Prata A , 2001. Clinical and epidemiological aspects of Chagas disease. Lancet Infect Dis 1 : 92–100.
Rassi A Jr , Rassi A , Marin-Neto JÁ , 2010. Chagas disease. Lancet 375 : 1388–1402.
Koberle F , 1970. The causation and importance of nervous lesions in American trypanosomiasis. Bull World Health Organ 42 : 739–743.
Dias JCP , 1995. Natural history of Chagas’ disease. Arq Bras Cardiol 65 : 359–366.
Rassi A , Rezende JM , Luquetti AO , Rassi A Jr , 2017. Clinical phases and forms of Chagas disease. Telleria J , Tibayrenc M , eds. American Trypanosomiasis. Chagas Disease. One Hundred Years of Research, 2nd edition. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier, 653–686.
Rezende JM , Luquetti AO , 1994. Chagasic megavisceras. Pan American Health Organization, eds. Chagas’ disease and the Nervous System. Washington, DC: Scientific Publication No. 547, 149–171.
Gomes YM , Lorena VMB , Luquetti AO , 2009. Diagnosis of Chagas disease: what has been achieved? What remains to be done with regard to diagnosis and follow up studies? Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 104 (Supp I):115–121.
Cossio PM , Laghens RP , Diez C , Szarfman A , Segal A , Arana RM , 1974. Chagasic cardiopathy: antibodies reacting with plasma membrane of striated muscle and endothelial cells. Circulation 50 : 1252–1259.
Szarfman A , Luquetti A , Rassi A , Rezende JM , Schmunis GA , 1981. Tissue-reacting immunoglobulins in patients with different clinical forms of Chagas’ disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg 30 : 43–46.
Scharfstein J , Luquetti A , Murta ACM , Senna M , Rezende JM , Rassi A , Mendonça-Previato L , 1985. Chagas’ disease: serodiagnosis with purified Gp25 antigen. Am J Trop Med Hyg 34 : 1153–1160.
Schechter M , Luquetti AO , Rezende JM , Rassi A , Miles MA , 1985. Further evaluation of lectin affinity purified glycoprotein (GP90) in the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 79 : 637–640.
Shaw MA , 2017. Human genetic susceptibility to Chagas disease. Telleria J , Tibayrenc M , eds. American Trypanosomiasis. Chagas Disease. One Hundred Years of Research, 2nd edition. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier, 629–652.
Argüeso P , Panjwani N , 2011. Focus on molecules: Galectin-3. Exp Eye Res 92 : 2–3.
Newlaczyl AU , Yu LG , 2011. Galectin-3-a jack-of-all-trades in cancer. Cancer Lett 313 : 123–128.
Dong R , Zhang M , Hu Q , Zheng S , Soh A , Zheng Y , Yuan H , 2018. Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 41 : 599–614.
Lopez-Andrès N , Rossignol P , Iraqi W , Fay R , Nuée J , Ghio S , Cleland JG , Zannad F , Lacolley P , 2012. Association of galectin-3 and fibrosis markers with long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and dyssynchrony: insights from the CARE-HF (Cardiac Resynchronization in Heart Failure) trial. Eur J Heart Fail 14 : 74–81.
Daniels LB , Maisel AS , 2007. Natriuretic peptides. J Am Coll Cardiol 50 : 2357–2368.
Liu XY , Huang YT , Lai MY , Chen J , Chu TW , Tsay PK , Shiao CC , 2018. Predicting cardiogenic pulmonary edema in heart failure patients by using an N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP)-based score. Clin Chim Acta 480 : 26–33.
Esther N et al., 2017. NT-proBNP is increased in differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients and may predict cardiovascular risk. Clin Biochem 50 : 696–702.
Sherbuk JE et al., 2015. Biomarkers and mortality in severe Chagas cardiomyopathy. Glob Heart 10 : 173–180.
Yichuan F , Zhao X , Li X , Li N , Hu N , 2018. Cardiac troponin and adverse outcomes. Clin Chim Acta 477 : 48–52.
Drakopanagiotakis F , Wujak L , Wygrecka M , Markart P , 2018. Biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Matrix Biol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2018.01.023.
Kuschnir E , Sgammini H , Castro R , Evequoz C , Ledesma R , Brunetto J , 1985. Valoración de la función cardíaca por angiografía radioisotópica en pacientes con cardiopatía chagásica crónica. Arq Bras Cardiol 45 : 249–256.
Luquetti AO , Miles MA , Rassi A , de Rezende JM , de Souza AA , Povoa MM , Rodrigues I , 1986. Trypanosoma cruzi: zymodemes associated with acute and chronic Chagas’ disease in central Brazil. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 80 : 462–470.
Dias JCP et al., 2016. II Consenso Brasileiro em Doença de Chagas, 2015. Rev Epidemiol Serv Saúde 25 (num.esp.): 7–86.
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This study evaluated four biomarkers of inflammation or fibrosis as progression indicators for heart disease in patients with Chagas disease. We compared values of these markers at the time of the first sample collection of blood (first time point) and at the time of the last collection of blood (second time point) for 103 individuals positive for Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies. They were split into two clinical groups: 52 individuals with the indeterminate form of the disease at the first time point and 51 controls that already had either cardiac involvement (N = 25) or megaviscera (megaesophagus and/or megacolon; N = 26) at that time. All individuals had an electrocardiogram performed both at the first and second time point (mean time between time points: 11 years). All samples were blind tested for galectin-3, brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), lysyl oxidase-like protein 2 (LOXL2), and troponin. Differences in concentrations between samples were analyzed using the months between samples as the covariate. This analysis showed that values for all markers, except troponin biomarker had a significative increase at the second time point for the 91 patients without progression. A similar result was obtained for NT-proBNP and LOXL2 with sera from 12 patients that progressed with cardiac disease. The single marker that showed a significative difference between groups (P = 0.01) was galectin-3. We concluded that galectin-3 was the only marker with a prognostic value in relation to the progression or worsening of heart disease in patients with Chagas disease.
Disclosure: All authors participate actively in the study. Selection and follow-up of patients was done by Dr. D. E. Campos Oliveira and Dr. E. C. Oliveira, serology by S.B.N. Tavares and A. O. Luquetti, and writing by E. C. Oliveira and A. O. Luquetti. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest concerning this article. An initial amount of R$20,500,00 (equivalent at the time to 3,000.00 US$) was received from Biomerieux for expenses with samples.
Authors’ addresses: Dayse Elisabeth Campos de Oliveira, Suelene Brito do Nascimento Tavares, Enio Chaves de Oliveira, and Alejandro O. Luquetti, Núcleo de Estudo da doença de Chagas (NEDoC), Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil, E-mails: daysecampos2@gmail.com, suelenetavares@gmail.com, eco1.br@gmail.com, and aluquetti@gmail.com.
Prata A , 2001. Clinical and epidemiological aspects of Chagas disease. Lancet Infect Dis 1 : 92–100.
Rassi A Jr , Rassi A , Marin-Neto JÁ , 2010. Chagas disease. Lancet 375 : 1388–1402.
Koberle F , 1970. The causation and importance of nervous lesions in American trypanosomiasis. Bull World Health Organ 42 : 739–743.
Dias JCP , 1995. Natural history of Chagas’ disease. Arq Bras Cardiol 65 : 359–366.
Rassi A , Rezende JM , Luquetti AO , Rassi A Jr , 2017. Clinical phases and forms of Chagas disease. Telleria J , Tibayrenc M , eds. American Trypanosomiasis. Chagas Disease. One Hundred Years of Research, 2nd edition. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier, 653–686.
Rezende JM , Luquetti AO , 1994. Chagasic megavisceras. Pan American Health Organization, eds. Chagas’ disease and the Nervous System. Washington, DC: Scientific Publication No. 547, 149–171.
Gomes YM , Lorena VMB , Luquetti AO , 2009. Diagnosis of Chagas disease: what has been achieved? What remains to be done with regard to diagnosis and follow up studies? Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 104 (Supp I):115–121.
Cossio PM , Laghens RP , Diez C , Szarfman A , Segal A , Arana RM , 1974. Chagasic cardiopathy: antibodies reacting with plasma membrane of striated muscle and endothelial cells. Circulation 50 : 1252–1259.
Szarfman A , Luquetti A , Rassi A , Rezende JM , Schmunis GA , 1981. Tissue-reacting immunoglobulins in patients with different clinical forms of Chagas’ disease. Am J Trop Med Hyg 30 : 43–46.
Scharfstein J , Luquetti A , Murta ACM , Senna M , Rezende JM , Rassi A , Mendonça-Previato L , 1985. Chagas’ disease: serodiagnosis with purified Gp25 antigen. Am J Trop Med Hyg 34 : 1153–1160.
Schechter M , Luquetti AO , Rezende JM , Rassi A , Miles MA , 1985. Further evaluation of lectin affinity purified glycoprotein (GP90) in the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 79 : 637–640.
Shaw MA , 2017. Human genetic susceptibility to Chagas disease. Telleria J , Tibayrenc M , eds. American Trypanosomiasis. Chagas Disease. One Hundred Years of Research, 2nd edition. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: Elsevier, 629–652.
Argüeso P , Panjwani N , 2011. Focus on molecules: Galectin-3. Exp Eye Res 92 : 2–3.
Newlaczyl AU , Yu LG , 2011. Galectin-3-a jack-of-all-trades in cancer. Cancer Lett 313 : 123–128.
Dong R , Zhang M , Hu Q , Zheng S , Soh A , Zheng Y , Yuan H , 2018. Galectin-3 as a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and a target for therapy (Review). Int J Mol Med 41 : 599–614.
Lopez-Andrès N , Rossignol P , Iraqi W , Fay R , Nuée J , Ghio S , Cleland JG , Zannad F , Lacolley P , 2012. Association of galectin-3 and fibrosis markers with long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients with heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, and dyssynchrony: insights from the CARE-HF (Cardiac Resynchronization in Heart Failure) trial. Eur J Heart Fail 14 : 74–81.
Daniels LB , Maisel AS , 2007. Natriuretic peptides. J Am Coll Cardiol 50 : 2357–2368.
Liu XY , Huang YT , Lai MY , Chen J , Chu TW , Tsay PK , Shiao CC , 2018. Predicting cardiogenic pulmonary edema in heart failure patients by using an N-terminal pro-b-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro BNP)-based score. Clin Chim Acta 480 : 26–33.
Esther N et al., 2017. NT-proBNP is increased in differentiated thyroid carcinoma patients and may predict cardiovascular risk. Clin Biochem 50 : 696–702.
Sherbuk JE et al., 2015. Biomarkers and mortality in severe Chagas cardiomyopathy. Glob Heart 10 : 173–180.
Yichuan F , Zhao X , Li X , Li N , Hu N , 2018. Cardiac troponin and adverse outcomes. Clin Chim Acta 477 : 48–52.
Drakopanagiotakis F , Wujak L , Wygrecka M , Markart P , 2018. Biomarkers in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Matrix Biol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matbio.2018.01.023.
Kuschnir E , Sgammini H , Castro R , Evequoz C , Ledesma R , Brunetto J , 1985. Valoración de la función cardíaca por angiografía radioisotópica en pacientes con cardiopatía chagásica crónica. Arq Bras Cardiol 45 : 249–256.
Luquetti AO , Miles MA , Rassi A , de Rezende JM , de Souza AA , Povoa MM , Rodrigues I , 1986. Trypanosoma cruzi: zymodemes associated with acute and chronic Chagas’ disease in central Brazil. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 80 : 462–470.
Dias JCP et al., 2016. II Consenso Brasileiro em Doença de Chagas, 2015. Rev Epidemiol Serv Saúde 25 (num.esp.): 7–86.
Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
---|---|---|---|
Abstract Views | 3789 | 932 | 44 |
Full Text Views | 131 | 7 | 0 |
PDF Downloads | 130 | 11 | 1 |