Cardona-Ospina JA , Jiménez-Canizales CE , Vásquez-Serna H , Garzón-RamÃrez JA , Alarcón-Robayo JF , Cerón-Pineda JA , RodrÃguez-Morales AJ , 2018. Fatal dengue, chikungunya and leptospirosis: the importance of assessing co-infections in febrile patients in tropical areas. Trop Med Infect Dis 3. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed3040123.
  Cardona-Ospina JA , Villalba-Miranda MF , Palechor-Ocampo LA , Mancilla LI , Sepúlveda-Arias JC , 2019. A systematic review of FTA cards® as a tool for viral RNA preservation in fieldwork: are they safe and effective? Prev Vet Med 172. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104772.
  Guzman H , Ding X , Xiao SY , Tesh RB , 2005. Duration of infectivity and RNA of Venezuelan equine encephalitis, West Nile, and yellow fever viruses dried on filter paper and maintained at room temperature. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72: 474–477.
  Andriamandimby SF , Heraud JM , Randrianasolo L , Rafisandratantsoa JT , Andriamamonjy S , Richard V , 2013. Dried-blood spots: a cost-effective field method for the detection of chikungunya virus circulation in remote areas. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002339.
  Matheus S , Meynard JB , Lavergne A , Girod R , Moua D , Labeau B , Dussart P , Lacoste V , Deparis X , 2008. D engue-3 outbreak in Paraguay: investigations using capillary blood samples on filter paper. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79: 685–687.
  Daag JV et al.2021. Performance of dried blood spots compared with serum samples for measuring dengue seroprevalence in a cohort of children in Cebu, Philippines. Am J Trop Med Hyg 104: 130–135.
  Reust MJ , Lee MH , Xiang J , Zhang W , Xu D , Batson T , Zhang T , Downs JA , Dupnik KM , 2018. Dried blood spot RNA transcriptomes correlate with transcriptomes derived from whole blood RNA. Am J Trop Med Hyg 98: 1541–1546.
  Waggoner JJ , Stittleburg V , Natrajan MS , Paniagua-Avila A , Bauer D , Olson D , El Sahly HM , Asturias EJ , Anderson EJ , Munoz FM , 2021. Sensitive and prolonged detection of dengue virus RNA in whole blood. Am J Trop Med Hyg 104: 1734–1736.
  Waggoner JJ , Gresh L , Mohamed-Hadley A , Ballesteros G , Vargas Davila MJ , Tellez Y , Sahoo MK , Balmaseda A , Harris E , Pinsky BA , 2016. Single-reaction multiplex reverse transcription PCR for detection of Zika, chikungunya, and dengue viruses. Emerg Infect Dis 22: 1295–1297.
  Koliopoulos P et al.2021. Multiplex-RT-PCR-ELISA panel for detecting mosquito-borne pathogens: Plasmodium sp. preserved and eluted from dried blood spots on sample cards. Malar J 20. doi: 10.1186/s12936-021-03595-4.
  Rojas A et al.2019. Characterization of dengue cases among patients with an acute illness, Central Department, Paraguay. PeerJ 2019. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7852.
  Waggoner JJ , Katzelnick LC , Burger-Calderon R , Gallini J , Moore RH , Kuan G , Balmaseda A , Pinsky BA , Harris E , 2020. Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe disease is mediated by serum viral load in pediatric dengue virus infections. J Infect Dis 221: 1846–1854.
  Wipf NC , Guidi V , Tonolla M , Ruinelli M , Müller P , Engler O , 2019. Evaluation of honey-baited FTA cards in combination with different mosquito traps in an area of low arbovirus prevalence. Parasit Vectors 12. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3798-8.
  Birnberg L , Temmam S , Aranda C , Correa-Fiz F , Talavera S , Bigot T , Eloit M , Busquets N , 2020. Viromics on honey-baited FTA cards as a new tool for the detection of circulating viruses in mosquitoes. Viruses 12. doi: 10.3390/v12030274.
  Salazar-Gonzalez JF , Salazar MG , Tully DC , Ogilvie CB , Learn GH , Allen TM , Heath SL , Goepfert P , Bar KJ , 2016. Use of dried blood spots to elucidate full-length transmitted/founder hiv-1 genomes. Pathog Immun 1: 129–153.
  Usme-Ciro JA , Méndez JA , Laiton KD , Páez A , 2014. The relevance of dengue virus genotypes surveillance at country level before vaccine approval. Hum Vaccin Immunother 10: 2674–2678.
  Vongsouvath M et al.2016. Using rapid diagnostic tests as a source of viral RNA for dengue serotyping by RT-PCR—a novel epidemiological tool. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004704.
  Bennett S , Gunson RN , McAllister GE , Hutchinson SJ , Goldberg DJ , Cameron SO , Carman WF , 2012. Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in dried blood spots. J Clin Virol 54: 106–109.
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Abstract Views | 3681 | 1787 | 72 |
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Standard molecular detection of many pathogens, in particular RNA viruses, requires appropriate handling in the field for preserving the quality of the sample until processing. This could be challenging in remote tropical areas. Dengue virus (DENV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and Zika virus (ZIKV) are RNA viruses, prominent among the causes of fever in the tropics. We aimed to test the stability of arboviral RNA in contrived dried blood spots prepared on Whatman 903 Protein saver cards as a means of sample collection and storage. We were able to detect DENV, CHIKV, and ZIKV by real-time RT-PCR up to 180 days after card inoculation with stable Ct values across the study period. Our study supports dried blood spots (DBS) on protein saver cards as a platform for stable detection of arboviral RNA of sufficient quality to be used in diagnostic RT-PCR assays and next generation sequencing.
Financial support: This research was supported in part by the Halle Institute for Global Research and the University Research Committee of Emory University, and by the Ministerio de Ciencia, TecnologÃa e Innovación de Colombia, (Minciencias), Contract No 419-2020.
Authors’ addresses: Jaime A. Cardona-Ospina, Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia, and Emerging Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Group, Sci-help, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia, E-mail: jaime.cardona@uam.edu.co. Victoria Stittleburg, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: victoria.d.simmons@emory.edu. Natalia Millan-Benavidez, Juliana Restrepo-Chica, and Diana Marcela Rojas-Gallardo, Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Facultad de Medicina, Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia, E-mails: natalia.millan@uam.edu.co, juliana.restrepoc@uam.edu.co, and diana.rojasg@uam.edu.co. Autum Key, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: autum.key@emory.edu. Anne Piantadosi, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, E-mail: anne.piantadosi@emory.edu. Matthew H. Collins and Jesse J. Waggoner, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, and Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, GA, Emails: matthew.collins@emory.edu and jjwaggo@emory.edu.
  Cardona-Ospina JA , Jiménez-Canizales CE , Vásquez-Serna H , Garzón-RamÃrez JA , Alarcón-Robayo JF , Cerón-Pineda JA , RodrÃguez-Morales AJ , 2018. Fatal dengue, chikungunya and leptospirosis: the importance of assessing co-infections in febrile patients in tropical areas. Trop Med Infect Dis 3. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed3040123.
  Cardona-Ospina JA , Villalba-Miranda MF , Palechor-Ocampo LA , Mancilla LI , Sepúlveda-Arias JC , 2019. A systematic review of FTA cards® as a tool for viral RNA preservation in fieldwork: are they safe and effective? Prev Vet Med 172. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2019.104772.
  Guzman H , Ding X , Xiao SY , Tesh RB , 2005. Duration of infectivity and RNA of Venezuelan equine encephalitis, West Nile, and yellow fever viruses dried on filter paper and maintained at room temperature. Am J Trop Med Hyg 72: 474–477.
  Andriamandimby SF , Heraud JM , Randrianasolo L , Rafisandratantsoa JT , Andriamamonjy S , Richard V , 2013. Dried-blood spots: a cost-effective field method for the detection of chikungunya virus circulation in remote areas. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002339.
  Matheus S , Meynard JB , Lavergne A , Girod R , Moua D , Labeau B , Dussart P , Lacoste V , Deparis X , 2008. D engue-3 outbreak in Paraguay: investigations using capillary blood samples on filter paper. Am J Trop Med Hyg 79: 685–687.
  Daag JV et al.2021. Performance of dried blood spots compared with serum samples for measuring dengue seroprevalence in a cohort of children in Cebu, Philippines. Am J Trop Med Hyg 104: 130–135.
  Reust MJ , Lee MH , Xiang J , Zhang W , Xu D , Batson T , Zhang T , Downs JA , Dupnik KM , 2018. Dried blood spot RNA transcriptomes correlate with transcriptomes derived from whole blood RNA. Am J Trop Med Hyg 98: 1541–1546.
  Waggoner JJ , Stittleburg V , Natrajan MS , Paniagua-Avila A , Bauer D , Olson D , El Sahly HM , Asturias EJ , Anderson EJ , Munoz FM , 2021. Sensitive and prolonged detection of dengue virus RNA in whole blood. Am J Trop Med Hyg 104: 1734–1736.
  Waggoner JJ , Gresh L , Mohamed-Hadley A , Ballesteros G , Vargas Davila MJ , Tellez Y , Sahoo MK , Balmaseda A , Harris E , Pinsky BA , 2016. Single-reaction multiplex reverse transcription PCR for detection of Zika, chikungunya, and dengue viruses. Emerg Infect Dis 22: 1295–1297.
  Koliopoulos P et al.2021. Multiplex-RT-PCR-ELISA panel for detecting mosquito-borne pathogens: Plasmodium sp. preserved and eluted from dried blood spots on sample cards. Malar J 20. doi: 10.1186/s12936-021-03595-4.
  Rojas A et al.2019. Characterization of dengue cases among patients with an acute illness, Central Department, Paraguay. PeerJ 2019. doi: 10.7717/peerj.7852.
  Waggoner JJ , Katzelnick LC , Burger-Calderon R , Gallini J , Moore RH , Kuan G , Balmaseda A , Pinsky BA , Harris E , 2020. Antibody-dependent enhancement of severe disease is mediated by serum viral load in pediatric dengue virus infections. J Infect Dis 221: 1846–1854.
  Wipf NC , Guidi V , Tonolla M , Ruinelli M , Müller P , Engler O , 2019. Evaluation of honey-baited FTA cards in combination with different mosquito traps in an area of low arbovirus prevalence. Parasit Vectors 12. doi: 10.1186/s13071-019-3798-8.
  Birnberg L , Temmam S , Aranda C , Correa-Fiz F , Talavera S , Bigot T , Eloit M , Busquets N , 2020. Viromics on honey-baited FTA cards as a new tool for the detection of circulating viruses in mosquitoes. Viruses 12. doi: 10.3390/v12030274.
  Salazar-Gonzalez JF , Salazar MG , Tully DC , Ogilvie CB , Learn GH , Allen TM , Heath SL , Goepfert P , Bar KJ , 2016. Use of dried blood spots to elucidate full-length transmitted/founder hiv-1 genomes. Pathog Immun 1: 129–153.
  Usme-Ciro JA , Méndez JA , Laiton KD , Páez A , 2014. The relevance of dengue virus genotypes surveillance at country level before vaccine approval. Hum Vaccin Immunother 10: 2674–2678.
  Vongsouvath M et al.2016. Using rapid diagnostic tests as a source of viral RNA for dengue serotyping by RT-PCR—a novel epidemiological tool. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 10. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004704.
  Bennett S , Gunson RN , McAllister GE , Hutchinson SJ , Goldberg DJ , Cameron SO , Carman WF , 2012. Detection of hepatitis C virus RNA in dried blood spots. J Clin Virol 54: 106–109.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 3681 | 1787 | 72 |
Full Text Views | 390 | 19 | 1 |
PDF Downloads | 231 | 15 | 1 |