Evaluation of Four Biomarkers in Patients Chronically Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi and Their Relationship with Disease Progression

Dayse Elisabeth Campos de Oliveira Núcleo de Estudo da doença de Chagas (NEDoC), Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil

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Suelene Brito do Nascimento Tavares Núcleo de Estudo da doença de Chagas (NEDoC), Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil

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Enio Chaves de Oliveira Núcleo de Estudo da doença de Chagas (NEDoC), Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil

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Alejandro O. Luquetti Núcleo de Estudo da doença de Chagas (NEDoC), Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil

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ABSTRACT.

This study evaluated four biomarkers of inflammation or fibrosis as progression indicators for heart disease in patients with Chagas disease. We compared values of these markers at the time of the first sample collection of blood (first time point) and at the time of the last collection of blood (second time point) for 103 individuals positive for Trypanosoma cruzi antibodies. They were split into two clinical groups: 52 individuals with the indeterminate form of the disease at the first time point and 51 controls that already had either cardiac involvement (N = 25) or megaviscera (megaesophagus and/or megacolon; N = 26) at that time. All individuals had an electrocardiogram performed both at the first and second time point (mean time between time points: 11 years). All samples were blind tested for galectin-3, brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), lysyl oxidase-like protein 2 (LOXL2), and troponin. Differences in concentrations between samples were analyzed using the months between samples as the covariate. This analysis showed that values for all markers, except troponin biomarker had a significative increase at the second time point for the 91 patients without progression. A similar result was obtained for NT-proBNP and LOXL2 with sera from 12 patients that progressed with cardiac disease. The single marker that showed a significative difference between groups (P = 0.01) was galectin-3. We concluded that galectin-3 was the only marker with a prognostic value in relation to the progression or worsening of heart disease in patients with Chagas disease.

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Author Notes

Address correspondence to Alejandro O. Luquetti, Núcleo de Estudo da doença de Chagas (NEDoC), Hospital das Clínicas, 1a. Avenida s/n, Setor Universitario, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, CEP: 74605-020, Brazil. E-mail: aluquetti@gmail.com

Disclosure: All authors participate actively in the study. Selection and follow-up of patients was done by Dr. D. E. Campos Oliveira and Dr. E. C. Oliveira, serology by S.B.N. Tavares and A. O. Luquetti, and writing by E. C. Oliveira and A. O. Luquetti. The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest concerning this article. An initial amount of R$20,500,00 (equivalent at the time to 3,000.00 US$) was received from Biomerieux for expenses with samples.

Authors’ addresses: Dayse Elisabeth Campos de Oliveira, Suelene Brito do Nascimento Tavares, Enio Chaves de Oliveira, and Alejandro O. Luquetti, Núcleo de Estudo da doença de Chagas (NEDoC), Hospital das Clínicas, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil, E-mails: daysecampos2@gmail.com, suelenetavares@gmail.com, eco1.br@gmail.com, and aluquetti@gmail.com.

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