Sarawak, Malaysia. Open Forum Infect Dis 8: ofab460.
-
9.
Mohan A et al., 2021. Fine-needle aspiration to improve diagnosis of melioidosis of the head and neck in children: a study from Sarawak, Malaysia. BMC Infect Dis 21: 1069.
-
10.
WHO , 2021. Child growth standards. In: Tools and Toolkits. Available at: http://www.who.int/childgrowth/en/. Accessed January 16, 2022.
-
11.
CDC , 2017. Clinical growth charts. In: Growth Charts. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/growthcharts/clinical_charts.htm. Accessed January 16, 2022.
-
12.
Khemani RG , Smith LS , Zimmerman JJ , Erickson S , 2015. Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome: definition, incidence, and epidemiology: proceedings from the Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference. Pediatr Crit Care Med 16: S23–S40.
-
13.
Opal SM et al., 1997. Confirmatory interleukin-1 receptor antagonist trial in severe sepsis: a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter trial. The Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Sepsis Investigator Group. Crit Care Med 25: 1115–1124.
-
14.
Akcan-Arikan A , Zappitelli M , Loftis LL , Washburn KK , Jefferson LS , Goldstein SL , 2007. Modified RIFLE criteria in critically ill children with acute kidney injury. Kidney Int 71: 1028–1035.
-
15.
Chandna A , Bonhoeffer M , Miliya T , Suy K , Sao S , Turner P , 2021. Improving treatment and outcomes for melioidosis in children, northern Cambodia, 2009–2018. Emerg Infect Dis 27: 1169–1172.
-
16.
Carcillo JA , Halstead ES , Hall MW , Nguyen TC , Reeder R , Aneja R , Shakoory B , Simon D , 2017. Three hypothetical inflammation pathobiology phenotypes and pediatric sepsis-induced multiple organ failure outcome. Pediatr Crit Care Med 18: 513–523.
-
17.
Beig J , Read K , Welch D , Bhally H , 2017. Melioidosis with possible Haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. N Z Med J 130: 76–79.
-
18.
Smith S , Munas AM , Hanson J , 2018. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis complicating melioidosis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 99: 557–558.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 8125 | 1403 | 42 |
| Full Text Views | 263 | 34 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 151 | 9 | 0 |