- ABSTRACT.
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS
- Characteristics of diarrheal episodes and sociodemographic data.
- Single-pathogen infection by Campylobacter spp. and clinical characteristics.
- Coinfections with additional pathogens and clinical characteristics.
- Clinical characteristics of Campylobacter spp. infections treated with macrolides, nonmacrolides, and symptomatic treatment.
- DISCUSSION
- REFERENCES
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
World Health Organization , 2017. Diarrhoeal Disease. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease. Accessed October 30, 2020.
-
2.
Dadonaite B , Ritchie H , Roser M , 2018. Diarrheal Diseases. Our World in Data. Available at: https://ourworldindata.org/diarrheal-diseases. Accessed October 30, 2020.
-
3.
Kotloff KL et al.2013. Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study. Lancet 382: 209–222.
-
4.
Gahamanyi N , Mboera LEG , Matee MI , Mutangana D , Komba EVG , 2020. Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of thermophilic Campylobacter species in humans and animals in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. Int J Microbiol 220: 2092478.
-
5.
Giugno S , Oderiz S , 2010. Etiología bacteriana de la diarrea aguda en pacientes pediátricos. Acta Bioquím Clín Latinoam 44: 63–69.
-
6.
Perales DM , Camiña M , Quiñones C , 2002. Infección por Campylobacter y Shigella como causa de Diarrea Aguda Infecciosa en niños menores de dos años en el Distrito de la Victoria, Lima-Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 19: 186–192.
-
7.
Thielman NM , Guerrant RL , 2004. Clinical practice. Acute infectious diarrhea. N Engl J Med 350: 38–47.
-
8.
Bruzzese E , Giannattasio A , Guarino A , 2018. Antibiotic treatment of acute gastroenteritis in children. F1000 Res 7: 193.
-
9.
Shane AL et al.2017. 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 65: e45–e80.
-
10.
Fischer GH , Paterek E , 2020. Campylobacter. StatPearls. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537033/. Accessed October 30, 2020.
-
11.
Lluque A , Riveros M , Prada A , Ochoa TJ , Ruiz J , 2017. Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter spp. from a Peruvian Pediatric Cohort. Scientifica (Cairo) 2017.
-
12.
Schiaffino F et al.2019. Antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter species in a pediatric cohort study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 63: e01911–18.
-
13.
Pham NTK et al.2015. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from adult hospitalized patients with diarrhea in Thailand. Clin Lab 61: 1809–1812.
-
14.
Stockdale AJ , Beeching NJ , Anson J , Beadsworth MBJ , 2016. Emergence of extensive fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter gastroenteritis in Liverpool, UK. J Infect 72: 398–400.
-
15.
Ochoa TJ et al.2013. Randomized double-blind controlled trial of bovine lactoferrin for prevention of diarrhea in children. J Pediatr 162: 349–356.
-
16.
Zambruni M et al.2016. High prevalence and increased severity of norovirus mixed infections among children 12–24 months of age living in the suburban areas of Lima, Peru. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 5: 337–341.
-
17.
Lee G et al.2013. Symptomatic and asymptomatic Campylobacter infections associated with reduced growth in Peruvian children. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2036.
-
18.
Gonzales Escalante E , 2015. Coinfecciones bacterianas causantes de enfermedad diarreica aguda, en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño [Bacterial co-infections causing acute diarrheal disease, in the National Institute of Child Health]. An Fac Med (Lima) 76: 463–464.
-
19.
Murga H , Huicho L , Guevara G , 1993. Acute diarrhoea and Campylobacter in Peruvian children: a clinical and epidemiologic approach. J Trop Pediatr 39: 338–341.
-
20.
Engberg J , Aarestrup FM , Taylor DE , Gerner-Smidt P , Nachamkin I , 2001. Quinolone and macrolide resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli: resistance mechanisms and trends in human isolates. Emerg Infect Dis 7: 24–34.
-
21.
Smith KE , Besser JM , Hedberg CW , Leano FT , Bender JB , Wicklund JH , Johnson BP , Moore KA , Osterholm MT , 2008. Quinolone-resistant Campylobacter jejuni infections in Minnesota, 1992–1998. Investigation Team. Emerg Infect Dis 340: 1525–1532.
-
22.
Snelling WJ , Matsuda M , Moore JE , Dooley JSG , 2005. Campylobacter jejuni. Lett Appl Microbiol 41: 297–302.
-
23.
Pollett S et al.2012. Campylobacter antimicrobial resistance in Peru: a ten-year observational study. BMC Infect Dis 12: 193.
-
24.
Salazar-Lindo E et al.1986. Early treatment with erythromycin of Campylobacter jejuni-associated dysentery in children. J Pediatr 109: 355–360.
-
25.
Vukelic D , Trkulja V , Salkovic-Petrisic M , 2010. Single oral dose of azithromycin versus 5 days of oral erythromycin or no antibiotic in treatment of Campylobacter enterocolitis in children: a prospective randomized assessor-blind study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 50: 404–410.
-
26.
Ternhag A , Asikainen T , Giesecke J , Ekdahl K , 2007. A meta-analysis on the effects of antibiotic treatment on duration of symptoms caused by infection with Campylobacter species. Clin Infect Dis 44: 696–700.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 5861 | 1647 | 46 |
| Full Text Views | 112 | 7 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 78 | 9 | 0 |
Clinical Course of Children with Campylobacter Gastroenteritis With and Without Co-Infection in Lima, Peru
Galo Amaro Munoz
Galo Amaro Munoz
School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru;
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Maribel Denise Riveros-Ramirez
Maribel Denise Riveros-Ramirez
School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru;
Medical Tropical Alexander von Humboldt Institute, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru;
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Medical Tropical Alexander von Humboldt Institute, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru;
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Elsa Chea-Woo
Elsa Chea-Woo
School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru;
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Theresa J. Ochoa
Theresa J. Ochoa
School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru;
Medical Tropical Alexander von Humboldt Institute, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru;
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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Medical Tropical Alexander von Humboldt Institute, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru;
Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
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ABSTRACT.
This study describes the clinical course of gastroenteritis caused by Campylobacter spp. as a single-infection versus coinfection and the corresponding changes that occur according to the treatment received, in children between 12 and 24 months of age. This descriptive study is based on the data of a pediatric cohort conducted between 2008 and 2011 of 555 children in Lima, Peru. Ninety-six diarrheal episodes with positive cultures for Campylobacter spp. were evaluated. In 52 episodes, empirical antibiotic treatment was started before pathogen isolation. Of these 96 episodes, 64.6% were coinfections with other pathogens. Coinfections were led by Escherichia coli, norovirus, and Giardia. Compared with single-infection episodes, coinfections had a mean symptom duration of 6.6 versus 5.7 days, a mean frequency of bowel movements per episode of 18.9 versus 14.8, and occurrence of vomiting and fever in 24.2% versus 14.7% of patients. Most of the patients with more severe clinical features at diagnosis were prescribed macrolides as empiric treatment. In the single-infection group, symptom duration was 7.2 ± 3.3 days in the macrolide-treated group and 7.9 ± 2.7 days in the nonmacrolide group. Diarrhea caused by coinfection appeared to be generally more severe than a single-pathogen. Patients with more severe clinical courses who received macrolides treatment might have had a faster recovery than patients who received nonmacrolides.
Author Notes
Financial support: This research was funded by U.S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (Public Health Service award R01-HD051716).
Authors’ addresses: Galo Amaro Munoz, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru, E-mail: galo.munoz@upch.pe. Maribel Denise Riveros-Ramirez, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru, and Medical Tropical Alexander von Humboldt Institute, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru, E-mail: maribel.riveros@upch.pe. Elsa Chea-Woo, School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru, E-mail: elsa.chea@upch.pe. Theresa J. Ochoa, Woodel School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru, Medical Tropical Alexander von Humboldt Institute, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru, and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, E-mail: theresa.ochoa@upch.pe.
- ABSTRACT.
- INTRODUCTION
- MATERIALS AND METHODS
- RESULTS
- Characteristics of diarrheal episodes and sociodemographic data.
- Single-pathogen infection by Campylobacter spp. and clinical characteristics.
- Coinfections with additional pathogens and clinical characteristics.
- Clinical characteristics of Campylobacter spp. infections treated with macrolides, nonmacrolides, and symptomatic treatment.
- DISCUSSION
- REFERENCES
ProCite
RefWorks
Reference Manager
BibTeX
Zotero
EndNote
-
1.
World Health Organization , 2017. Diarrhoeal Disease. Available at: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/diarrhoeal-disease. Accessed October 30, 2020.
-
2.
Dadonaite B , Ritchie H , Roser M , 2018. Diarrheal Diseases. Our World in Data. Available at: https://ourworldindata.org/diarrheal-diseases. Accessed October 30, 2020.
-
3.
Kotloff KL et al.2013. Burden and aetiology of diarrhoeal disease in infants and young children in developing countries (the Global Enteric Multicenter Study, GEMS): a prospective, case-control study. Lancet 382: 209–222.
-
4.
Gahamanyi N , Mboera LEG , Matee MI , Mutangana D , Komba EVG , 2020. Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial resistance profiles of thermophilic Campylobacter species in humans and animals in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. Int J Microbiol 220: 2092478.
-
5.
Giugno S , Oderiz S , 2010. Etiología bacteriana de la diarrea aguda en pacientes pediátricos. Acta Bioquím Clín Latinoam 44: 63–69.
-
6.
Perales DM , Camiña M , Quiñones C , 2002. Infección por Campylobacter y Shigella como causa de Diarrea Aguda Infecciosa en niños menores de dos años en el Distrito de la Victoria, Lima-Perú. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica 19: 186–192.
-
7.
Thielman NM , Guerrant RL , 2004. Clinical practice. Acute infectious diarrhea. N Engl J Med 350: 38–47.
-
8.
Bruzzese E , Giannattasio A , Guarino A , 2018. Antibiotic treatment of acute gastroenteritis in children. F1000 Res 7: 193.
-
9.
Shane AL et al.2017. 2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 65: e45–e80.
-
10.
Fischer GH , Paterek E , 2020. Campylobacter. StatPearls. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537033/. Accessed October 30, 2020.
-
11.
Lluque A , Riveros M , Prada A , Ochoa TJ , Ruiz J , 2017. Virulence and Antimicrobial Resistance in Campylobacter spp. from a Peruvian Pediatric Cohort. Scientifica (Cairo) 2017.
-
12.
Schiaffino F et al.2019. Antibiotic resistance of Campylobacter species in a pediatric cohort study. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 63: e01911–18.
-
13.
Pham NTK et al.2015. Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from adult hospitalized patients with diarrhea in Thailand. Clin Lab 61: 1809–1812.
-
14.
Stockdale AJ , Beeching NJ , Anson J , Beadsworth MBJ , 2016. Emergence of extensive fluoroquinolone resistance in Campylobacter gastroenteritis in Liverpool, UK. J Infect 72: 398–400.
-
15.
Ochoa TJ et al.2013. Randomized double-blind controlled trial of bovine lactoferrin for prevention of diarrhea in children. J Pediatr 162: 349–356.
-
16.
Zambruni M et al.2016. High prevalence and increased severity of norovirus mixed infections among children 12–24 months of age living in the suburban areas of Lima, Peru. J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc 5: 337–341.
-
17.
Lee G et al.2013. Symptomatic and asymptomatic Campylobacter infections associated with reduced growth in Peruvian children. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 7: e2036.
-
18.
Gonzales Escalante E , 2015. Coinfecciones bacterianas causantes de enfermedad diarreica aguda, en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño [Bacterial co-infections causing acute diarrheal disease, in the National Institute of Child Health]. An Fac Med (Lima) 76: 463–464.
-
19.
Murga H , Huicho L , Guevara G , 1993. Acute diarrhoea and Campylobacter in Peruvian children: a clinical and epidemiologic approach. J Trop Pediatr 39: 338–341.
-
20.
Engberg J , Aarestrup FM , Taylor DE , Gerner-Smidt P , Nachamkin I , 2001. Quinolone and macrolide resistance in Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli: resistance mechanisms and trends in human isolates. Emerg Infect Dis 7: 24–34.
-
21.
Smith KE , Besser JM , Hedberg CW , Leano FT , Bender JB , Wicklund JH , Johnson BP , Moore KA , Osterholm MT , 2008. Quinolone-resistant Campylobacter jejuni infections in Minnesota, 1992–1998. Investigation Team. Emerg Infect Dis 340: 1525–1532.
-
22.
Snelling WJ , Matsuda M , Moore JE , Dooley JSG , 2005. Campylobacter jejuni. Lett Appl Microbiol 41: 297–302.
-
23.
Pollett S et al.2012. Campylobacter antimicrobial resistance in Peru: a ten-year observational study. BMC Infect Dis 12: 193.
-
24.
Salazar-Lindo E et al.1986. Early treatment with erythromycin of Campylobacter jejuni-associated dysentery in children. J Pediatr 109: 355–360.
-
25.
Vukelic D , Trkulja V , Salkovic-Petrisic M , 2010. Single oral dose of azithromycin versus 5 days of oral erythromycin or no antibiotic in treatment of Campylobacter enterocolitis in children: a prospective randomized assessor-blind study. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 50: 404–410.
-
26.
Ternhag A , Asikainen T , Giesecke J , Ekdahl K , 2007. A meta-analysis on the effects of antibiotic treatment on duration of symptoms caused by infection with Campylobacter species. Clin Infect Dis 44: 696–700.
| Past two years | Past Year | Past 30 Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abstract Views | 5861 | 1647 | 46 |
| Full Text Views | 112 | 7 | 0 |
| PDF Downloads | 78 | 9 | 0 |