Distribution of Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus and Antiviral Antibodies in Wild and Domestic Animals in Oita Prefecture, Japan

Takehiro Hashimoto Infection Control Center, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan;
Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan;

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Takaaki Yahiro Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan;

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Kentaro Yamada Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan;

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Kazunori Kimitsuki Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan;

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Minami W. Okuyama Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan;

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Akiko Honda Oita Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Oita, Japan;

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Miki Kato Oita Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Oita, Japan;

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Hiroshi Narimatsu Oita Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Oita, Japan;

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Kazufumi Hiramatsu Infection Control Center, Oita University Hospital, Oita, Japan;
Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita, Japan

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Akira Nishizono Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan;
Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita, Japan

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ABSTRACT.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is an emerging life-threatening infectious disease caused by the tickborne SFTS virus (SFTSV), first identified in China in 2009 and then in Japan in 2013. Human SFTS cases were reported to be concentrated in western Japan, but the epidemiological conditions of SFTSV infection in a specific region are still obscure. We performed an epidemiological study of SFTSV in Oita Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, located in western Japan. For our research, we collected sera from wild and domestic animals (deer, wild boars, raccoons, cats, and dogs) and ticks from January 2010 to November 2020 in Oita. The anti-SFTSV antibody positivity rate of deer in 2014 was significantly higher than that in 2011 (65% versus 27%, P < 0.001). The anti-SFTSV antibody positivity rates of deer, wild boars, raccoons, wild dogs, domestic dogs, and domestic cats were 55%, 12%, 27%, 1.8%, 0.53%, and 1.4%, respectively. Moreover, RT-PCR could not detect SFTSV in any tick sample. Of the six areas of Oita Prefecture, only the Eastern area showed no incidence or possibility of SFTSV infection among wild and domestic animals, ticks, and human beings. Further investigation is required to assess whether local seroepidemiology in animals will help assess the risk of SFTSV infections in inhabitants.

Author Notes

Address correspondence to Akira Nishizono, Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Address: 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu, Oita 879-5593, Japan. E-mail: a24zono@oita-u.ac.jp

Authors’ addresses: Takehiro Hashimoto, Infection Control Center, Oita University Hospital and Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan, E-mail: hashimo2013@oita-u.ac.jp. Takaaki Yahiro, Kentaro Yamada, Kazunori Kimitsuki, and Akira Nishizono, Department of Microbiology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan, E-mails: takaaki-816@oita-u.ac.jp, k-kimitsuki@oita-u.ac.jp, and a24zono@oita-u.ac.jp. Minami W. Okuyama, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan, E-mail: okuyama-m@oita-u.ac.jp. Akiko Honda, Miki Kato, and Hiroshi Narimatsu, Oita Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Oita, Japan, E-mails: honda-akiko@pref.oita.lg.jp, kato-miki@pref.oita.lg.jp, and pu-narimatsu074@pref.oita.jp. Kazufumi Hiramatsu, Infection Control Center, Oita University Hospital and Research Center for Global and Local Infectious Diseases, Oita, Japan, E-mail: hiramats@oita-u.ac.jp.

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